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| 13863563522 | Statism | The idea that the rights of a nation are supreme over the rights of the individuals who make up the nation | 0 | |
| 13863579904 | Plurality | Candidate or party with the most votes cast in an election, not necessarily more than half | 1 | |
| 13863589173 | Annapolis Convention | A convention held in 1786 to consider problems of trade and navigation, attended by five states and important because it issued the call to Congress and the states for what became the Constitutional Convention | 2 | |
| 13863607916 | Bicameralism | Principle of a two-house legislature | 3 | |
| 13863613160 | Virginia Plan | Proposal at Constitutional Convention that provided for a strong central government with a bicameral legislature dominated by the big states | 4 | |
| 13863622435 | New Jersey Plan | Proposal for a central government with a single-house legislature in which each state would be represented equally | 5 | |
| 13863637980 | Connecticut Compromise | Compromise that provided for a bicameral legislature with a lower house in which representation would be based on population and an upper house in which state would have two senators | 6 | |
| 13863652475 | Three-fifths compromise | Compromise at CC in which slaves are three fifths of the majority and would be counted for taxation and representation | 7 | |
| 13863673136 | Initiative | Procedure whereby a certain number of voters may, by petition, propose a law or constitutional amendment and have it submitted by voters | 8 | |
| 13863683115 | Referendum | Procedure for submitting to popular vote measures passed by the legislature or proposed amendments to the state constitution | 9 | |
| 13863700819 | Writ of mandamus | Court order directing an official to perform an official duty | 10 | |
| 13863703935 | Executive order | Directive issued by a president or governor that has the force of law | 11 | |
| 13863709672 | Executive privilege | The power to keep executive communications confidential, especially when they relate to national security | 12 | |
| 13863725349 | Impoundment | Presidential refusal to allow an agency to spend the funds that Congress authorized or approved (PROHIBITED NOW) | 13 | |
| 13863747918 | Express powers | Powers the Constitution specifically grants to one of the branches of government | 14 | |
| 13863751875 | Implied powers | Powers inferred from the express powers that allow Congress to carry out its functions | 15 | |
| 13863759782 | Necessary and Proper Clause | Clause of the Constitution setting forth the implied powers of Congress. (Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3) | 16 | |
| 13863769745 | Inherent Powers | Powers of the national government in foreign affairs that the Supreme Court has declared do not depend on constitutional grants but rather grow out of the very existence of the national government | 17 | |
| 13863783345 | Commerce Clause | Article 1, Section 8, Clause 1. Congress has ability to regulate business activities that cross state lines or affect more than one state or other nations | 18 | |
| 13863793795 | Federal Mandate | A requirement that the federal government imposes as a condition for receiving federal funds | 19 | |
| 13863806293 | Full faith and credit clause | Clause in Article 4, Section 1 that requires each state to recognize the civil judgments rendered by the courts of the other states and to accept their public records as valid | 20 | |
| 13863821311 | Preemption | The right of a federal law or a regulation to preclude enforcement of a state or local law or regulation | 21 | |
| 13863841602 | Pluralism | A theory of government that holds that open, multiple, and competing groups can check the asserted power by any one group | 22 | |
| 13863855783 | Amicus curae brief | 23 | ||
| 13863858331 | Issue Network | Relationships amongst interest groups, congressional committees and subcommittees, and the government agencies that share common policy concerns | 24 | |
| 13863868671 | Soft money (PAC) | 25 | ||
| 13863884370 | Patronage | The dispensing of government jobs to persons who belong to the winning political party | 26 | |
| 13863893492 | Caucus | Meeting of local party members to choose party officials or candidates for public office and to decide the platform | 27 | |
| 13863909404 | Dealignment | Weakening of partisan preferences that points to a rejection of both major parties and a rise in the number of independents | 28 | |
| 13863929069 | Coattail effect | Boost that candidates may get in an election because of the popularity of candidates above them on the ballot, especially the president | 29 | |
| 13863953306 | Reapportionment | Assigning by Congress of Congressional seats after each census. | 30 | |
| 13863963548 | Enumerated Powers | Powers expressly given to Congress in Constitution | 31 | |
| 13864005212 | Means-tested entitlements | programs such as medicaid and welfare under which applicants must meet eligibility requirements based on need | 32 | |
| 13864016042 | unfunded mandates | 33 | ||
| 13864024479 | regressive tax | tax whereby people with lower incomes pay higher fraction of their income relatively | 34 | |
| 13864031327 | progressive tax | richer people pay more of their income comparatively | 35 | |
| 13864039734 | monetary policy | money supply | 36 | |
| 13864053995 | exclusionary rule | 37 | ||
| 13864062108 | prior restraint | censorship imposed before a speech is made or a newspaper is published; usually assumed to be unconstitutional | 38 | |
| 13864078790 | clear and present danger test | free speech | 39 | |
| 13864082751 | free exercise | of religion | 40 | |
| 13864082752 | establishment clause | no state and church | 41 | |
| 13864085869 | selective incorporation | process by which provisions of the bill of rights are brought within the scope of the 14th amendment and so applied to state and local governments | 42 | |
| 13864097501 | bill attainder | legislative act inflicting punishment without trial (unconstitutional) | 43 | |
| 13864106084 | ex post facto laws | unconstitutional retroactive laws | 44 | |
| 13864113883 | writ of habeas corpus | a formal write used to explain to a judge why a prisoner is being held in custody | 45 | |
| 13864120266 | stare decisis | precedent stands | 46 | |
| 13864125778 | senatorial courtesy | presidential custom of submitting the names of prospective appointees for approval to senators from the states in which the appointees are to work | 47 | |
| 13864139294 | administrative discretion | ability given to federal bureaucrats to use reasonable judgement in enforcing the laws | 48 | |
| 13864145196 | hatch act | federal employees no politics | 49 | |
| 13864188821 | independent regulatory commission | a government agency or commission with regulatory power whose independence is protected by congress | 50 | |
| 13864195928 | independent agency | a government entity that is independent of the three branches | 51 | |
| 13864214976 | Take Care clause | pres has to take care of laws faithfully even if disagrees | 52 | |
| 13864222994 | discharge petition | petition that can take a bill from committee and present it on the floor | 53 | |
| 13864227302 | logrolling | mutual aid and vote trading among legislators | 54 | |
| 13864233233 | trustee | general rep, own judgement (delegate MUST use judgement of constituents) | 55 | |
| 13864242740 | earmarks | special spending projects that are set aside on behalf of certain members of congress for their constituents | 56 | |
| 13864254529 | standing committee | permanent committee established in a legislature, usually focusing on a policy area | 57 | |
| 13864260221 | cloture | procedure for terminating a debate | 58 | |
| 13864263489 | hold | temporarily blocks consideration of bill or nomination | 59 | |
| 13864281303 | linkage institutions | means by which individuals can express preferences regarding the development of public policy | 60 | |
| 13864290586 | block grants | broad state grants with few strings attached | 61 | |
| 13864335000 | cooperative federalism | 62 |
