test
Terms : Hide Images
| 4758254152 | feudal | an arrangement or system of service and obligations, based on land, pertaining especially to the Middle Ages. "Before the mid-fifteenth century, feudal nobles dominated small districts throughout Europe." | 0 | |
| 4758254153 | despotic | like an oppressive rule or dictator. "While these new rulers were often despotic..." | 1 | |
| 4758254154 | hierarchical | describing an authority that is divided into ranks. "Officials appointed in Spain established a rigid hierarchical order... | 2 | |
| 4758254155 | mestizo | person of mixed parentage, especially Spanish and Indian. "...unions which produced mestizos..." | 3 | |
| 4758254156 | mulatto | a person of mixed parentage, especially white and black. "...unions which produced mestizos and mulattoes..." | 4 | |
| 4758254157 | bullion | bulk gold or silver bricks. "Spanish became dependent upon the annual shipment of bullion from America..." | 5 | |
| 4758254158 | hedonism | the belief that physical pleasure and happiness are the highest goal. "...might lead to fatalism or hedonism." | 6 | |
| 4758254159 | anticlericalism | a doctrine of opposition to the Roman Catholic Church. "Popular anticlericalism helped spark religious reformation in England | 7 | |
| 4758254160 | prelate | high church official in an episcopal hierarchy. "Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, the most powerful prelate in England..." | 8 | |
| 4758254161 | ideology | a collection of doctrines, ideas, or beliefs. "...it is helpful to view these two warring faiths as ideologies.." | 9 | |
| 4758254162 | Bering Sea | The Bering Sea is the body of water that was named after the land bridge it now covers; the Beringia. The bridge connected Asia and North America. | 10 | |
| 4758254163 | Algonquian | The Algonquian people occupied most of the territory along the Atlantic coast. Making them the first Europe settlers would confront. | 11 | |
| 4758254164 | Ferdinand and Isabellas | Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile married in order to unify Spain more that started the process of driving off the Jews and Muslims. | 12 | |
| 4758254165 | Amerigo Vespucci | Explorer who falsified dates of his travels so it seemed he traveled to America first. This lead to map makers to name it America | 13 | |
| 4758254166 | Bernal Diaz del Castillo | A Spanish conqueror that reported finding the old Aztec towns and villages which astounded many. | 14 | |
| 4758254167 | Bartolome de Las Casas | A Dominican friar that published the Historia de las Indias, trying to defend Indians and questioned Europe's right to the New World. | 15 | |
| 4758254168 | Virgin of Guadalupe | A version of the virgin that mixed Indian and European cultures. It became a strong symbol for Mexico | 16 | |
| 4758254169 | Jacques Cartier | The King sent him on a quest to find a way to China through North America. He traveled as far as Montreal. | 17 | |
| 4758254170 | Samuel de Champlain | First after Carties to try and settle Canada for France. He founded Quebec in 1608. | 18 | |
| 4758254171 | Sir Walter Ralegh | Tried 2 unsuccessful times to start colonies. He showed how difficult it was to start in America. | 19 | |
| 4758254172 | Cardinal Wolsey | wealthy, powerful officer of the Catholic Church in England | 20 | |
| 4758254173 | Anne Boleyn | second wife of Henry VIII, and mother of Elizabeth I | 21 | |
| 4758254174 | Catherine of Aragon | Spanish wife of Henry VIII | 22 | |
| 4758254175 | Mary I | first child of Henry VIII; tried to return England to Catholicism | 23 | |
| 4758254176 | Edward VI | young and sickly monarch of England, under whom militant Calvinists influenced policy | 24 | |
| 4758254177 | Sir Humphrey Gilbert | cruel military governor of Munster in Ireland | 25 | |
| 4758254178 | Sir John Davies | leading figure in colonization of Ireland | 26 | |
| 4758254179 | Sir Richard Grenville | leader of the first settlement at Roanoke | 27 | |
| 4758254180 | Sir Walter Ralegh | sea-dog who financed the two attempts to settle the Atlantic coast in 1585 and 1587 | 28 | |
| 4758254181 | John White | able administrator and artist who led the second Roanoke Colony | 29 | |
| 4758254182 | Native American farmers grew _____, _____, and _____. | maize (corn), beans, squash | 30 | |
| 4758254183 | Most tribes located on the Atlantic coast of North America belonged to a linguistic group known as ____. | Algonquian | 31 | |
| 4758254184 | Eric the Red's son Leif established a small settlement in North America in the tenth century called ______. | Vinland | 32 | |
| 4758254185 | More maneuverable ships built in the fifteenth century with a new type of sail were called _____. | caravel | 33 | |
| 4758254186 | The _______, invented at some time in the 1430s by Johann Gutenberg, aided the spread of the new knowledge. | movable type | 34 | |
| 4758254187 | The Moslem kingdom of _____ fell to the Spanish in 1492 | Granada | 35 | |
