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| assigning human qualities to inanimate objects or concepts. Wordsworth's "the sea that bares her bosom to the moon." | ||
| the presentation of two contrasting ideas. The ideas are balanced by phrase, clause, or paragraphs. "To be or not to be . . ." "It was the best of times; it was the worst of times . . ." "Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country . . ." | ||
| a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms. "jumbo shrimp" and "cruel kindness." | ||
| bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something. It may use verbal irony as a device. | ||
| Part as representative of the whole. "All hands on deck" | ||
| deliberate exaggeration or overstatement | ||
| The central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life. Usually unstated in fictional works, but in nonfiction may be directly stated, especially in expository or argumentative writing. | ||
| A type of metaphor in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. "The White House declared," from the Greek meaning "changed label" or "substitute name" | ||
| A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity. "I'm not young enough to know everything." | ||
| a figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words. Simple examples include such words as buzz, hiss, hum. | ||
| a comparison of two unlike things, not using like or as. "Your eyes are stars" | ||
| Anything that represents, stands for, something else. Usually concrete—such as an object, action, character, or scene—that represents something more abstract. | ||
| the opposite of exaggeration. It is a technique for developing irony and/or humor where one writes or says less than intended. | ||
| a more acceptable and usually more pleasant way of saying something that might be inappropriate or uncomfortable. "He went to his final reward" for "he died." | ||
| A work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and convention for reform or ridicule. | ||
| The repetition of sounds at the beginning of words, such as "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers." | ||
| an appeal based on the character/reputation/ credibility of the speaker. | ||
| a type of irony in which events turn out the opposite of what was expected. | ||
| an appeal based on emotion. | ||
| an appeal based on logic or reason | ||
| In this type of irony, the words literally state the opposite of the writer's true meaning | ||
| A story or brief episode told by the writer or a character to illustrate a point. | ||
| the literal or dictionary meaning of a word | ||
| In this type of irony, facts or events are unknown to a character in a play or a piece of fiction but known to the reader, audience, or other characters in the work | ||
| A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. | ||
| the feelings or emotions surrounding/associated with a word, beyond its literal meaning. Generally positive or negative in nature. | ||
| The duplication, either exact or approximate, or any element of language, such as sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern. | ||
| The grammatical structure of prose and poetry. | ||
| Two definitions/uses. One refers to the total "sound" of the writer's style.The second refers to the relationship between a sentence's subject and verb (active and passive). | ||
| The person or voice assumed to be talking in writing or book you are reading |
