Questions & answers to yellow review sheet handed out in class, March 1.
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| 55618019 | Identify two seeds that led to the Cold War. | Lack of agreement on how to handle Germany at the Yalta conference; Stalin's suspicions of Churchill & Roosevelt developed at Yalta; Roosevelt refuses to open a second front in Europe, angering Stalin; Soviet Russia is angered by the United States developing the atomic bomb. | 0 | |
| 55618020 | Iron Curtain | The "Iron Curtain" refers to the ideological boundary between the NATO associated countries & those associated with Warsaw; this boundary was in effect from 1945 to the end of the Cold War in 1991. | 1 | |
| 55618021 | Containment | A United States military policy that strategically battled communism by keeping it "contained" to the countries in which it was already the prominent political structure. It was intended to enhance America's security & foreign influence, as well as prevent a "domino effect" of communism takeover. The policy was established by U.S. diplomat George F. Kennan. | 2 | |
| 55618022 | Satellite Country | This term refers to countries that are formally independent, but under heavy influence or control by another country. The Soviet Union had six satellite countries which can be remembered by the pneumonic "Hungry Children Eat Green Beans (&) Rice Pudding": Hungary, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Bulgaria, Romania, Poland. | 3 | |
| 55618023 | Cold War | A war between the United States & Soviet Russia from 1945 to 1991; more of a space race than a real war, it is called the "cold" war because it never became "hot" or vio | 4 | |
| 55618024 | George Kennan | American diplomat who developed the concept of "containment"; his ideas inspired the Truman doctrine, however once containment was put into effect, he began criticizing the policy. | 5 | |
| 55618025 | "Fair Deal" | September 1945, Truman addresses Congress & presents a twenty-one point program of domestic legislation to improve economic & social conditions in America; Medicare, Social Security Act of 1950, Housing Act of 1949; faced opposition from Republicans | 6 | |
| 55618026 | Liberation | Preached by John Foster Dulles; suggested freeing the countries behind the Iron Curtain & lifting the Curtain permanently; grouped with several other points of policy including brinkmanship & massive retaliation. | 7 | |
| 55618027 | John Foster Dulles | Secretary of State under Eisenhower from 1953 to 1959; advocated an aggressive stance against communism; pioneer of liberation, brinkmanship, & massive retaliation. | 8 | |
| 55618028 | Julius & Ethel Rosenberg | American communists executed in 1953 for conspiracy to commit espionage; convicted for the alleged relay of the United States' national security policies to the Soviet Union. | 9 | |
| 55618029 | Sputnik | The first human made object to orbit the earth; launched on October 4, 1957; Soviet satellite; caused great fear in America. | 10 | |
| 55618030 | Brown v. The Board of Education | Rules that segregation is illegal & unconstitutional; 1957; overturns Plessey v. Ferguson (1896). | 11 | |
| 55618031 | Six satellite countries | "Hungry Children Eat Green Beans (&) Rice Pudding": Hungary, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Bulgaria, Romania, Poland. | 12 | |
| 55618032 | Year that China fell to communism | October 10, 1949 | 13 | |
| 55618033 | Dates of the Korean War | June 25, 1950 to July 27, 1953 | 14 | |
| 55960149 | Truman Doctrine | Speech made by Truman outlining the United State's new policies to battle communism & the Soviet Union: described the need for George Kennan's containment theory, granted $300 million to Greece to avoid its fall to communism, & delivered an aircraft carrier plus $100 million & military assistance to Turkey; passed into law on May 22, 1947. | 15 | |
| 55960150 | Reason for the Berlin Aircraft | Sovient Union blocks the United States railways and roads access to areas of Berlin under their control; Soviets hope to gain the right to provide the city with fuel, food, and other supplies which would essentially give them control of the entire city; in response, Allies airlift 4000 tons/day to citizens, and eventually Soviets are forced to lift the blockade. | 16 | |
| 55960151 | Marshall Plan | United States policy designed to rebuild the post WWII economies of European countries, in the hopes of combating communism; named after Secretary of State George Marshall. | 17 | |
| 55960152 | Point Four Program | Program to provide economic aid to poor countries; announced by Truman in his inaugural speech in 1949; fourth point in his foreign policy goals. | 18 | |
| 55960153 | NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization; collective defense similar to that outlined in Article X of the League of Nations; signed in April 1949. | 19 | |
| 55960154 | Explain at least two reasons for the rise of McCarthyism in the United States after WWII. | RED SCARE: spread of communism in the United States; FEAR OF ESPIONAGE: the Rosenbergs. | 20 | |
| 55960155 | Explain how the fifties were bot an age of conformity and an age of rebellion. | CONFORMITY: nationwide television unifies & uniforms the country, everyone listens to the same music, everyone wears the same clothes, suburbia regulates everything, consumerism; REBELLION: rock & roll, civil rights, beatniks. | 21 | |
| 55960156 | Define: Moderate Republican | "Strong on defense, fiscally conservative, socially moderate." | 22 | |
| 55960157 | Compare and Contrast Truman & Eisenhower. | TRUMAN: containment, fair deal, took the lead in desegregation by creating a commission to investigate civil rights & passing desegregation & voting & fair employment laws & desegregating the military; EISENHOWER: liberation & massive retaliation, conservative & pro-laissez yet continued fair deal by expanding Social Security & built highway system & created dept. of health/education/welfare, believed that civil rights should be left up to the individual states & did not become actively involved until Little Rock crisis | 23 | |
| 55960158 | President from 1901 to 1909. | T. Roosevelt | 24 | |
| 55960159 | President from 1909 to 1913. | W. Taft | 25 | |
| 55960160 | President from 1913 to 1921. | W. Wilson | 26 | |
| 55960161 | President from 1921 to 1923. | W. Harding | 27 | |
| 55960162 | President from 1923 to 1929 | C. Coolidge | 28 | |
| 55960163 | President from 1929 to 1933. | H. Hoover | 29 | |
| 55960164 | President from 191933 to 1945. | F. Roosevelt | 30 | |
| 55960165 | President from 1945 to 1953. | H.S. Truman | 31 | |
| 55960166 | President from 1953 to 1961. | D.D. Eisenhower | 32 | |
| 55960167 | President from 1961 to 1963. | J.F. Kennedy | 33 | |
| 55960168 | *Dates of the Spanish American War. | April to August 1898 | 34 | |
| 55960169 | *Year that WWI began. | 1914 | 35 | |
| 55960170 | *Year that the United States entered WWI. | 1917 | 36 | |
| 55960171 | *Year that WWI ended. | 1918 | 37 | |
| 55960172 | *Year of the Stock Market Crash. | 1929 | 38 | |
| 55960173 | *Actual date of Pearl Harbor. | December 7, 1941 | 39 | |
| 55960174 | *Year that Poland was invaded by Germany, launching WWII. | 1939 | 40 | |
| 55960175 | *Year that WWII ended. | 1945 | 41 | |
| 55960176 | *Year of the Brown v. Board of Education ruling. | 1954 | 42 | |
| 55960177 | *Year of Sputnik's successful launch. | 1957 | 43 |