| 4758254188 | When Christopher Columbus discovered the New World, he actually thought that he had reached ______. | Indies | 36 | |
| 4758254189 | In 1494, Pope Alexander VI divided newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal by issuing the _______. | Treaty of Tordesillas | 37 | |
| 4758254190 | The kings of Spain rewarded success with a grant of the labor of an Indian Village. This grant was called an ______. | ecomienda system | 38 | |
| 4758254191 | In 1589, ___________ wrote The Principall Navigations, Voyages, and Discoveries of the England Nation, which popularized the New World England. | Richard Hakluyt | 39 | |
| 4758254192 | False | the arrival of Europeans in the Western Hemisphere had little impact on the lives of the natives | 40 | |
| 4758254193 | False | Europeans were successful in teaching Native Americans to adopt European culture. | 41 | |
| 4758254194 | True | New concepts in navigation and navel architecture helped stimulate the exploration of the New World | 42 | |
| 4758254195 | True | Columbus greatly underestimated the distance from Spain westward to Asia | 43 | |
| 4758254196 | False | The Spanish colonies received little or no support from the government. | 44 | |
| 4758254197 | True | Cortes easily defeated the Aztec empire | 45 | |
| 4758254198 | True | Montezuma was briefly indecisive because he thought the Spanish might have been messengers from the god Quetzalcoatl | 46 | |
| 4758254199 | True | Coronado's expedition resulted in quick and permanent settlement of the Spanish borderlands. | 47 | |
| 4758254200 | True | The Act of Supremacy of 1534 made the Catholic Church supreme in England | 48 | |
| 4758254201 | True | Semi-military colonies were planted in Ireland by the English in the 1560s and 1570s | 49 | |
| 4758254202 | As a result of the successful domestication of maize(corn), beans, and squash, some Native Americans ______ | gained greater control over their environment | 50 | |
| 4758254203 | The result of the deadly disease brought to the New World by Europeans was: | an extremely high mortality among the natives, destroying the culture of many tribes. | 51 | |
| 4758254204 | In what is now Mexico, the Aztecs, Toltecs, and Mayans: | developed phenomenal culture prior to European contact. | 52 | |
| 4758254205 | What was NOT a reason for the rise of the European exploration and trade: | an increase in the population of Europe | 53 | |
| 4758254206 | A fifteenth-century European development which stimulated later exploration was: | the increase in trade the rise of nation-states the development of new naval technology | 54 | |
| 4758254207 | The English and Spanish colonial systems differed in that: | the English Crown totally funded the colonies, whereas the Spanish Crown offered little aid | 55 | |
| 4758254208 | The encomienda was: | a royal grant of Indian labor and land in return for protection and guidance | 56 | |
| 4758254209 | In Canada, the French colonial empire was: | based primarily on the fur trade | 57 | |
| 4758254210 | John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto) primarily wanted to: | find the northwest passage for England | 58 | |
| 4758254211 | The key to the success of Protestantism in England was: | widely popular anticlericalism | 59 | |
| 4758254212 | The religious settlement of Elizabeth I: | made the Church of England Catholic in organization and ceremony, but Protestant in doctrines | 60 | |
| 4758254213 | The defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588: | totally destroyed the Spanish fleet | 61 | |
| 4758254214 | What is TRUE regarding the English colonization of Ireland: | The experience served as a model for the colonization of America. | 62 | |
| 4758254215 | In his attempt to settle the Roanoke colony, Sir Walter Ralegh found that: | inadequate financing and difficulty in communication and supplies doomed the project | 63 | |
| 4758254216 | To keep the dream of America alive, Richard Hakluyt: | interviewed explorers and propagandized their stories in a book. | 64 | |
| 4758254217 | joint-stock company | a business organization where people could invest without fear of bankruptcy. Used first for settling in Virginia | 65 | |
| 4758254218 | Jamestown | The town Virginians started. It was on a marshy peninsula and considered the most unsuccessful village. | 66 | |
| 4758254219 | William Penn | Penn settled Pennsylvania and tried his governor "The Holy Experiment" that didn't particularly work. | 67 | |
| 4758254220 | Sir Thomas Gates and Sir Thomas Dale | Gates was governor of Jamestown in Virginia with Dale deputy governor. They kept colony alive but did not thrive | 68 | |
| 4758254221 | "starving time" | Winter during 1609-1610 in VA. Some colonists even resorted to cannibalism because of lack of food. | 69 | |
| 4758254222 | "plundering time" | 1644-1646 when vigilantes roamed the country and temporarily drove Leonard Calvert out of Maryland. | 70 | |
| 4758254223 | William Bradford | Governor of Plymouth, helped keep the alive with help of Squanto | 71 | |
