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| 11310395893 | Conscription Act | Draft established by the Confederacy; wealthy people could escape it if they owned 20 or more slaves | 0 | |
| 11310395894 | Enrollment Act | Law passed by Congress in 1863 that established a draft in the North but allowed wealthy people to escape it by hiring a substitute or paying the government a $300 fee | 1 | |
| 11310395895 | 20-Negro law | exempted those who owned or oversaw twenty or more slaves from service in the Confederate Army; "rich man's war but a poor man's fight" | 2 | |
| 11310395896 | Legal Tender Act | created a national currency and allowed the government to issue greenbacks | 3 | |
| 11310395897 | greenbacks | Name for Union paper money not backed by gold or silver. Value would fluctuate depending on status of the war | 4 | |
| 11310395898 | National Bank Act | legislation passed in 1863 to make banking safer for investors. Its provisions included a system of federally chartered banks, new requirements for loans, and a system for the inspection of banks. | 5 | |
| 11310395899 | Abraham Lincoln | 16th president of the United States; helped preserve the United States by leading the defeat of the secessionist Confederacy; an outspoken opponent of the expansion of slavery; initially entered the war to preserve the Union | 6 | |
| 11310395900 | Radical Republicans | A loose faction of Republicans who sought to punish the South for the American Civil War and demanded civil rights for freedmen | 7 | |
| 11310395901 | Thaddeus Stevens | a member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania and one of the leaders of the Radical Republican faction of the Republican Party during the 1860s; from Lancaster, PA; believed in equality of Blacks and Whites | 8 | |
| 11310395902 | Ex Parte Merryman | A Supreme Court case that Chief Justice Taney's ruled that the suspension of habeas corpus was unconstitutional without an act of Congress. Lincoln openly defied the ruling by suspending it for the arrest of anti-Unionists during the Civil War. Shows how a presidents sometimes overstep their power. | 9 | |
| 11310395903 | Anaconda Plan | Union war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R and Tennessee R, and to take an army through heart of south to divide the South | 10 | |
| 11310395904 | Battle of Bull Run | 1861, 1st major battle, proved to both sides that the war was going to be long and costly. Confederates won. [Confeds won many of the early battles of the war] | 11 | |
| 11310395905 | George McClellan | A general for northern command of the Army of the Potomac in 1861; nicknamed "Tardy George" because of his failure to move troops to Richmond; Lincoln fired him | 12 | |
| 11310395906 | Stonewall Jackson | commander in the Confederate Army that led troops at Bull Run. He died in the confusion at the Battle of Chancellorsville. | 13 | |
| 11310395907 | Robert E. Lee | Confederate general who had opposed secession but did not believe the Union should be held together by force | 14 | |
| 11310395908 | William T. Sherman | general whose march to sea caused destruction to the south, union general, led march to destroy all supplies and resources, beginning of total warfare | 15 | |
| 11310395909 | Merrimac and Monitor | battle between the ironclad ships that the North and South used during the Civil War; the Merrimac (south) fought breaking through the blockade placed around the their seaports; the Monitor (North) fought to keep it in place | 16 | |
| 11310395910 | Cotton Diplomacy | Confederate efforts to use the importance of southern cotton to Britain's textile industry to persuade the British to support the Confederacy in the Civil War; Britain never officially allied with South | 17 | |
| 11310395911 | contraband | during wartime, military supplies and raw materials needed to make military supplies that may legally be confiscated by any belligerent | 18 | |
| 11310395912 | Emancipation Proclamation | (1862) an order issued by President Abraham Lincoln freeing the slaves in areas rebelling against the Union; used by Lincoln to pressure Britain not to align with South; changed the Civil War into a war to free slaves (moral cause) | 19 | |
| 11310395913 | Freedman's Bureau | Focus was to provide food, medical care, administer justice, manage abandoned and confiscated property, regulate labor and establish schools- aid to former slaves | 20 | |
