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AP Statistics Unit 1 Flashcards

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7392331072variableholds information about the same characteristic for many subjects0
7392331073categorical variablewhere the data collected places the individuals in various categories or groups1
7392331074quantitative variablewhere the data collected is numerical and it makes sense to use it for numerical operations2
7392331075frequency tablelists the categories for a categorical variable and displays the counts for each category3
7392331076relative frequency tablelists the categories for a categorical variable and displays the percenatges for each category4
7392331077distributiondescribes how a quantitative variable behaves. Generally include shape, center, spread, & unusual features.5
7392331078bar charta display for categorical data that uses bar height to represent counts or percentages for each category6
7392331080histograma display for quantitative data that uses adjacent bars to represent counts or percentages of values falling in each interval7
7392331081stem & leaf or stemplota display for quantitative data that uses place values to reprensent the distributions8
7392331082dotplota display for either kind of data that uses a dot to represent each individual in the data set9
7392331083measures of centermean for distributions that are symmetric, median for all other distribution shapes10
7392331084measures of spreadstandard deviation for distributions that are symmetric, IQR for all other distribution shapes11
7392331085uniform distributiona distribution whose shape is evenly distributed throughout the values it takes12
7392331086symmetric distributiona distribution whose shape is unimodal and each side is roughly a mirror image of the other13
7392331087left skewed distributiona distribution that has a concentration of data on the upper end and the tail on the left14
7392331088right skewed distributiona distribution with a concentration of data on the lower end and the tail on the right15
7392331089outliersvalues that fall outside the overall pattern of the data16
7392331090meanthe average of the data values17
7392331091medianthe value in the center of an ordered data set18
7392331092rangethe maximum data value minus the minimum data value19
7392331093first quartilethe value where 25 % of the data fall below it in an ordered list20
7392331094third quartilethe value where 75% of the data falls below it in an ordered list21
7392331095Interquartile Range (IQR)the third quartile minus the first quartile22
7392331096percentilethe place in the data where a certain percentage of the data falls below that value23
73923310975 number summaryincludes the minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, & the maximum24
7392331098modified boxplota display for quantitative data that graphs the five-number summary on an axis and shows outliers of they exist25
7392331099variancethe standard deviation squared, it is a measure of spread26
7392331100advantage of stemplotretains the actual data values from the data set27
7392331101advantage of histogrameasy to see shape of distribution & good for large data sets28
7392331102resistantvalues that are not strongly affected by extreme values, the median is more resistant that the mean. The standard deviation is most strongly affected by extreme values29
7392388732Explanatory VariableA variable that helps explain or influences changes in a response variable.30
7392396594Response VariableA variable that measures an outcome of a study.31
7392400673Conditional DistributionDeals with the rows inside the table32
7392403073Pie Graphused to show parts of a whole33
7392408035Bar Grapha graph that uses vertical or horizontal bars to show comparisons among two or more items34
7392411882Segmented Bar GraphUsed to compare the distribution of a categorical variable in each of several groups.35
7392414932HistogramA graph of vertical bars representing the frequency distribution of a set of data.36
7392417655Box and whisker plotshows the variability of a data set using quartiles37
7392425634Measure of centerMean - Is not resistant to extreme values Median - Is resistant to extreme values38
7392429569Measures of SpreadRange - not resistant to extremes Standard Deviation - Not resistant to extremes IQR - Is resistant to extremes39
7392432202SOCSS - Shape O - Outliers C - Center S - Spread40
7392436050Standard Deviationa computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score41

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