| 4758254224 | Anne Hutchinson | ? women who were exiled from Massachusetts to Rhode Island for her ideas | 72 | |
| 4758254225 | John Winthrop | Governor of Massachusetts and was very religious Puritan and believed God was displeased with England. | 73 | |
| 4758254226 | Thomas Hooker | Connecticut's most prominent minister and helped New Englanders define congregational Church polity | 74 | |
| 4758254227 | Captain John Smith | adventurer who instituted military discipline and perhaps saved the Virginia colony. | 75 | |
| 4758254228 | Sir Thomas Smith | wealthy London merchant and original leader of the Virginia Company | 76 | |
| 4758254229 | John Rolfe | Virginia settler who married Pocahontas and experimented with growing tobacco in the colony. | 77 | |
| 4758254230 | Sir Edwin Sandys | investor who ousted the original leader of the Virginia Company and instituted colonial reforms. | 78 | |
| 4758254231 | Lord De La Warr | governor who took over rule of Virginia in 1610 | 79 | |
| 4758254232 | Peter Stuyvesant | director-general of New Amsterdam | 80 | |
| 4758254233 | Richard Nicolls | naval officer who was significant in New York and New Jersey's colonial histroy | 81 | |
| 4758254234 | John, Lord Berkeley | proprietor of New Jersey who sold his claim to a group of Quakers | 82 | |
| 4758254235 | Sir George Carteret | proprietor of New Jersey who worked in East Jersey to make a profit | 83 | |
| 4758254236 | William Penn | Quaker who viewed his colony as a "Holy Experiment" | 84 | |
| 4758254237 | ___________ was the military leaser and religious reformer who ruled England after the execution of _______ | Oliver Cornwell, Charles I | 85 | |
| 4758254238 | The Catholic king of England who was exiled by the Glorious Revolution was ________ | James II | 86 | |
| 4758254239 | The period known as the Restoration returned _______ to the throne of England. | the Stuarts | 87 | |
| 4758254240 | the original Virginia settlers founded the town of ________ in 1607 | Jamestown | 88 | |
| 4758254241 | Virginia's representative assembly was called the _________. | House of Burgesses | 89 | |
| 4758254242 | A grant of land to anyone who would pay transportation costs to a colony was known as a _______. | headright | 90 | |
| 4758254243 | A servant bound to a master for a period of time in return for transportation to a colony was an ________ servant. | indentured | 91 | |
| 4758254244 | A small annual payment to a proprietor of a colony in exchange for a grant of land was called a ______. | quitrent | 92 | |
| 4758254245 | ____________ was one of the Pilgrims who wrote an account of their settlement. | William Bradford | 93 | |
| 4758254246 | The Puritan who became the most important governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony was __________. | John Winthrop | 94 | |
| 4758254247 | The "Great Migration" sent few, if any, immigrants to Massachusetts Bay Colony. | False | 95 | |
| 4758254248 | The form of church government known as Congregationalism let each congregation be independent of outside interference. | True | 96 | |
| 4758254249 | The town meeting was the center of local government in New England | False | 97 | |
| 4758254250 | Roger Williams was exiled from Massachusetts Bay Colony because he was a radical supporter of John Winthrop. | False | 98 | |
| 4758254251 | Anne Hutchinson was an outspoken critic of Massachusetts Bay orthodoxy. | True | 99 | |
| 4758254252 | Although settled by exiles, Rhode Island did no better than Massachusetts Bay in toleration of heretics. | False | 100 | |
| 4758254253 | New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania had a very homogeneous population. | False | 101 | |
| 4758254254 | In ruling New York, James, Duke of York, effectively used an assembly. | False | 102 | |
| 4758254255 | George Fox, the spokesman for the Quaker religion, believed that Christ was in the soul of every man. | False | 103 | |
| 4758254256 | Barbadians, French Hugenots, and proprietors conflicted in the ruling of Carolina. | False | 104 | |
| 4758254257 | In the seventeenth century, Virginia and Maryland quickly developed a stable society, one especially healthy for families and child rearing. | False | 105 | |
| 4758254258 | In colonizing North America, the English kings: | followed no plan and distributed the land haphazardly, creating overlapping territorial claims. | 106 | |
| 4758254259 | The flow of immigrants to the English colonies in the seventeenth century: | was determined by political upheaval and economic recession. | 107 | |
| 4758254260 | The London Company (later the Virginia Company) primarily wanted to: | make a profit through the discovery of gold and silver. | 108 | |
| 4758254261 | In the early days of the Virginia Colony, the settlers: | preferred searching for gold to farming or guarding the settlement. | 109 | |
| 4758254262 | The solution to the economic problems of Virginia was: | cultivation of tobacco. | 110 | |
