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| 4841272375 | amino acid | The monomer group for proteins and the nitrogen bases in DNA | 0 | |
| 4841272376 | carbohydrate | The most basic biomolecule, used for quick energy, composed of a 1:2:1 ratio of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen. Examples: Sugar and starches | 1 | |
| 4841272377 | cholesterol | A type of lipid formed from a 3- 6 carbon rings attached to 1 5-carbon ring and a carbon chain. | 2 | |
| 4841272378 | glycerol | A monomer group of lipids. Forms the backbone for both fatty lipids and phospholips. | 3 | |
| 4841272379 | lipid | A biomolecule, used for long term energy, mostly composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen with a greater than 1:2:1 ration for Hydrogen. Examples: Fat, Cholesterol, and Phospholipids. | 4 | |
| 4841272380 | monomer | A basic building block of an object. It can be combined with other monomers to create polymers. | 5 | |
| 4841272381 | monosaccharide | A single sugar molecule. Mono means "one" or "single" and saccharide means "sugar" | 6 | |
| 4841272382 | nucleic acid | A biomolecule composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorous. Makes up DNA, RNA, and ATP. | 7 | |
| 4841272383 | polymer | A group of two or more monomers. | 8 | |
| 4841272384 | polypeptide | Also known as a protein. A string of amino acids. They make up all living matter. Examples: Muscle, Cell Walls, Bone, and Enzymes | 9 | |
| 4841272385 | polysaccharide | A group of two or more monosaccharides. Examples: Starch, Glycogen, and Cellulose, | 10 | |
| 4841272386 | protein | Also know as polypeptides. A string of amino acids. They make up all living matter. Examples: Muscle, Cell Walls, Bone, and Enzymes | 11 | |
| 4841272387 | starch | A polysaccharide. Example: Pastas and cereals. | 12 | |
| 4841272388 | ATP | Adenosine triphosphate. A nucleic acid that is responsible for cellular energy. Used throughout the body, it contains 3 phosphate groups. | 13 | |
| 4841272389 | Enzyme (Catalyst) | A protein that speeds up a reaction by lowering activation energy and is not destroyed. | 14 | |
| 4841272390 | DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid. A nucleic acid that carries genetic information for reproduction and protein synthesis. | 15 | |
| 4841272391 | Nucleotide | The monomer of Nucleic Acids. It is comprised of three subunits; a 5 carbon sugar (or pentose sugar), a nitrogen base, and a phosphorous group. | 16 | |
| 4841272392 | Peptide bond | A covalent bond between two amino acids making a polypeptide or protein. | 17 | |
| 4841272393 | RNA | Ribonucleic acid. A nucleic acid that is used in the transcription and tranlation of proteins from DNA. | 18 | |
| 4841272394 | Substrate | The molecule or molecules that connect to the active site of an enzyme to be broken down or combined. | 19 | |
| 4841272395 | Lock-and-Key | A reference used for proteins when describing how each unique shape determines that particular protein's function. | 20 | |
| 4841305454 | Acid | A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. | 21 | |
| 4841307259 | Alkaline (Basic) | A substance thatreduces the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. | 22 | |
| 4841307260 | Amino (group) | An elemental grouping of a nitrogen with 2 hydrogen. It can act like a base. ( -NH2) | 23 | |
| 4841308455 | Amphipathic | Containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions. | 24 | |
| 4841308456 | Atom | The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. | 25 | |
| 4841308457 | Carbonyl (group) | An elemental grouping of a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom. Aldahyde has this at the end of the molecule, Ketones are in the middle. (-C=O) | 26 | |
| 4841309755 | Carboxyl (group) | An elemental grouping of a carbon atom with a double bond to one oxygen and another single bond to a hydroxyl group. (O=C-OH) | 27 | |
| 4841309756 | Cellulose | A complex sugar (polysaccharide) found in plant cell walls. | 28 | |
| 4841309757 | Compound | A combination of two or more elements in a fixed ratio. | 29 | |
| 4841313126 | Covalent Bond | A strong chemical bond where two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons. | 30 | |
| 4841313127 | Dehydration Synthesis | The formation of a covalent bond by removal of water. A primary example is the creation of a polysaccharide from monosaccharides. | 31 | |
| 4841313128 | Disaccharide | The combination of two saccharides. The most common example is sucrose (table sugar), which combines a fructose and glucose molecule. | 32 | |
| 4841313983 | Electron | One of three particles in an element. It has a negative charge and orbits outside of the nucleus with an atomic weight of 0.00054. | 33 | |
