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| 9484588614 | intelligence test | a method for assessing an individual's mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores. |  | 0 |
| 9484588615 | intelligence | mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations) |  | 1 |
| 9484588616 | general intelligence (g) | a general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test. |  | 2 |
| 9484588617 | factor analysis | a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person's total score. | 3 | |
| 9484588618 | savant syndrome | a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing. |  | 4 |
| 9484612110 | GRIT | passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals | 5 | |
| 9484588619 | emotional intelligence | the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions. |  | 6 |
| 9484588620 | mental age | a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. Thus, a child who does as well as the average 8-year-old is said to have a mental age of 8. |  | 7 |
| 9484588621 | Stanford-Binet | the widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet's original intelligence test. |  | 8 |
| 9484588622 | intelligence quotient (IQ) | defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 (thus, IQ = ma/ca × 100). On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100. |  | 9 |
| 9484588623 | achievement tests | tests designed to assess what a person has learned. |  | 10 |
| 9484588624 | aptitude tests | tests designed to predict a person's future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn. |  | 11 |
| 9484588625 | Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) | most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests. |  | 12 |
| 9484588626 | standardization | defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group. | 13 | |
| 9484588627 | normal curve | (normal distribution) a symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data; most scores fall near the mean (68 percent fall within one standard deviation of it) and fewer and fewer near the extremes. |  | 14 |
| 9484588628 | reliability | the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, or on retesting. |  | 15 |
| 9484588629 | content validity | the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest. |  | 16 |
| 9484588630 | predictive validity | the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior. (Also called criterion-related validity.) |  | 17 |
| 9484621283 | cohort | same group of people over a given time period | 18 | |
| 9484631509 | crystalized intelligence | our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age | 19 | |
| 9484636145 | fluid intelligence | our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood | 20 | |
| 9484588631 | validity | the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to. | 21 | |
| 9484588633 | intellectual disability | (formerly referred to as mental retardation) a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound. |  | 22 |
| 9484588634 | down syndrome | a condition of intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21. |  | 23 |
| 9484644369 | heritability | the variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. The heritability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied | 24 | |
| 9484588635 | stereotype threat | a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype. |  | 25 |
