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AP Psychology unit 3C Flashcards

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5058917405Behavior geneticsthe study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior0
5058917406environmentevery non-genetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us1
5058917407chromosomesthreadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes2
5058917408DNAa complete molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes3
5058917409GenesA complex molecule that make up the chromosomes; segments of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein4
5058917410genomethe complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes5
5058917411Identical twinstwins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organisms6
5058917412fraternal twinstwins who develop from separate fertilized eggs. they are genetically no closer than brothers and sisters, but they share a fetal environment7
5058917413heritabilitythe proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. this may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied8
5058917414interactionthe interplay that occurs when the effect of one factor depends on another factor9
5058917415molecular geneticsthe subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes10
5058917416evolutionary psychologythe study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection11
5058917417natural selectionthe principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations12
5058917418mutationa random error in gene replication that leads to a change13
5058917419one major criticism of the evolutionary perspective in psychologyit analyzes after the fact using hindsight14
5058919023temperamentAn innate, genetically influenced "baseline" of personality. basic emotional style that appears early in development and is largely genetic in origin15
5059185063active/expressed genesenvironmental events "turn on" genes; genes that are expressed16
5059185681protein moleculesthe building blocks of physical development17
5059189324separated twinstwins who are separated at birth18
5059191937biological vs. adoptive relativesadopted children are more similar to genetic relatives than their enviroment/ nurture areas19
5059195509genetic relativesbiological parents and siblings20
5059195510environmental relativesadoptive parents and siblings21
5059196868self-regulatinggenes are self-regulating22
5059198369gender differences in sexualityfrontal lobes are thicker in women than in men men have a lower threshold for percieving warm responses as a sexual come-on23
5059199633natural selection and mating preferencesDarwin's ideas on natural selection and evolution the conditions of the environment favor the reproductive success of individuals with certain physical and behavioral characteristics. social darwinism24
5059200863critiques of evolutionary perspectiveBuss et al. study: Although studies seem to highlight the differences between men and women, they are actually very similar in looking for two specific traits: kindness and intelligence25
5059202259reflections on nature v. nurturegenes form us. but, our experiences also form us.26
5059202260phenotypeHow a trait appears or is expressed27
5059202261genotypeAn organism's genetic makeup28
5059204757dominant geneA gene that is expressed in the offspring whenever it is present29
5059208304recessive geneGene that is hidden when the dominant gene is present30

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