| 4758254263 | The Lords Baltimore viewed their colonizing project as: | a haven for English Catholics | 111 | |
| 4758254264 | In the seventeenth century, the colonists in Massachusetts were more successful than Virginians: | in adopting a concept of corporate or community welfare. | 112 | |
| 4758254265 | Pilgrims or Separatists left the Anglican church because they: | felt that it was still too Catholic | 113 | |
| 4758254266 | The lives of Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson indicate that: | Massachusetts Bay faced difficulties in creating the perfect society in America. | 114 | |
| 4758254267 | In Massachusetts the electorate consisted of: | all adult male members of a Congregational Church | 115 | |
| 4758254268 | The colony of New York: | was originally settled by the Dutch and then taken by force by the English | 116 | |
| 4758254269 | William Penn's Frame of Government for his colony: | was based on the ideas of James Harrington. | 117 | |
| 4758254270 | The government of the Carolinas: | was written by the Earl of Shaftesbury with help from John Locke. | 118 | |
| 4758254271 | The economy of Carolina was: | at first diverse in agriculture and then became dependent on rice as a staple. | 119 | |
| 4758254272 | The seventeenth-century English colonies: | had few common traits other than their loyalty to the monarch. | 120 | |
| 4758254273 | balance of trade | the relationship within a commercial system between exports and imports. "...the mother country should establish a more favorable balance of trade". | 121 | |
| 4758254274 | imperial system | a system organized by a powerful nation, for long-term commercial and economic gain, whose territories or colonies primarily serve the economic interests of that nation. "During the 1660s, the colonists showed little enthusiasm for the new imperial system". | 122 | |
| 4758254275 | anarchy | the absence of any noticeable government or source of authority. "The self-serving policies, coupled with the memory of near anarchy, helped heal divisions..." | 123 | |
| 4758254276 | misogyny | the tendency toward hatred of or discrimination against women. "The underlying misogyny of the entire culture meant that the victims were more often women than men". | 124 | |
| 4758254277 | nuclear families | established families of mothers, fathers, and dependent children traveling to the "New World" | 125 | |
| 4758254278 | congregational | types of churches built on family foundation and was self-governing | 126 | |
| 4758254279 | God's "elect" | people who were chosen by God to go to heaven after death | 127 | |
| 4758254280 | church synod | a gathering of congregational ministers (one group created half-way convent) | 128 | |
| 4758254281 | natural rulers | rich land owners in English society | 129 | |
| 4758254282 | indentured servant | people who agreed to serve for a number of years in exchange for passage to the "New World" | 130 | |
| 4758254283 | freemen | indentured servants that traveled to Chesapeake and managed to fulfill their contract and be free | 131 | |
| 4758254284 | creole society | slaves that worked on large plantations together and spoke creole (mixed English and African languages) | 132 | |
| 4758254285 | mercantilist system | in order to gain money, a nation needs to import and export goods. | 133 | |
| 4758254286 | "special evidence" | evidence like dreams and visions used to prosecute people who were accused of being witches. | 134 | |
| 4758254287 | Nathaniel Bacon | led a rebellion in Virginia against Lord Berkeley's government | 135 | |
| 4758254288 | Increase Mather | prominent New England clergyman who represented Massachusetts Bay before King William III in an effort to secure a new royal charter. | 136 | |
| 4758254289 | Edmund Andros | governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony who was overthrown in response to the Glorious Revolution. | 137 | |
| 4758254290 | Jacob Leisler | led the uprising in New York in the name of King William III against Anglo-Dutch ruling elite | 138 | |
| 4758254291 | John Winthrop | first governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony | 139 | |
| 4758254292 | sumptuary law | law designed to limit the wearing of fine clothing and jewelry to the wealthy | 140 | |
| 4758254293 | navigation act | first law passed in Parliament specifically designed to regulate American trade. | 141 | |
| 4758254294 | staple act | parliamentary law that sated that goods could not be imported into America without passing through English ports first. | 142 | |
| 4758254295 | plantation duty | law requiring money collected in colonial ports to be equal to English customs duties. | 143 | |
| 4758254296 | Half Way Covenant | decision that allowed children whose parents might not be in communion with the Puritan church to be baptized into the church. | 144 | |
| 4758254297 | the institution of slavery in the New World was, above all, an _________ system. | economic | 145 | |
