Terms : Hide Images
| 7914397476 | Sensation | The process by which pur sensory receptors and nevous system recieve ans represent stimulus energies from our enviroment | 0 | |
| 7914397477 | perception | Process of organizing and interpreting sensory information enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events | 1 | |
| 7914397478 | Bottom-Up processing | analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information | 2 | |
| 7914397479 | top-down processing | information processing guided by higher-level mental processes | 3 | |
| 7914397480 | selective attention | the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus Example: Focusing on a flashing light beam | 4 | |
| 7914397481 | cocktail party effect | ability to attend to only one voice among many | 5 | |
| 7914397482 | inattentional blindness | failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere | 6 | |
| 7914397483 | change blindness | failing to notice changes in the environment | 7 | |
| 7914397484 | 3 steps that are basic to all our sensory systems | 1. Receive 2. Transform 3. Deliver | 8 | |
| 7914397485 | Tranduction | transforming one form of energy to another | 9 | |
| 7914397486 | Psychophysics | The study of the relationships between sensory experiences and the physical stimuli that cause them | 10 | |
| 7914397487 | absolute threshold | the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time Example: Hearing test | 11 | |
| 7914397488 | signal detection theory | A theory predicting how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus amid background noise | 12 | |
| 7914397489 | subliminal | below one's absolute threshold for conscious awareness | 13 | |
| 7914397490 | priming effect | the activation of certain associations, thus predisposing your perception, memory, or response Example: noticing a image or word later and slowly developing a question | 14 | |
| 7914397491 | difference threshold | the minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time | 15 | |
| 7914397492 | Weber's Law | The principle that, to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant percentage | 16 | |
| 7914397493 | sensory adaptation | diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation Example: Entering neighbors living room, sensing a musty smell | 17 | |
| 7914397494 | Why do we have sensory adaptation | To help sense an exposure | 18 | |
| 7914397495 | perceptual set | a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another Example: ghost adventures: when they tell you what they heard and how you assume that what the ghost said | 19 | |
| 7914397496 | parapsychology | the study of paranormal phenomena, including ESP and psychokinesis | 20 | |
| 7914397497 | Wavelength determines what? | The color we experience, such tulips, red petals | 21 | |
| 7914397498 | Hue | The dimension of color that is determined by the wavelength of light | 22 | |
| 7914397499 | Amplitude determines what? | Waves&Height | 23 | |
| 7914397500 | Intensity | The amount of energy in light waves or sound waves which we perceive as brightness or loudness. | 24 | |
| 7914397501 | Cornea | The clear tissue that covers the front of the eye. Protects the eyes and bend light to provide focus | 25 | |
| 7914397502 | pupil | the adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters | 26 | |
| 7914397503 | Iris | Colored part of the eye | 27 | |
| 7914397504 | lens | a transparent optical device used to converge or diverge transmitted light and to form images | 28 | |
| 7914397505 | Retina | A multilayer tissue on the eyeballs sensitive inner surface that contains sensory receptors that process visual information and sends it to the brain. | 29 | |
| 7914397506 | Rods | Detect Black and white & gray. Night vision | 30 | |
| 7914397507 | Cones | Specialized visual receptors that play a key role in daylight vision and color vision. | 31 | |
| 7914397508 | bipolar cells | second layer of neurons in the retina that transmit impulses from rods and cones to ganglion cells | 32 | |
| 7914397509 | ganglion cells | 3rd layer, specialized cells that make up the optic nerve, receive signals from bipolar cells | 33 | |
| 7914397510 | optic nerve | the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain | 34 | |
| 7914397511 | blind spot | the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye and no receptor cells are located there. | 35 | |
| 7914397512 | fovea | the central focal point in the retina, around which the eye's cones cluster | 36 | |
| 7914397513 | The optic nerve carries vision information to which part of the brain | Thalamus | 37 | |
| 7914397514 | feature detectors | nerve cells in the brain that respond to specific features of the stimulus, such as shape, angle, or movement | 38 | |
| 7914397515 | parallel processing | processing multiple types of information at the same time Example: Recognizing a friend as they come closer | 39 | |
| 7914397516 | Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory | theory that the retina contains different color receptors; red,green,blue | 40 | |
| 7914397517 | What causes color blindness? | Lack of chemical usually produce by 1 or more types of cones | 41 | |
| 7914397518 | opponent process theory | the theory that opposing retinal processes enable color vision | 42 | |
| 7914397519 | 3 sets of colors | Red-green, yellow-blue,white-black | 43 | |
| 7914397520 | Afterimages | Seeing the opponent color, after leaving the receptor cells | 44 | |
| 7914397521 | Gestalt | An organized whole | 45 | |
| 7914397522 | The truth about Gestalt principles? | Our brain does more than register information about the world | 46 | |
| 7914397523 | figure-ground | the organization of the visual field into objects that stand out from their surroundings | 47 | |
