AP US History Ch 2 The Planting of English America 1500-1753
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| 429130507 | King Henry VIII | King of England from 1509 to 1547 and founder of the Church of England; he broke with the Catholic Church because the pope would not grant him a divorce launching the English Protestant Reformation. | |
| 429130508 | Walter Raleigh | Received a charter from Queen Elizabeth I to explore the American coastline. His ships landed on Roanoke in 1585, which became a "lost colony." | |
| 429130509 | Francis Drake | English explorer and admiral who was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe and who helped to defeat the Spanish Armada (1540-1596). | |
| 429130510 | Humphrey Gilbert | An English explorer who promoted the failed attempt to colonize Newfoundland for England. He was the half-brother of Walter Raleigh. | |
| 429130511 | Philip II | King of Spain. Used part of his imperial gains to build an "Invincible Armada" of ships for an invasion of England. When they finally did attack, they were defeated. | |
| 429130512 | James I | Sent a charter to the Virginia Company of London for a settlement in the New World | |
| 429130513 | John Smith | Leader of the Jamestown colonists. He whipped the gold hungry colonists into line with the rule "He who shall not work shall not eat." He was kidnapped, but saved by the Indian Chieftain Powhatan's daughter, Pocahontas. | |
| 429130514 | Powhatan | Indian chief and founder of the Powhatan confederacy of tribes in eastern Virginia. He kidnapped Captain John Smith and subject him to a mock execution that was interrupted by his daughter | |
| 429130515 | Pocahontas | Daughter of the Indian Chieftain, Powhatan. She saved John Smith from execution by putting her head between John's and the war clubs of his captors. She became an intermediary between the Indians and the settlers. | |
| 429130516 | Lord De La Warr | New governor of Jamestown who arrived in 1610, immediately imposing a military regime in Jamestown and declaring war against the Powhatan Confederacy. Employed "Irish tactics" in which his troops burned houses and cornfields. | |
| 429202959 | John Rolfe | He was one of the English settlers at Jamestown. He married Pocahontas, ended the first Anglo-Powhatan War in 1614.. He discovered how to successfully grow tobacco in Virginia and cure it for export, which made Virginia an economically successful colony. | |
| 429202960 | Lord Baltimore | 1694- He was the founder of Maryland, a colony which offered religious freedom, and a refuge for the persecuted Roman Catholics. | |
| 429202961 | Olver Cromwell | After King Charles was beheaded, puritan-soldier Cromwell was made king and ruled for nearly a decade | |
| 429202962 | Charles I | King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1625-1649). His power struggles with Parliament resulted in the English Civil War (1642-1648) in which he was defeated. He was tried for treason and beheaded in 1649 | |
| 429202963 | Charles II | King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1660-1685) who reigned during the Restoration, a period of expanding trade and colonization as well as strong opposition to Catholicism. Caroline was named after him | |
| 429202964 | William Penn | Penn, an English Quaker, founded Pennsylvania in 1682, after receiving a charter from King Charles II the year before. He launched the colony as a "holy experiment" based on religious tolerance. | |
| 429202965 | James Oglethorpe | Founder and governor of the Georgia colony. He ran a tightly-disciplined, military-like colony. Slaves, alcohol, and Catholicism were forbidden in his colony. Many colonists felt that Oglethorpe was a dictator, and that (along with the colonist's dissatisfaction over not being allowed to own slaves) caused the colony to break down and Oglethorpe to lose his position as governor. | |
| 429202966 | John Wesley | Aclergyman and missionary who returned to England and founded Methodism (1703-1791) | |
| 429202967 | Handsome Lake | An Iroquois prophet. Angels appeared to him in a vision and told him to mend his ways. He preached to affirm family values, revive old customs, and forsake alcohol | |
| 429202968 | George Percy | accompanied Captain John Smith on hiw expedition to Virginia; served as deputy-governor in 1609-1610; returned to England in 1612 and wrote A Discourse of the Plantation of Virginia about his experience | |
| 429202969 | Richard Hakluyt | An English writer who was a proponent of colonizing the New World | |
| 429202970 | Elizabeth I | Ascended to the throne in 1558. In the 1570s and 1580s, Elizabeth's troops crushed the Irish uprising with terrible ferocity. Irish land was confiscated and Protestant landlords were "planted". | |
| 429437198 | George II | Georgia was named after him | |
