American Pageant Book for AP US History
Terms : Hide Images
| 609911693 | Popular Sovereignty | the idea that the people in the territory should have the choice on the issue; the purest form of democracy | |
| 609911694 | Henry Clay - Presidency | Couldn't run because he made too many enemies, too old | |
| 609911695 | Lewis Cass | A veteran of the War of 1812, senator and diplomat, the "Father of Popular Sovereignty," Whig candidate in 1848 | |
| 609911696 | Martin van Buren | Free-Soiler candidate, former President. Stole enough votes from the Democrats for a Whig victory 1848 | |
| 609911697 | Zachary Taylor | defeated Santa Anna at Buena Vista, rich southerner with slaves, Whig President 1848 | |
| 609911698 | Harriet Tubman | a runaway slave from MA, she rescued more than 300 slaves | |
| 609911699 | Underground Railroad | a virtual freedom train consisting of a chain of antislavery homes, runaway slaves, and abolitionists | |
| 609911700 | Sutter's Mill | the location at which gold was found in 1848 | |
| 609911701 | California - Statehood | California's drafted a constitution in 1849 that excluded slavery and applied to Congress | |
| 609911702 | Clay - Compromise | presented many compromises to Sentaor Douglas over N/S issue over expansion of slavery | |
| 609911703 | Webster - Compromise | tried to uphold Clay's compromise measures over expansion of slavery | |
| 609911704 | Calhoun - Compromise | championed the South | |
| 609911705 | William Seward | senator from NY, came out against concession - referred to a law higher than the Constitution | |
| 609911706 | Compromise - Part I | CA enters the Union as a free state - Northern victory | |
| 609911707 | Compromise - Part II | harsher fugitive slave laws (6 months in jail, $1000 fine) - Southern victory | |
| 609911708 | Compromise - Part III | UT and NM use popular sovereignty to determine slavery | |
| 609911709 | Compromise - Part IV | slave trade abolished in DC, but slaves allowed | |
| 609911710 | Compromise - Part V | TX surrenders rights to NM for $10 million | |
| 609911711 | Millard Fillmore | Taylor's VP, replacement, signed compromise measures | |
| 609911712 | Frank Pierce | Democrat cnadidate in 1852 | |
| 609911713 | Winfield Scott | Whig President in 1852, Mexican War hero | |
| 609911714 | Manifest Destiny | the idea that America is destined to expand | |
| 609911715 | Treaty of 1848 | With Colombia, guaranteed American right of transit across the isthmus for Washington's neutrality | |
| 609911716 | Cuba | Polk considered offering Spain $100 million for Cuba, but the Spaniards refused. | |
| 609911717 | Ostend Manifesto | Offered $120 million for Cuba, then US would attempt to seek Cuba. Never presented. | |
| 609911718 | Gadsden Purchase | $10 million for a sliver of land below the border for a planned Southern Route of the Transcontinental Railroad | |
| 609911719 | Kansa-Nebraska Scheme | sliced Nebraska into two territories, status to be settled by popular sovereignty - contradicted the Missouri Compromise. From Stephen Douglas | |
| 609911720 | Republican Party | Sectional party born following the KA ND Act - Goal: Stop the Expansion of Slavery. | |
| 609911721 | Uncle Tom's Cabin | A novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe showing the horrors of slavery. It was a proponent in beginning the Civil War and ending it. | |
| 609911722 | Impending Crisis of the South | A book written by abolitionist Hinton Helper arguing that slavery mostly affected whites without slaves in a negative way. It caused unrest in the South- a factor in the later secession. | |
| 609911723 | Beecher's Bibles | Rifles paid for by abolitionists and sent to Kansas by antislavery whites. | |
| 609911724 | Bleeding Kansas | A term describing the parairie territory where a small civil war in Kansas broke out in 1856. | |
| 609911725 | Lecompton Constitution | A document that stated that people could not vote against the Constitution but either vote for it to be with slavery or against slavery. It was a trickery document in that if it was voted that the constitution was against slavery, the slaveholders would still be protected. | |