| 7914397524 | grouping | tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups | 48 | |
| 7914397525 | proximity | grouping nearby figures together | 49 | |
| 7914397526 | continuity | we perceive smooth, continuous patterns rather than discontinuous ones | 50 | |
| 7914397527 | closure | we fill in gaps to create a complete, whole object | 51 | |
| 7914397528 | depth perception | the ability to perceive the world in three dimensions | 52 | |
| 7914397529 | visual cliff | a laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals | 53 | |
| 7914397530 | binocular depth cues | stimuli that enable us to judge depth using both eyes | 54 | |
| 7914397531 | retinal disparity | difference between the images in each eye- image is in a slightly different place | 55 | |
| 7914397532 | monocular depth cues | cues of depth perception that are available to each eye alone | 56 | |
| 7914397533 | relative size | a monocular cue for perceiving depth; the smaller retinal image is farther away | 57 | |
| 7914397534 | Interposition | If one object partially blocks our view of another, we perceive it as closer | 58 | |
| 7914397535 | relative motion | as we move, objects that are actually stable may appear to move | 59 | |
| 7914397536 | linear perspective | the tendency for parallel lines to appear to converge on each other | 60 | |
| 7914397537 | light and shadow | shading produces a sense of depth consistent with our assumption that light comes from above | 61 | |
| 7914397538 | phi phenomenon | an illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in succession | 62 | |
| 7914397539 | perceptual constancy | perceiving objects as unchanging even as illumination and retinal images change Example: person walks away, their size decrease | 63 | |
| 7914397540 | color constancy | perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color Example: Black and blue dress vs white and gold dress | 64 | |
| 7914397541 | Example of size constancy | Seeing a car large enough to carry a lot of people even from a far distance | 65 | |
| 7914397542 | Example of shape constancy | Door | 66 | |
| 7914397543 | perceptual adaptation | in vision, the ability to adjust to an artificially displaced or even inverted visual field Example: Getting a new pair of glasses | 67 | |
| 7914397544 | audition | the sense of hearing | 68 | |
| 7914397545 | Amplitude determines what? | loudness | 69 | |
| 7914397546 | Frequency determines what? | Pitch | 70 | |
| 7914397547 | sound measured in? | Decibels | 71 | |
| 7914397548 | Outer Ear: Eardrum | tight membrane that vibrates with soundwaves | 72 | |
| 7914397549 | Middle ear: 3 bones in the middle ear | Pick up vibrating and transmit them to the cochlea | 73 | |
| 7914397550 | Inner Ear: Cochlea | Shaped tube in the inner ear. Incoming vibration caused the cochlea's membrane to vibrate, jostling the fluid that fills the tube | 74 | |
| 7914397551 | Difference between sensorineural hearing loss and conduction hearing loss? | Sensorineural hearing loss caused by damages to the cochlea's receptor cells or auditory nerves and conduction caused by damage to the mechinal system that conduct sound waves | 75 | |
| 7914397552 | How to fix hearing problems? Cochlear implant | A device for converting sounds into electrical signals& stimulation the auditory nerve electrodes threaded into the cochlea | 76 | |
| 7914397553 | How do we interpret loudness of a sound? | From the number of activate hair cells | 77 | |
| 7914397554 | place theory | the theory that links the pitch we hear with the place where the cochlea's membrane is stimulated | 78 | |
| 7914397555 | frequency theory | the rate of nerve impulses traveling up the auditory nerve matches the frequency of a tone | 79 | |
| 7914397556 | volley principle | neural cells alternate firing so combined frequency is that required | 80 | |
| 7914397557 | How do we locate the source of sounds? | Sound waves strike one ear sooner and more intensely than the other. Our nimble brain computes the sound's location | 81 | |
| 7914397558 | 4 distinct skin senses | pressure, warmth, cold, pain | 82 | |
| 7914397559 | Why do we need to feel pain? | Tell us something wrong, the effect of unchecked infection and injuries accumulate | 83 | |
| 7914397560 | gate-control theory of pain | The spinal cord contains a neurological "gate" that block pain signals or allow them to pass on to the brain. The "gate" is opened by the activity of pain signals traveling up small nerve fibers and is closed by activity in larger fibers or by information coming from the brain | 84 | |
| 7914397561 | What are phantom limb sensations | The brain create pain, misinterprets the spontaneous central neurons system activity that occurs in the absence of normal sensory | 85 | |
| 7914397562 | 2 examples of social-cultural influences of pain | Feeling empty at for another's pain | 86 | |
| 7914397563 | 4 basic tastes | sweet, sour, salty, bitter | 87 | |
| 7914397564 | Newest 5th basic taste? | Umami - proteins to grow and repair tissue | 88 | |
| 7914397565 | Scientific name for smell? | Olfaction | 89 | |
| 7914397566 | What part of the brain does smell bypass? | Brain sensory, thalamus | 90 | |
| 7914397567 | Kinesthesia | The system for sensing the position and movement of individual body parts | 91 | |
| 7914397568 | vestibular sense | the sense of body movement and position, including the sense of balance | 92 | |
| 7914397569 | Where is your equilibrium located? | Ear | 93 | |
| 7914397570 | sensory interaction | the principle that one sense may influence another, as when the smell of food influences its taste | 94 | |
| 7914397571 | embodied cognition | influence of bodily sensations, gestures, and other states on cognitive preferences and judgements | 95 |