| 429438323 | Deganawidah and Hiawatha | two leaders who founded the Iroquois Confederacy in the late 1500s | |
| 429438324 | Nation-State | A country who's population share a common identity. | |
| 429438325 | Joint-Stock Company | A business entity which is owned by shareholders | |
| 429438326 | slavery | Asystem under which people are treated as property to be brought and sold, and are forced to work | |
| 429438327 | Enclosure | The process of inclosing land formally subject to common rights, One of the fenced-in or hedged-in fields created by wealthy British landowners on land that was formerly worked by village farmers | |
| 429438328 | House of Burgesses | The first assembly of elected representatives of English colonist in North America. It was established by the Virginia company to make conditions in the colony more agreeable for its current inhabitants. The first meeting was helf in Jamestown, Virginia, on July 30, 1619. | |
| 429438329 | Royal Charter | A formal document issued by a monarch granting a right or power to an individual or a body corporate. | |
| 429438330 | Slave Codes | Laws in each US state which gave slave-owners absolute power over the African Slaves | |
| 429438331 | Yeoman | A freeman owning his own farm... | |
| 429439284 | Proprietor | The owner of a business or a holder of property | |
| 429439285 | Longhouse | A long wooden building in which several related Iroquois families lived together. | |
| 429442868 | Squatter | A person who lived on land that does not belong to him | |
| 429442869 | Law Of Primogeniture | Common law that established the birthright of the oldest son to inherit the family estate. | |
| 429442870 | Indentured Servitude | Practice of contracting to work for a fixed period of time, typically three to seven years, in exchange for transportation, food, clothing, lodging and other necessities during the indenture. | |
| 429442871 | Starving Time | in Jamestown, a period of starvation during the winter of 1609-1610 in which all but 60 of the 500 colonists died. | |
| 429442872 | Sea dogs | English adventurers or pirates at the time of Elizabethan era. Mainly engaged in attacks on Spanish shipping and slave trade. | |
| 429442873 | Surplus population | The number of people that could have moved from England during that time, without damaging the economy. | |
| 429442874 | First Anglo-Powhatan War | (1610-1614) When the English arrided in Virgina, they struggled to survive. Unable to provide for themselves, they pressed the Indians for supplies. Chieftain Powhatan ordered a siege on the English fort. De La Warr arrived with reinforcements and, using "Irish tactics" defeated the Indians. The war ended with the marriage of John Rolfe and Pocahontas. | |
| 429442875 | Second Anglo-Powhatan War | Indians last effort to dislodge Virginians, they were defeated. Peace treaty of 1646 stopped any hope of creating native peoples into Virginia society or peace with coexisting. | |
| 429442876 | Maryland Act of Toleration | Policy created in Maryland in 1649 offering religious freedom to all Christians | |
| 429442877 | Barbados Slave Code | "Codes" that defined the slaves legal status and masters prerogatives. This gave masters virtually complete control over their slaves. | |
| 429446601 | Virginia Company | Joint-Stock Company in London that received a charter for land in the new world. Charter guarantees new colonists same rights as people back in England. | |
| 429446602 | Restoration | After a period of bloody unrest, Charles II was restored to the throne in 1660 and empire building resumed. | |
| 429446603 | Act of Toleration | Act of British Parliament that granted freedom of worship to Nonconformist. This did not apply to Cathloics and Unitarians. | |
| 429446604 | Savannah Indians | They helped the Carolina settles foray into the interior in search of captives. | |
| 429446605 | Iroquois Confederacy | A powerful group of Native Americans in the eastern part of the United States made up of five nations: the Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondoga, and Oneida | |
| 429446606 | Ireland | The Catholic Irish sought help from Catholic Spain to throw the yoke of the New Protestant English queen. Spanish did not really help and England crushed the Irish uprising. The English crown confiscated Catholic Irish lands and "planted" them with new Protestant landlords planted them with | |
| 429446607 | Sante Fe | A powerful outpost settled by the Spanish in 1610. | |
| 429446608 | Quebec | A powerful output settled by the French in 1608 | |
| 429446609 | Jamestown | A powerful outpost settled by the English in 1607 | |
| 429446610 | Charles Town | The busiest seaport in the south. The city became a diverse community to which French Protestant refugees and others were attracted by religious toleration |
