Thinking Problem Solving Creativity and Language
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| 9535954991 | cognition | all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating. | 0 | |
| 9535954992 | Concept | a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people | 1 | |
| 9535954993 | Prototype | a standard or typical example (Is that a computer screen that BENDS?!) | 2 | |
| 9535954994 | algorithm | a precise rule (or set of rules) specifying how to solve some problem | 3 | |
| 9535954995 | Heuristic | a commonsense rule (or set of rules) intended to increase the probability of solving some problem | 4 | |
| 9535954996 | Insight | A cognitive form of learning involving the mental rearragnment or restructuring of the elements in a problem to achieve an understanding or the problem and arrive at a solution | 5 | |
| 9535954997 | Creativity | the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas | 6 | |
| 9535954998 | Confirmation bias | a tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions | 7 | |
| 9535954999 | fixation | the inability to see a problem from a new perspective, by employing a different mental set | 8 | |
| 9535955000 | Mental Set | a tendency to approach a problem in a particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past | 9 | |
| 9535955001 | Functional fixedness | the tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem solving (Is a shoe just a shoe?) | 10 | |
| 9535955002 | Representative heuristic | judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead one to ignore other relevent information | 11 | |
| 9535955003 | Availability heuristic | estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to mind, we presume such events are common | 12 | |
| 9535955004 | Overconfidence | total certainty or greater certainty than circumstances warrant | 13 | |
| 9535955005 | Belief Perseverance | clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited | 14 | |
| 9535955006 | Intuition | instinctive knowing (without the use of rational processes) | 15 | |
| 9535955007 | Framing | the way an issue is posed | 16 | |
| 9535955008 | Language | spoken, written or signed words, and the ways we use them to communicate. | 17 | |
| 9535955009 | Phoneme | (linguistics) the smallest distinctive unit of sound | 18 | |
| 9535955010 | Morpheme | smallest meaningful language unit | 19 | |
| 9535955011 | Grammar | a system of linguistic rules that enables communication | 20 | |
| 9535955012 | Semantics | the study of language meaning | 21 | |
| 9535955013 | Syntax | the rules for grammatical arrangement of words in sentences | 22 | |
| 9535955014 | Babbling Stage | beginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds at first unrelated to the household lanuage. | 23 | |
| 9535955015 | One-word Stage | the stage in speech development, from about age 1 to 2, during which a child speaks mostly in single words | 24 | |
| 9535955016 | Two-word stage | beginning about age 2, the stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly two-word statements | 25 | |
| 9535955017 | Telegraphic speech | early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram--'go car'--using mostly nouns and verbs and omitting 'auxiliary' words | 26 | |
| 9535955018 | Linguistic determinism | Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think | 27 | |
| 9535955019 | Noam Chomsky | American linguist whose theory of generative grammar argued that language and grammar are innate, that we have a language acquisition device built in. | 28 | |
| 9535955020 | B.F Skinner | pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that language development is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments | 29 | |
| 9535955021 | Benjamin Whorf | Linguist who theorized the concept of "liguistic determinism" or how language impacts thought | 30 |