| 4841313984 | Ester Bond (Ester linkage) | The covalent bond of the carboxyl acid end of a fatty acid to the glycerol head in a lipid biomolecule. Formed by dehydration synthesis. | 34 | |
| 4841315174 | Glucose | A monomer of carbohydrates. | 35 | |
| 4841315175 | Glycogen | A polysaccharide, most commonly found in animals and fungi. | 36 | |
| 4841315176 | Glycosidic Linkage | A covalent bond formed by dehydration synthesis which combines saccharides to build complex chains or polysaccharides. | 37 | |
| 4841316407 | Fructose | A monomer of carbohydrates. | 38 | |
| 4841316408 | Hydrogen Bond | A weak bond formed between the slightly positive Hydrogen atom and nearby slightly negative Oxygen atom of two water molecules. | 39 | |
| 4841317902 | Hydrolysis | The addition of water to break apart molecules. | 40 | |
| 4841317903 | Hydrophobic | Water fearing. i.e. Repels water. | 41 | |
| 4841317904 | Hydrophilic | Water loving. i.e. Attracts water. | 42 | |
| 4841367017 | Hydroxyl (group) | An elemental grouping of an Oxygen and Hydrogen. Soluble in water and referred to as alcohols. (-OH) | 43 | |
| 4841367018 | Ionic Bond | A bond with complete transfer of valence electrons creating positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions) which then group together due to opposite charges. | 44 | |
| 4841367874 | Isotope | One of several forms of an element, each with a different mass due to a different number of neutrons. E.g. carbon - 12, carbon - 13, and carbon - 14. | 45 | |
| 4841367875 | Nonpolar Covalent | A covalent bond where the electrons are equally shared giving no unequal electrical charges to the molecule. | 46 | |
| 4841368931 | pH scale | The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral, less than 7 is acidic, while over 7 is basic. | 47 | |
| 4841368932 | Phosphate (group) | An elemental grouping of Phosphorous and 4 Oxygen. | 48 | |
| 4841369856 | Polar | Having an uneven charge across a single molecule, such as one end being slightly negative while the other is slightly positive. | 49 | |
| 4841369857 | Polar Covalent | A covalent bond where the electrons are not equally shared giving unequal electrical charges to regions of the molecule. | 50 | |
| 4841371270 | Polyunsaturated (fat) | Lipids in which the hydrocarbon chain possesses two or more carbon-carbon double bonds. This can be found mostly in nuts, seeds, fish, algae, leafy greens, and krill. "Unsaturated" refers to the fact that the molecules contain less than the maximum amount of hydrogen. Considered good fat, it is liquid at room temperature. | 51 | |
| 4841371271 | Saturated (fat) | A lipid that has no carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. Contained in cheese, butter, fatty meats, coconut oil and palm kernel oil. Many prepared foods are high in saturated fat content, such as pizza, dairy desserts, and sausage. This is the fat that is typically considered bad for you and it is usually solid at room temperature. | 52 | |
| 4841371272 | Steroid | A form of lipid that includes cholesterol, estrogen and testosterone. Formed by 4 carbon rings (3 - six sided and 1 - five sided) and an attached carbon chain. | 53 | |
| 4841372848 | Sulfhydryl (group) | An elemental grouping of an attached Sulfur and Hydrogen. ( -SH) | 54 | |
| 4841372849 | Trace elements | Elements essential for life but take up less than 1% of the human body. | 55 | |
| 4841372850 | Unsaturated (fat) | A lipid that has one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. A fat molecule is monounsaturated if it contains one double bond, and polyunsaturated if it contains more than one double bond. Usually liquid at room temperature. | 56 | |
| 4841373873 | Van der Waals Interaction | A weak chemical bond between elements from localized charges. Essentially hydrogen bonds without the hydrogen. | 57 | |
| 4841379412 | Inorganic | Not derived from living matter. Eg. Compounds without carbon. | 58 | |
| 4841379413 | Ion | A charged molecule. Positive or negative ions. | 59 | |
| 4841379414 | Neutron | One of three particles in an element. It has no charge and is in the nucleus with an atomic weight of 1.0. | 60 | |
| 4841379415 | Organic | Derived from living matter. Eg. Compounds with carbon. | 61 | |
| 4841379416 | Phospholipid | A lipid that makes up cellular membranes comprised of a glycerol, two fatty acid chains and a phosphorous group. | 62 | |
| 4841379417 | Proton | One of three particles in an element. It has a positive charge and is in the nucleus with an atomic weight of 1.0. | 63 | |
| 4841437127 | Cation | A positively charged ion. | 64 | |
| 4841437128 | Anion | A negatively charged ion. | 65 |
