Terms : Hide Images
| 8057097673 | Great American Desert | Region between the Missouri River and the Rocky Mountains. | 0 | |
| 8057097674 | "Concentration" policy | The creation of Indian reservations that allowed the government to force tribes into scattered locations, often with land unfitted for agriculture | 1 | |
| 8057097675 | Sand Creek Massacre (1864) | An incident in the Indian Wars of the United States that occurred when a force of Colorado militia attacked and destroyed a village of friendly Cheyenne and Arapaho encamped in southeastern Colorado Territory. | 2 | |
| 8057097681 | Battle of Little Big Horn | A particularly violent example of the warfare between whites and Native Americans in the late nineteenth century, also know as "Custer's Last Stand." In two days, June 25 and 26, 1876, the combined forces of over 2,000 Sioux, Cheyenne, and Arapaho Indians defeated and killed more than 250 U.S. soldiers. | 3 | |
| 8057097683 | "Ghost Dance" | A ritual the Sioux performed to bring back the buffalo and return the Native American tribes to their land. | 4 | |
| 8057097684 | Battle of Wounded Knee | A battle between the U.S. Army and the Dakota Sioux, in which several hundred Native Americans and 29 U.S. soldiers died. Tensions erupted violently over two major issues: the Sioux practice of the "Ghost Dance," which the U.S. government had outlawed, and the dispute over whether Sioux reservation land would be broken up because of the Dawes Act. | 5 | |
| 8057097685 | Dawes Severalty Act (1887) | An act that broke up Indian reservations and distributed land to individual households. Leftover land was sold for money to fund U.S. government efforts to "civilize" Native Americans. Of 130 million acres held in Native American reservations before the Act, 90 million were sold to non-Native buyers. | 6 | |
| 8057097686 | Bureau of Indian Affairs | Was created (1824) in the U.S. War Dept. and transferred (1849) to the U.S. Dept. of the Interior. It had jurisdiction over trade with Native Americans, their removal to the West, their protection from exploitation, and their concentration on reservations. | 7 | |
| 8057097690 | sod house | Homes made of chunks of grassy soil built by the pioneers of the Great Plains. | 8 | |
| 8057097691 | genizaros | Detribalized Indians working as servants for the Spanish and Mexicans | 9 | |
| 8057097692 | Californios | Settlers of Spanish or Mexican descent who populated California | 10 | |
| 8057097693 | Tong Wars | Began as social groups for Chinese citizens but turned to criminal activity | 11 | |
| 8057097695 | Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) | Bill passed by Congress in response to labor disputes that prohibited all immigration from China until 1943. | 12 | |
| 8057097696 | Timber Culture Act (1873) | Act which allotted 160 acres to individuals in certain Western states if they agreed to plant one fourth of it with trees. | 13 | |
| 8057097697 | Desert Land Act (1877) | Legislation allowing fed gov't to sell cheap arid land under the condition that purchaser would irrigate it within 3 yrs | 14 | |
| 8057097699 | "Turner Frontier Thesis" | Theory put forth by Frederick Turner that stated the frontier was the source of American vitality and exceptionalism. | 15 | |
| 8057097700 | Comstock Lode | The first major U.S. discovery of silver ore, located under what is now Virginia City, Nevada. | 16 | |
| 8057097701 | cow town | Areas where cattle were held in pens until they could be loaded into railroad cars and shipped into markets in the East. | 17 | |
| 8057097702 | Chisholm Trail | The major long drive route north from Texas to Ablilene, Kansas, where cowboys drove herds of cattle to the railroads to be shipped back East for huge profits | 18 | |
| 8057097703 | Exodusters | The African Americans migrating to the Great Plains state (ie: Kansas & Oklahoma) in 1879 to escape conditions in the South | 19 | |
| 8057097704 | "Open" range | A vast area of grassland owned by the government where ranchers could graze their herds for free | 20 | |
| 8057097705 | "Range" Wars | A type of (typically undeclared) conflict that occurs in agrarian or stock rearing societies. Typically fought over water rights or grazing rights to unfenced/unowned land, it could pit competing farmers or ranchers against each other | 21 | |
| 8057097709 | Tombstone | A city in Cochise County, Arizona, United States, founded in 1879 by Ed Schieffelin in what was then Pima County, Arizona Territory. It was one of the last wide-open frontier boom towns in the American Old West. | 22 | |
| 8057253838 | Homestead Act | This law, passed in 1862, stated that a settler could acquire up to 160 acres of land and pay a minimal filing fee of $30.00, just for living on it for five years and improving it. | 23 | |
| 8057476501 | Patrons of Husbandry | Was a group organized in 1867, the leader of which was Oliver H. Kelley. It was better known as The Grange. The Grange was a group of farmers that worked for improvement for the farmers | 24 |
