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| 5011978375 | Individualism | Giving priority to one's own goals over group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications. | 0 | |
| 5011990256 | Unitarians | Believe in a unitary deity, reject the divinity of Christ, and emphasize the inherent goodness of mankind. Unitarianism, inspired in part by Deism, first caught on in New England at the end of the eighteenth century. | 1 | |
| 5011996312 | Lyceum Movement | Developed in the 1800's in response to growing interest in higher education. Associations were formed in nearly every state to give lectures, concerts, debates, scientific demonstrations, and entertainment. This movement was directly responsible for the increase in the number of institutions of higher learning. | 2 | |
| 5012044092 | Brook Farm | A transcendentalist Utopian experiment, put into practice by transcendentalist former Unitarian minister George Ripley at a farm in West Roxbury, Massachusetts, at that time nine miles from Boston. The community, in operation from 1841 to 1847, was inspired by the socialist concepts of Charles Fourier. Fourierism was the belief that there could be a Utopian society where people could share together to have a better lifestyle. | 3 | |
| 5043548988 | Utopia | An ideal society, but no one can agree on how a society should be. | 4 | |
| 5043563659 | Shakers | 1770's by "Mother" Ann Lee; Utopian group that splintered from the Quakers; believed that they & all other churches had grown too interested in this world & neglectful of their afterlives; prohibited marriage and sexual relationships; practiced celibacy | 5 | |
| 5043565687 | Fourierism & Socialism | A utopian community which was based upon a socialistic economy. This would free individuals from the menial and slavish system that was hired labor. This also put men and women on the same employment status, creating gender equality. It attracted many farmers and craftsmen who sought economic stability during the Panic of 1837, but fell apart before 1840 over disputes about work responsibilites and social policies | 6 | |
| 5043570705 | Oneida | A group of socio-religious perfectionists who lived in New York. Practiced polygamy, communal property, and communal raising of children. | 7 | |
| 5043575998 | Joseph Smith | Founded Mormonism in New York in 1830 with the guidance of an angel. 1843, Smith's announcement that God sanctioned polygamy split the Mormons and let to an uprising against Mormons in 1844; translated the Book of Mormon and died a martyr. | 8 | |
| 5043579234 | Brigham Young | A Mormon leader who urged the Mormons to move farther west. They settled at the edge of the lonely desert near the Great Salt Lake. | 9 | |
| 5043586145 | Deseret | The Mormons settled here. It was in the midst of the desert of Utah and this is where they set up communities. They worked hard to make it flourish. Important because this was the first settlement in Utah. | 10 | |
| 5043588722 | Minstrel Shows | Consisted of white actors in blackface. Consisted of comedy routines, dances, and instrumental solos. While today this is seen as racist, it does speak to the profound effect African American music had on American music. | 11 | |
| 5043598079 | Abolitionism | Militant effort to do away with slavery; becoming a major issue in the 1830's, it dominated politics by the 1840's; Congress became a battleground between the pro and anti slavery forces. | 12 | |
| 5043604858 | An Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World (1829) | David Walker published this pamphlet. He was a free black from North Carolina who had moved to Boston. | 13 | |
| 5043614298 | Nat Turner's Rebellion | Rebellion in which Nat Turner led a group of slaves through Virginia in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow and kill planter families. | 14 | |
| 5043617865 | Evangelical Abolitionism | It was a moral crusade launched to abolish slavery. These crusades were led by Christians in the North and Midwest. In 1831, radical Christian abolitionists demanded that southerners free their slaves. | 15 | |
| 5043620319 | William Lloyd Garrison | 1805-1879. Prominent American abolitionist, journalist and social reformer. Editor of radical abolitionist newspaper "The Liberator", and one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society. | 16 | |
| 5043623851 | Liberator | Anti-slavery (abolitionist) newspaper founded by New Englander William Lloyd Garrison/Liberator was outspoken and controversial because of their unwavering stand on slavery. | 17 | |
| 5043631873 | Anti-Slavery Society | financed by the Tappans, two prominent NYC evangelical merchants; created a national network of newspapers, offices, chapters, and activists, mostly affiliated with local Christian churches. Argued for emancipation and equal civil and religious rights and privileges. Flooded the south with anti-slavery literature. | 18 | |
| 5043636736 | Theodore Weld | American abolitionist whose pamphlet Slavery As It Is (1839) inspired Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel Uncle Tom's Cabin. | 19 | |
| 5043639833 | The Grimke Sisters | Angelina and Sarah Grimke wrote and lectured vigorously on reform causes such as prison reform, the temperance movement, and the abolitionist movement. | 20 | |
| 5043648075 | Frederick Douglass | American abolitionist and writer, he escaped slavery and became a leading African American spokesman and writer. He published his biography, The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, and founded the abolitionist newspaper, the North Star. | 21 | |
| 5043651756 | Harriet Tubman | American abolitionist. Born a slave on a Maryland plantation, she escaped to the North in 1849 and became the most renowned conductor on the Underground Railroad, leading more than 300 slaves to freedom. | 22 | |
| 5043655671 | Gag rule | 1835 law passed by Southern congress which made it illegal to talk of abolition or anti-slavery arguments in Congress. | 23 | |
| 5043658313 | Liberty Party | A former political party in the United States; formed in 1839 to oppose the practice of slavery; merged with the Free Soil Party in 1848. | 24 | |
| 5043662142 | Dorothea Dix | A reformer and pioneer in the movement to treat the insane as mentally ill, beginning in the 1820's, she was responsible for improving conditions in jails, poorhouses and insane asylums throughout the U.S. and Canada. She succeeded in persuading many states to assume responsibility for the care of the mentally ill. She served as the Superintendent of Nurses for the Union Army during the Civil War. | 25 | |
| 5043664628 | Horace Mann | Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education; "Father of the public school system"; a prominent proponent of public school reform, & set the standard for public schools throughout the nation; lengthened academic year; pro training & higher salaries to teachers. | 26 | |
| 5043670939 | Harriet Beecher Stowe | American author and daughter of Lyman Beecher, she was an abolitionist and author of the famous antislavery novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin. | 27 | |
| 5043674194 | Elizabeth Cady Stanton | A suffragette who, with Lucretia Mott, organized the first convention on women's rights, held in Seneca Falls, New York in 1848. Issued the Declaration of Sentiments which declared men and women to be equal and demanded the right to vote for women. Co-founded the National Women's Suffrage Association with Susan B. Anthony in 1869. | 28 | |
| 5043678234 | Lucretia Mott | A Quaker who attended an anti-slavery convention in 1840 and her party of women was not recognized. She and Stanton called the first women's right convention in New York in 1848. | 29 | |
| 5043680262 | Seneca Falls Convention | The first national women's rights convention at which the Declaration of Sentiments was written, in 1848. | 30 | |
| 5043684145 | Declaration of Sentiments | Revision of the Declaration of Independence to include women and men (equal). It was the grand basis of attaining civil, social, political, and religious rights for women. | 31 | |
| 5043687220 | Susan B. Anthony | A social reformer who campaigned for women's rights, the temperance, and was an abolitionist, helped form the National Woman Suffrage Association. | 32 |
