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| 441707992 | Radical Republicans | a small group (within Republican party) of men who thought that the federal government should be very tough with the South during Reconstruction to force it to change; they wanted more protection for freedmen and more guarantees that Confederate nationalism was completely eliminated. | |
| 441707993 | Ten Percent Plan | Lincoln- when 10% of the states population swore an oath of loyalty to the U.S. the state could form a new government, declare end of slavery and send representatives to Congress | |
| 441707994 | States Rights | Political position favoring the limitation of federal governments power and the greatest possible self-government by the individual state. | |
| 441707995 | Ku Klux Klan | A secret society organized in the south after the civil war to resurrect white supremacy by means of violence and intimidation. They used their violence by prevent African Americans to vote. | |
| 441707996 | 14th amendment | Constitutional amendment, ratification in1868, that extended citizenship to everyone born or naturalized in the U.S.,barred former rebels from holding state or federal office, and renounced responsibility for confederate debts. | |
| 441707997 | Edwin Stanton | Secretary of War appointed by Lincoln. President Andrew Johnson dismissed him in spite of the Tenure of Office Act, and as a result, Congress wanted Johnson's impeachment. | |
| 441707998 | Segregation | The separation of a race of class from the rest a race of class from the rest of society, such as separation of blacks from whites in most Southern school systems | |
| 441707999 | Whiskey Ring | Distillers and Revenue officials in St. Louis who were revealed in 1875 to have defrauded the government of millions of dollars in Whiskey taxes, with the collusion of federal officials | |
| 441708000 | 13th amendment | constitutional amendment ratified in 1865 that abolished slavery in the United States and its territories. | |
| 441708001 | Freedmen's Bureau | Federal agency set up in 1865 to provide food, schools, and medical care to freed slaves in the South. It also aided former slaves in their transition to freedom, especially by administering relief and sponoring education. | |
| 441708002 | Sharecropping | a system of farming in which landowners provided land, tool and supplies to grow crops and workers (usually freedpeople and poor whites) provided the labor; since the workers had to give most of the crops to the landowners, this system left many freedpeople and poor whites with a lot of debt | |
| 441708003 | Military Reconstruction Act | Divided the 10 confederate states into 5 military districts; each governered by a military commander authorized by congress to use military to protect life and property. | |
| 441708004 | Carpetbagger | Derogatory Southern term for the Northerners who came to the south after the civil war to take part in Reconstruction | |
| 441708005 | Indian Ring | Grant's Secretary of War, William W. Belknap was impeached for accepting bribes to award fraudulent contracts to companies wanting to do business on the Indian reservations. | |
| 441708006 | Black Codes | Laws passed by the southern states after the civil war to limit the freedoms of african americans and force them to return to agricultural labor. | |
| 441708007 | Civil Right Act of 1866 | It granted full citizenship to African Americans & gave the federal government the power to intervene to protect their rights. | |
| 441708008 | Tenure of Office Act | Specified that officials appointed with the senates consent were to remain in office until senate approved succesor. | |
| 441708009 | 15th amendment | Forbids any state to deny the right to vote on the basis of race, color, or previous condition of servitude or because a person use to be a slave. | |
| 441708010 | Scalawags | White southerners who aligned themselves with the republican party. | |
| 441708011 | Credit Mobilier Scandal | Company cedited to build the Union Pacific railroad. Sold shares cheaply to congressmen who approved federal subsides for railroad construction. | |
| 441708012 | Black Friday | New financers Jim Fisk and Jay Gould attempt to fraudulently corner the gold market. Grants brothe-in-law took bribes to make sure Grant didn't act against them. | |
| 441708013 | Panic of 1873 | -raises money question -debators seek inflationary monetary policy by continuing circulation of greenbacks -creditors intellectual support hard money | |
| 441708014 | Johnson's Plan | Reconstruction plan nicknamed "Restoration"; did not punish the South except for the rich & highest ranking Confederate officers; opposed equal rights for African Americans | |
| 441708015 | Election of 1876 | One of the closest elections in US History; caused the end of Reconstruction | |
| 441708016 | Samuel Tilden | Democratic presidential nominee during the Election of 1876; won 184 votes but ended up losing by 1 electoral vote | |
| 441708017 | Rutherford B. Hayes | man who became president after the Compromise of 1877, Republican | |
| 441708018 | Compromise of 1877 | The political compromise that gave Republican Rutherford B. Hayes the presidency in exchange for the withdrawal of all Federal troops from the Southern states. This agreement ended Reconstruction. Americans started to focus on other issues that were concerning america. | |
| 441708019 | poll tax | charging money in order to vote; used to prevent African-Americans from voting | |
| 441708020 | Impeachment | the process used by a legislative body [a group of people who make laws] to bring charges of wrongdoing against a public official | |
| 441708021 | Abraham Lincoln | Republican President of the United States at the beginning of Reconstruction, he wished to make the South's return to the Union as quick and easy as possible. |  |
| 441708022 | Andrew Johnson | 17th President of the United States, a Democratic, who took over after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln; he favored a lenient Reconstruction policy, supported states' rights, and opposed African American equality. Impeached by the House of Representatives, but was found not guilty by a single vote in the Senate. |  |
| 441708023 | Ulysses S Grant | Civil War hero and the 18th President of the United States, a Republican, whose Reconstruction efforts were undermined by corruption within his administration. |  |
| 441708024 | Rutherford B. Hayes | The 19th President of the United States, a Republican, whose election brought an end to Reconstruction. |  |
| 441708025 | Radical Reconstruction | Period after the Civil War when the Republicans had the majority in Congress. As a result more African Americans voted in upcoming elections. |