| 609911726 | Know Nothings | A party against immigrants led by Millard Fillmore. | |
| 609911727 | Dred Scott Case | A case in the Supreme Court that ruled that blacks had no civil or human rights and that Congress could not prohibit slavery in territories. | |
| 609911728 | Panic of 1857 | An economic decline which convinced southerners that the North was economically vulnerable. The agricultural South was hardly affected by this depression. | |
| 609911729 | Lincoln-Douglas Debates | Political discussions between Lincoln and Douglas for a position in the Illinois Senate. | |
| 609911730 | Constitutional Union Party | A middle-of-the-road party led by elderly politicians who wanted to reach a compromise in 1860, but it only held 3 border states. | |
| 609911731 | South Carolina | The first state to seceed from the Union. | |
| 609911732 | Confederate States of America | A new nation formed by 7 states that seceeded from the Union and claimed independence. Its capital was in Birmingham, Alabama. | |
| 609911733 | Harriet Beecher Stowe | A white abolitionist woman who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin, which is said to have begun the Civil War. | |
| 609911734 | New england Emigrant Aid Company | Abolitionist group that sent settlers and Beecher's Bibles to oppose slavery in Kansas. | |
| 609911735 | John Brown | Abolitionist who was admired in the North and hated in the South. He killed five proslavery men | |
| 609911736 | James Buchanan | Weak Democratic president divided his own party by using proslavery forces. | |
| 609911737 | Charles Sumner | Verbally attacked the South in a speech and was attacked and injured himself because of it. | |
| 609911738 | Preston Brooks | His bloody attack on Charles Sumner fueled sectional hatred. | |
| 609911739 | John C. Fremont | The first Rebublican candidate for president. | |
| 609911740 | Harpers Ferry | Site where militant abolitionists tried to start a slave rebellion | |
| 609911741 | Stephen A. Douglas | The leading northern democrat whose presidential hopes failed because of the conflict over slavery. | |
| 609911742 | John C. Breckinridge | Buchanan's vice president who was nominated for president. He supported the expansion of slavery. | |
| 609911743 | Montgomery, Alabama | The site where the seven states that seceded from the Union united to declare their indepence. | |
| 609911744 | Jefferson Davis | A former senator who became the president of the Confederate States of America | |
| 609911745 | Clara Barton | woman who helped nurse wounded soldiers on the battlefield | |
| 609911746 | Maximilian | French viceroy appointed by Napoleon III of France to lead the new government set up in Mexico. After the Civil War, the U.S. invaded and he was executed, a demonstration of the enforcement of the Monroe Doctrine to European powers. | |
| 609911747 | William Seward | extremist politician, was Lincoln's competitor for the Republican ballot | |
| 609911748 | Morrill Tariff Act | 1861 law that increased tariffs duties to 10% | |
| 609911749 | National Banking Act | Act that established a system of federal banks, allowing for a standard issue of currency | |
| 609911750 | Trent | British warship that harbored Confederate military, sparking controversy | |
| 609911751 | cotton | main export of South | |
| 609911752 | CSS Alabama | British warship used to aid the Confederates by looting and sinking many Union vessels. USS San Jacinto, American warship sunk the Alabama. | |
| 609911753 | Butternut Region | area where an antislavery war would have been unpopular; Southern Ohio, Indiana, Illinois | |
| 609911754 | conscription | the forced drafting of soldiers | |
| 609911755 | habeas corpus | The right not to be held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime | |
| 609911756 | Homestead Act | Passed in 1862, it gave 160 acres of public land to any settler who would farm the land for five years. The settler would only have to pay a registration fee of $25. | |
| 609911757 | Elizabeth Blackwell | Was the first woman in the US to receive a medical degree. Worked with Dorothea Dix to train nurses for the Union army. Met some resistance from the male dominated United States Sanitary Commission. | |
