AP US Government vocabulary terms
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| 7632928135 | Judiciary | The branch of government comprising the courts and judges who preside over them | 0 | |
| 7632928136 | US Supreme Court | High Court with a limited original jurisdiction whose decisions may not be appealed; it serves as the court of last resort in the US judiciary | 1 | |
| 7632928137 | Marbury V Madison | The 1803 Supreme Court case that established the power of judicial review | 2 | |
| 7632928138 | Judicial review | Court authority to determine that an action taken by any government official or governing body violates the Constitution | 3 | |
| 7632928139 | Circuit courts | Also known as courts of appeals; The middle level in the federal court structure | 4 | |
| 7632928140 | Courts of Appeals | Intermediate appellate courts in the federal system that review the application of law in previous decisions made by courts in the federal or state judicial system | 5 | |
| 7632928145 | Stare decisis | From the Latin "let the decision stand" the principle that binds judges to rely upon the holdings of past judges and deciding cases | 6 | |
| 7632928146 | Precedent | Legal authority established by earlier cases | 7 | |
| 7632928147 | Constitutional law | The body of law that comes out of the courts in cases involving the interpretation of the Constitution | 8 | |
| 7632928148 | Statute | A law enacted by Congress or by state legislators to deal with particular issues or problems, sometimes more detailed and comprehensive than the common law | 9 | |
| 7632928149 | Dual court system | The two-part judicial system such as that of the United States, which has both federal and state courts | 10 | |
| 7632928150 | Jurisdiction | The power of a court to hear a case and to resolve it, given to a court by either constitution or a statute | 11 | |
| 7632928151 | Federal question | A question of law based on interpretation of the US Constitution, federal laws, or treaties | 12 | |
| 7632928152 | Original jurisdiction | The power of a court to hear a case first, before other courts have decided it | 13 | |
| 7632928153 | Appellate jurisdiction | The authority of a court to review the application or interpretation of the law and previous decisions reached by another court in a case | 14 | |
| 7632928155 | Writ of certiorari | Latin for "a request to make certain;" this is an order to lower courts to produce and a certified record of a case so that the appellate court can determine whether any errors occurred during trial that warrant review of the case | 15 | |
| 7632928156 | Rule of four | Practice by which the Supreme Court justices determine if they will hear a case of four or more justices want to hear it | 16 | |
| 7632928157 | Brief | A document detailing the legal argument for the desired outcome in a court case | 17 | |
| 7632928158 | Amicus curiae brief | Document submitted by parties interested in a certain case or issue in an attempt to provide the court with information that may be used to decide the case ("Friend of the court" brief) | 18 | |
| 7632928159 | Concurring opinion | Judicial opinion agreeing with how the majority decides the case but disagreeing with at least some of the legal interpretations or conclusions reached by the majority | 19 | |
| 7632928160 | Dissenting opinion | Judicial opinion disagreeing both at the majorities disposition of the case and with their legal interpretations and conclusions | 20 | |
| 7632928161 | Judicial activism | An approach to judicial decision-making whereby judges apply their authority to bring about specific social goals | 21 | |
| 7632928162 | Judicial restraint | An approach to judicial decision-making whereby judges seek to defer to the legislature and, thereby, to limit the exercise of their own power. | 22 | |
| 7632928165 | Appellant | A person who applies to a higher court for a reversal of the decision of a lower court. | 23 | |
| 7632928166 | Appellee | The respondent in a case appealed to a higher court. | 24 | |
| 7632928167 | Marbury v. Madison | Supreme Court case that established the court's power of judicial review. | 25 |