| 4758254298 | The most serious slave uprising of the colonial period was the __________. | Stone Uprising | 146 | |
| 4758254299 | Commercial goods of great value that ere not made in England and were imported into the colonies were listed as _______ | enumerated goods | 147 | |
| 4758254300 | The war launched by the Wampanoags and Narragansetts that disrupted the economy of New England in the 1670s was ________ | King Philips War | 148 | |
| 4758254301 | The __________ in England put William and Mary on the throne and deposed the Catholic Kings James II. | Glorious Revolution | 149 | |
| 4758254302 | the __________ of the 1630s and '40s brought approximately 20,000 persons to New England. | Great Migration | 150 | |
| 4758254303 | The most dramatic demographic difference that contrasted Chesapeake society with that of New England was the _________. | death rate | 151 | |
| 4758254304 | To establish a more favorable balance of ______, a nation seeks to export more than it imports. | trade | 152 | |
| 4758254305 | The social class which politically and economically dominated Chesapeake society was the ____________. | freeman/planters | 153 | |
| 4758254306 | rather than coming directly from Africa, most slaved who reached North America before 1680 came from _____________ | Barbados or New Netherlands. | 154 | |
| 4758254307 | William and Mary College in Virginia was the first institution of higher learning in the North American colonies | False | 155 | |
| 4758254308 | Those who came to the Chesapeake region enjoyed longer life expectancy than those in New England. | False | 156 | |
| 4758254309 | The first aristocrats of Virginia were mainly English gentry who emigrated to America. | False | 157 | |
| 4758254310 | There was a significantly greater demand for slave labor in the Chesapeake colonies than in New England by the 1660s | True | 158 | |
| 4758254311 | By 1700 at the least, the status of slaves was determined undeniably by skin color | True | 159 | |
| 4758254312 | After the early 1800s, the increasing number of slaves can be mainly attributed to the importation of slaves from Africa or the West Indies | True | 160 | |
| 4758254313 | Because of the Navigation Acts, smuggling of goods into America during the eighteenth century increased dramatically | False | 161 | |
| 4758254314 | Indentured servants formed the largest social class of Chesapeake's society | False | 162 | |
| 4758254315 | The British mercantilist system as it related to its empire was generally well thought out and organized | False | 163 | |
| 4758254316 | Because of the hysteria and fear they generated, the Salem witchcraft trials have been compared with the McCarthy hearings of the 1950s | True | 164 | |
| 4758254317 | the most plausible explanation for the rapid increase in population in New England was that: | New England Puritans apparently lived much longer than other colonists | 165 | |
| 4758254318 | Education of the young during the colonial period was primarily a function of the: | family | 166 | |
| 4758254319 | which of the following activities or responsibilities could colonial women most expect to take part in: | church activities | 167 | |
| 4758254320 | Most farmers in the northern colonies belonged to which of the following groups: | yeoman or independent farmer | 168 | |
| 4758254321 | Most of the settlers of the Chesapeake region emigrated as: | indentured servants | 169 | |
| 4758254322 | Most slaves brought from Africa across the Atlantic by slave traders were sold in which of the following regions: | Brazil or the Caribbean | 170 | |
| 4758254323 | The mercantilist system was primarily designed by the British for: | setting up commercial regulation throughout the empire | 171 | |
| 4758254324 | the attitude of most New Englanders toward the restrictions under the Navigation Acts was to: | protest vigorously against them | 172 | |
| 4758254325 | The issue that started Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia was the: | inability of the governor to effectively control the Indians on the frontier | 173 | |
| 4758254326 | which of the following was NOT among the factors that influenced the Salem witchcraft persecutions: | the recent examples of persecutions throughout the colonies | 174 | |
| 4758254327 | The most profitable and important crop of the Chesapeake region was: | tobacco | 175 | |
| 4758254328 | the main reason for the lack of development of towns in the Chesapeake region seems to have been: | the barrenness or defects of the coastal area | 176 | |
| 4758254329 | the uprising of Massachusetts Bay colonials in response to the Glorious Revolution was directed against the: | administration of Governor Andros | 177 | |
| 4758254330 | The right to vote (franchise) in practically every colony was restricted on the basis of: | property ownership | 178 | |
| 4758254331 | Regarding Christianity, most slaves in North America: | accepted it as their own but with their own cultural variations. | 179 |