| 609911758 | Robert E. Lee | General who led the entire Confederate army, fought many battles. One of his main plans towards the end of the civil war was to wait for a new president to come into office to make peace with. Fought Peninsular Campaign, 2nd battle of Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville (with Jackson), and Gettysburg. | |
| 609911759 | Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson | The most well-known confederate commander after Robert E Lee. Corps commander in Army of N. Virgina. Confederate pickets accidentally shot him at Battle of Chancellorsville, he survived but lost arm. Died of complications of pheumonia. His death was a severe setback for Confederacy. His death afected military, army, and the general public. | |
| 609911760 | George McClellan | First commander of the Union army | |
| 609911761 | Fort Sumter | Site of the opening engagement of the Civil War. On December 20, 1860, South Carolina had seceded from the Union, and had demanded that all federal property in the state be surrendered to state authorities. Major Robert Anderson concentrated his units at Fort Sumter, and, when Lincoln took office on March 4, 1861, Sumter was one of only two forts in the South still under Union control. Learning that Lincoln planned to send supplies to reinforce the fort, on April 11, 1861, Confederate General Beauregard demanded Anderson's surrender, which was refused. On April 12, 1861, the Confederate Army began bombarding the fort, which surrendered on April 14, 1861. Congress declared war on the Confederacy the next day. | |
| 609911762 | Border States | States bordering the North: Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky and Missouri. They were slave states, but did not secede. | |
| 609911763 | Billy Yank | Nickname for average Northern/Union Soldier | |
| 609911764 | Johnny Reb | nickname for a typical Confederate soldier | |
| 609911765 | Abraham Lincoln | 16th President. One of the most skillful politicians in Republican party. Lawyer. Tried to gain national exposure by debates with Stephen A. Douglas. The Lincoln-Douglas debates attracted much attention. Lincoln's attacks on slavery made him nationally known. He felt slavery was morally wrong, but was not an abolitionist. He felt there was not an alternative to slavery and blacks were not prepared to live on equal terms as whites. Won presidency in November election. Lead Union to victory in civil war. Did the Gettysburg Address. | |
| 609911766 | Robert E. Lee | Confederacy's brilliant general, sought after by Lincoln before named a Confederate general | |
| 609911767 | P. G. T. Beauregard | Confederacy's first general officer, later promoted to full general | |
| 609911768 | Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson | Confederate commander at Bull Run | |
| 609911769 | James Longstreet | General Robert E. Lee's primary subordinate | |
| 609911770 | Nathan Bedford | Leading cavalry leader of the Confederates | |
| 609911771 | Joseph Johnston | Beauregard received reinforcements from this man at First Bull Run | |
| 609911772 | Captain Henry Wirz | Confederate commander who was executed for mistreatment of Union prisoners of war | |
| 609911773 | Clement L. Vallandigham | Notorious leader of the Copperheads from Ohio, who was banished to the Confederacy | |
| 609911774 | Andrew Johnson | Lincoln's running mate, chose to draw votes from War Democrats and Border States | |
| 609911775 | John Wilkes Booth | Lincoln's assassin | |
| 609911776 | Ulysses S. Grant | Union general who replaced McClellan and realized the war would have extreme casualties on both sides | |
| 609911777 | George B. McClellan | Union general, brilliant in theory, called "Young Napoleon" | |
| 609911778 | William T. Sherman | General who led a destructive conquest of the Confederacy and seized Atlanta | |
| 609911779 | George G. Meade | Joseph Hooker's successor who led the successful battle at Gettysburg | |
| 609911780 | Salmon P. Chase | Overambitious secretary of Treasury who tried to keep Lincoln from winning a second term in office | |
