Vocabulary for Chapter 13 of The American Pageant, 13th Edition.
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| 498056197 | Osceola | 1804-38, U.S. Indian leader: chief of the Seminole tribe. | |
| 498056198 | Stephen Austin | (November 3, 1793 - December 27, 1836), known as the Father of Texas, led the second and ultimately successful colonization of the region by bringing 300 families from the United States. The capital of Texas is named after him. | |
| 498056199 | William Henry Harrison | 9th President of the United States; caught pneumonia during his inauguration and died shortly after (1773-1841) | |
| 498056200 | Sam Houston | 1793-1863, U.S. soldier and political leader: president of the Republic of Texas 1836-38 and 1841-44. | |
| 498056201 | John C. Calhoun | Seventh vice president of the United States. War hawk and strong supporter of states rights. | |
| 498056202 | Santa Anna | Mexican general who tried to crush the Texas revolt and who lost battles to Winfield Scott and Zachary Taylor in the Mexican War (1795-1876) | |
| 498056203 | Black Hawk | Sauk leader who in 1832 led Fox and Sauk warriors against the United States (1767-1838) | |
| 498056204 | William Travis | 1809-36, U.S. soldier: commander during the battle of the Alamo. | |
| 498056205 | Spoils System | the practice of filling appointive public offices with friends and supporters of the ruling political party | |
| 498056206 | wildcat banks | a bank that issued notes without adequate security in the period before the establishment of the national banking system in 1864. | |
| 498056207 | national republicans | A political party in the United States during the administration of John Quincy Adams. | |
| 498056208 | Revolution of 1828 | Election where Andrew Jackson won the presidency for the common man and caused a deep distrust of the wealthy elite in Washington. | |
| 498056209 | Twelfth Amendment | an amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1804, providing for election of the president and vice president by the electoral college: should there be no majority vote for one person, the House of Representatives (one vote per state) chooses the president and the Senate the vice president. | |
| 498056210 | Tariff of Abominations | Tariffs put on imported goods ment to protect New England textile manufactures, | |
| 498056211 | South Carolina Exposition | The document was a protest against the Tariff of 1828, also known as the Tariff of Abominations. The document stated that if the tariff was not repealed, South Carolina would secede | |
| 498056212 | Tariff of 1832 | a protectionist tariff in the United States. It was passed as a reduced tariff to remedy the conflict created by the tariff of 1828, but it was still deemed unsatisfactory by southerners and other groups hurt by high tariff rates. | |
| 498056213 | Slavocracy | the role or domination of slaveholders | |
| 498056214 | tariff of 1833 | proposed by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun as a resolution to the Nullification Crisis. | |
| 498056215 | The Trail of Tears | The route along which the United States government forced several tribes of Native Americans, including the Cherokees, Seminoles, Chickasaws, Choctaws, and Creeks, to migrate to reservations west of the Mississippi River in the 1820s, 1830s, and 1840s. Those on the march suffered greatly from disease and mistreatment. | |
| 498056216 | Panic of 1837 | A financial crisis in the United States built on a speculative fever. Began in New York City, when every bank began to accept payment only in gold and silver coinage. | |
| 498056217 | Seminole Indians | Native American tribe from Florida. Fought in the Seminole Wars. | |
| 498056218 | Divorce Bill | Created the Independent Treasury, which seperated the Federal government from banking. | |
| 498056219 | Bank of the United States | name for two national banks established by the U.S. Congress to serve as government fiscal agents and as depositories for federal funds. | |
| 498056220 | Daniel Webster | Whig political leader who is remembered for his speaking abilities and as a defender of national unity. | |
| 498056221 | Democratic Party | A political party that arose in the 1820s from a split in the Democratic-Republican party. Andrew Jackson was the first president elected from it. | |
| 498056222 | Pet Banks | a degrading term for state banks selected by the U.S. Department of Treasury to receive surplus government funds in 1833 | |
| 498056223 | Whig Party | An American political party formed in the 1830s to oppose President Andrew Jackson and the Democrats. | |
| 498056224 | Indian Removal Act | An act made to force Native American tribes ceed their lands to the US government for land hungry settelers. | |
| 498056225 | Five Civilized Tribes | the collective name for the Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Seminole tribes of Indians who, in spite of their adaptation to European culture, were deported to the Indian Territory from 1830 to 1840. | |
| 498056226 | The Anti-masonic party | Party formed out of fear of the freemasons after the Morgan affair. First "third party" in the United States. |
