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AP Terminology-Language and Conposition Flashcards

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14002398864Abstract LanguageLanguage describing ideas and qualities rather than observable or specific things, people, or places0
14002398865AllegoryA story in which people, places, and things represent general concept or moral qualities1
14002398866AllusionA direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known that, but, math, place, or work of art2
14002398867AmbiguityThe multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, I have a word, phrase, sentence, or passage3
14002398868AnalogyA similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them4
14002398869AnecdoteEvery brief recounting of a relevant episode, like a little example story5
14002398870AnnotationExplanatory notes added to a text to explain, cite resources, or give bibliographical data6
14002398871AnticlimaxA sudden drop from the dignified or important in thought or expression to the common place or trivial, option for humorous effect7
14002398872AntithesisA balancing of two opposite or contrasting words, phrases, or clauses8
14002398873AphorismA short saying of known authorship which expresses a general truth or moral principle9
14002398874AppealsVarious ways in which a writer of persuasion or argument attempt to sway his audience to convince them to see in degree with his point10
14002398875Appeal to AuthorityThe citation of information from people recognized for their special knowledge of a subject for the purpose of strengthening a speaker or writer's argument11
14002398876ArchaicOld fashioned12
14002398877ArchetypeA perfect example; an original pattern or model13
14002398878AristotelianLogos, ethos, and pathos14
14002398879LogosAppeals to the head using that logic, numbers, explanations, and facts15
14002398880EthosAppeals to the conscience, ethics, morals, standards, values, principles16
14002398881PathosAppeals to the heart, emotions, sympathy, passions, sentimentality17
14002398882AssertionA declaration or statement18
14002398883AtmosphereThe emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the authors choice of objects that are described19
14002398884AudienceWho a writer writes for; knowing the audience is imperative; it is almost as important as what is written20
14002398885AuthortyArguments that draw on recognized experts or persons with highly religious spirits are said to rest on authoritative backing or authority21
14002398886BiasPrejudice or just position toward one side of a subject or issue22
14002398887BombastLanguage that is overly pompous23
14002398888CharactersTypes of characters are (1) round characters-complex, multi-faceted (2) flat character- one-dimensional (3) static characters- do not change during the course of a work (4) dynamic charters- do change during the course of a work24
14002398889CharacterizationThe method used by a writer to develop a character25
14002398890Chronological orderingArrangement in the order in which things occur26
14002398891ClaimA declaration or statement27
14002398892ColloquialThe use of slang or informalities in speech or writing28
14002398893CommentaryWhen writing essays, you must supply the commentary, i.e. your analysis of your quote, example, etc.29
14002398894ConcedeTo agree30
14002398895Conceit/Extended metaphorAnd extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects. A conceit displays intellectual cleverness due to the unusual comparison being made.31
14002398896Concrete LanguageLanguage that describes specific, observable things, people or places, rather than ideas or qualities32
14002398897ConnotationRather than the dictionary definition, the associations suggested by a word33
14002398898ContextOccasion, time, or place of a work34
14002398899ConventionalFollowing certain conventions, or traditional techniques of writing35
14002398900CounterpointsContrasting ideas such as black/white, darkness/light, good/bad36
14002398901DenotationThe strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color37
14002398902DictionRelated to style, diction refers to the writer's word choices, especially wit regard to their corrections, clearness, or effectiveness38
14002398903DidacticA term used to describe fiction or nonfiction that teaches a specific lesson or moral or provides a model of correct behavior or thinking39
14002398904DigressionA temporary departure from the main subject in speaking or writing40
14002398905DiscourseExpressing oneself; formal and orderly expression of thought on a subject41
14002398906DocumentationGiving credit to the sources of your information in a speech or essay42
14002398907Emotional AppealWhen a writer appeals to readers' emotions to excite and involve them in argument43
14002398908EssayA short, personal literary composition dealing with a single topic44
14002398909Ethical AppealWhen a writer tries to persuade the audience to respect and believe him based on presentation of image of self through the text45
14002398910EuphemismFrom the Greek for "good speech"; more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word of concept46
14002398911ExampleAn individual instance taken to be representative of a general pattern47
14002398912ExpositionBackground information provided by a writer to enhance a reader's understanding of the context of a fictional or nonfictional story; writing that explains, informs, or presents information48
14002398913Figurative Language and Figure of SpeechA word or words that are inaccurate literally, but describe by calling to mind sensations or responses that the thing describe evokes49
14002398914FlashbackAction that interrupts to show an event that happened at an earlier time which is necessary to better understanding50
14002398915GenreA category or type of writing51
14002398916HomilyAny serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice52
14002398917HyperboleConscious exaggeration used to heighten effect53
14002398918ImageA word or words, either figurative or literal, used to describe a sensory experience54
14002398919ImageryUse of images, especially in a pattern of related images, often figurative, to create a strong, unified sensory impression; language that evokes one or all of the five senses55
14002398920InvectiveAn emotional violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language56
14002398921Inversion/Inverted Syntax or Sentence OrderVariation of the normal word order which puts a modifier or the verb as first in the sentence thus emphasize the element appearing first57
14002398922IronyContrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant, the difference between what appears to be and what is actually true58
14002398923Verbal IronyThe words literally state the opposite of he author's or writer's true meaning59
14002398924Situational IronyEvents turn out the opposite of what was expected60
14002398925Dramatic IronyFacts or events are unknown to the character but known to the reader, audience, or other characters in their work61
14002398926JuxapositionPlacement of two things side by side for emphasis62
14002398927LiteralNot figurative; accurate to the letter; matter of fact or concrete63
14002398928MetonomyA Greek term from meaning "substitute name," a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it64
14002398929ForeshadowingThe use of hints or clues to suggest what will happen later in literature65

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