| 609911781 | Edward Everett Hale | wrote "The Man Without a Country" about Philip Nolan | |
| 609911782 | Admiral David G. Farragot | Union commander who tried to seize New Orleans and rained cannonballs on the city | |
| 609911783 | War Democrats | Those Democrats who, after the death of Douglas, decided to support Lincoln | |
| 609911784 | Peace Democrats | Those Democrats who, after the death of Douglas, turned against Lincoln | |
| 609911785 | doctrine of ultimate destination/continuous voyage | yea that thing | |
| 609911786 | Merrimack | Name of wooden-warship-turned-iron-clad when a warship was plated with old railroad rails and threatened the entire Union blockade | |
| 609911787 | Virginia | Name of the Confederate ironclad after it was plated with iron | |
| 609911788 | Monitor | Tiny Union ironclad that fought the Merrimack | |
| 609911789 | Emancipation Proclamation | Speech written by Lincoln that abolished slavery in the Confederacy | |
| 609911790 | Thirteenth Amendment | Constitutional amendment that ended the institution of slavery | |
| 609911791 | Copperheads | Northern Democrats willing to settle for peace with a seceded South | |
| 609911792 | Union party | Party that most ardently supported Lincoln | |
| 609911793 | Bull Run | Northern name for the first real battle of the Civil War | |
| 609911794 | Manassas Junction | Southern name for Bull Run | |
| 609911795 | Antietam | Site of one of the bloodiest battles of the war, led by McClellan for the Union and Lee for the Confederates | |
| 609911796 | Sherman's "March to the Sea" | Sherman's destructive conquest into Georgia and the Carolina's, burning buildings and looting homes | |
| 609911797 | Gettysburg | Crucial American victory delivered in combination with the victory at Vicksburg | |
| 609911798 | Pickett's Charge | Final Confederate stand led by George Pickett that finally broke the Confederate spirit of the war | |
| 609911799 | Ford's Theater | Place where Lincoln was assassinated | |
| 609911800 | tempestuous | stormy, raging, furious | |
| 609911801 | partisan | biased | |
| 609911802 | Reconnaissance | a survey made for military purposes; any kind of preliminary inspection or examination | |
| 609911803 | Congressional Comittee on the Conduct of the War | Committee formed to investigate illicit trade with Confederacy, medical treatment of soldiers, military contracts, and cause of losses | |
| 609911804 | Joseph Hooker | Union general who was defeated at Chancellorsville | |
| 609911805 | John Pope | Union General who led the Second Battle of Bull Run | |
| 609911806 | A. E. Burnside | McClellan's successor as general of the Army of the Potomac, and immediately displayed his incompetence in an attack on a well-guarded Confederate position | |
| 609911807 | Irvin McDowell | Union general at First Battle of Bull Run | |
| 609911808 | spotsylvania | Grant tried to get between Lee and Richmond | |
| 609911809 | Anaconda Plan | Union military strategy of strangling the Southern economically by blockading its coasts | |
| 609911810 | Andersonville | Confederate prison for Union prisoners of war that had inhumane conditions | |
| 609911811 | Fort Pillow | Fort at which black soldiers who had already surrendered were mercilessly slaughtered by Confederate forces | |
| 609911812 | Shiloh | Site of Grant's battle as he tried to push his way into Tennessee after his recent victories | |
| 609911813 | Fort Donelson, Fort Henry | Two forts captured by Ulysses S. Grant that were crucial to the Union effort | |
| 609911814 | Fredericksburg | Site of a devastating defeat for the Union in a frontal attack on a strong position | |
| 609911815 | Vicksburg | Location of fortress that was instrumental in providing supplies to the South from the West | |
| 609911816 | Peninsula Campaign | McClellan's response to Lincoln's call to press forward after staying stagnant for a long period of time in Richmond | |
| 609911817 | Port Hudson | Last fortress of the Confederacy on the Mississippi River | |
| 609911818 | Chancellorsville | Site of Lee's victory over Joseph Hooker, although at the loss of Thomas Jackson | |
| 609911819 | Appomattox Courthouse | Site of Lee's capture and the end of the war | |
| 609911820 | Shenandoah Valley | Important source of Confederate supplies and key victory for Union | |
| 609911821 | The Wilderness | Area in Virginia fought over to destroy Lee's forces once and for all | |
| 609911822 | Cold Harbor | Location of extremely risky assault taken by General Grant to defeat Grant | |
| 609911823 | York River, James River | Two rivers that formed the peninsula that McClellan tried to conquer | |
| 609911824 | Battle of First Manassas (First Battle of Bull Run) | What was the first major military engagement of the Civil War? | |
| 609911825 | George McClellan | Who was the Union commander of the Army of the Potomac whose delays in 1862 caused him to fail in the capture of Richmond? | |
| 609911826 | Robert E. Lee | Who was the audacious commander of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia whose victories in the Seven Day's Battle and at Second Bull Run secured him legendary status? | |
| 609911827 | Monitor | What was the name of the Union ironclad which successfully repelled an assault on the blockade by a Confederate ironclad in 1862? | |
| 609911828 | prevented foreign intervention, prompted the Emancipation Proclamation | What were the two long term consequences of the Battle of Antietam? | |
| 609911829 | only freed southern slaves (not border states) | What was odd about the slave liberation of the Emancipation Proclamation? | |
| 609911830 | 13th Amendment | What officially ended slavery in the United States? | |
| 609911831 | Frederick Douglass | African-American troops made up about 10 percent of the Union army, what abolitionist was instrumental in the creation of several of these regiments? | |
| 609911832 | Ft. Pillow | At what site were African American soldiers massacred after surrendering to Confederate forces? | |
| 609911833 | Burnside | What general was selected to lead the Army of the Potomac following the battle of Antietam? | |
| 609911834 | Fredericksburg | What battle was a smashing victory for the Confederacy after the Union army launched a foolish frontal attack on December 13, 1862? | |
| 609911835 | Chancellorsville | What battle in May 1863 was an enormous Confederate victory but resulted in the death of Stonewall Jackson? | |
| 609911836 | George Meade | Who was the Union general who was victorious in the battle of Gettysburg? | |
| 609911837 | Pickett's Charge | What was the name of the last ill-fated assault at Gettysburg on July 3, 1863 that spelled the beginning of the end of the Confederacy? | |
| 609911838 | Ulysses Grant | What Union commander emerged as a great general after the battles of Ft. Henry, Ft. Donelson, Shiloh, and the siege of Vicksburg? | |
| 609911839 | David Farragut | Who was the Union naval commander who successfully captured New Orleans in 1862 and Mobile in 1864? | |
| 609911840 | Vicksburg | What was the battle in July of 1863 that forever cost the Confederacy the control over the Mississippi and states to the west and is considered the crucial turning point in the western theater of the war? | |
| 609911841 | William Sherman | Who was the Union commander who led an infamous "march to the sea" where he adopted scorched earth tactics and burned the cities of Atlanta and later Columbia? | |
| 609911842 | Copperheads | What was the term for northern extreme "Peace Democrats" like Clement Vallandigham of Ohio who undermined the Union war effort? | |
| 609911843 | Stephen Douglas | Who was the leader of the Northern Democrats whose death in 1861 led to the breakdown of the northern Democrats loyalty to the Union? | |
| 609911844 | The Man Without a Country | What was the fictional novel by Edward Everett Hale describing the significance of the Peace Democrats? | |
| 609911845 | Union Party | Under what party did President Lincoln win reelection in 1864? | |
| 609911846 | George McClellan | Who did Lincoln defeat to be reelected in the election of 1864? | |
| 609911847 | Appomattox Courthouse | At what site did General Lee surrender to the forces under General Grant? | |
| 609911848 | John Wilkes Booth | Who was responsible for the assassination of Abraham Lincoln? |