| 11310395914 | 54th Regiment | African American unit in the Union Army that led an assault on Fort Wagner. Their courage brought recognition to black soldiers; African American soldiers fought in segregated units and for less pay | 21 | |
| 11310395915 | Battle of Gettysburg | Turning point of the War that made it clear the North would win. 50,000 people died, and the South lost its chance to invade the North. | 22 | |
| 11310395916 | Battle of Vicksburg | 1863, Union gains control of Mississippi, confederacy split in two, Grant takes lead of Union armies, total war begins | 23 | |
| 11310395917 | Pacific Railroad Act | Law passed by Congress in 1862 that gave loans and land to the Central Pacific and Union Pacific Railroad companies to subsidize construction of a rail line between Omaha and the Pacific Coast | 24 | |
| 11310395918 | Battle of Antietam | Civil War battle in which the North succeeded in halting Lee's Confederate forces in Maryland; Lincoln then issued the Emancipation Proclamation | 25 | |
| 11310395919 | Homestead Act | This act, passed in 1862, gave 160 acres of public land to any settler who would farm the land for five years and pay registration fee | 26 | |
| 11310395920 | Morrill Land Grant Act | 1862, in this act, the federal government had donated public land to the states for the establishment of college; as a result 69 land- grant institutions were established (Penn State) | 27 | |
| 11310395921 | Copperheads | Northern Democrats who favored peace with the South | 28 | |
| 11310395922 | New York Draft Riots | July 1863; Mobs of Irish working-class men and women roamed the streets for four days until federal troops suppressed them. They loathed the idea of being drafted to fight a war on behalf of slaves who, once freed, would compete with them for jobs. | 29 | |
| 11310395923 | Clement Vallandigham | Prominent Copperhead who was an ex-congressman from Ohio, demanded an end to the war, and was banished to the Confederacy | 30 | |
| 11310395924 | Frederick Douglass | Abolitionist and writer; argued that African Americans should serve in the military to prove themselves worthy of citizenship in the US | 31 | |
| 11310395925 | South's Economy during Civil War | Due to battles, ag production (cotton, wheat, corn) declined; also shortage of farm laborers due to enlistments and runaway slaves; many planters still focused on cotton rather than food production; massive destruction of property by Union army | 32 | |
| 11310395926 | Slaves during the Civil War | If near Union forces, some tried to escape to Union lines and either work or fight for the Union Army | 33 | |
| 11310395927 | Role of women in the Civil War | nurses, spies, took over men's jobs in factories, volunteered with Freedmen's Bureau or collecting supplies to send to troops | 34 | |
| 11310395928 | Dorothea Dix | Had led reform for mentally ill; At beginning of Civil War she convinced officials to let women work as nurses and recruited large numbers of women to serve. | 35 | |
| 11310395929 | Clara Barton | Nurse during the Civil War; founder of the American Red Cross | 36 | |
| 11310395930 | Civil War as a modern war | improved technology in battle (mass-produced weapons, rifled muskets, iron-clad warships, telegraph); army-navy collaboration on attacks; increased use of intelligence (spies, scouts); increased use of infantry & artillery (rather than cavalry) | 37 | |
| 11310395931 | Andersonville Prison Camp | Confederate camp for Northern POWs; Built to hold 10,000 prisoners but held 30,000. Inmates had little shelter. The water came from a sewer. Approximately 100 people died a day | 38 | |
| 11310395932 | Wilderness Campaign | series of battles in which Grant tried to take Richmond | 39 | |
| 11310395933 | Fall of Atlanta | Sherman's Union Army victory insured the re-election of Abe Lincoln in 1864; end of war was in sight | 40 | |
| 11310395934 | 13th amendment | Abolished Slavery in the US | 41 | |
| 11310395935 | March to the Sea | Sherman's march from Atlanta, Georgia, to Savannah, Georgia which cut off confederate supplies received by the sea. They wanted to destroy the Southern economy and morale (total war), leading to Southern surrender. | 42 | |
| 11310395936 | Appomattox Court House | site of the surrender of the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee to Union commander Ulysses S. Grant | 43 | |
| 11310395937 | John Wilkes Booth | Assassinated Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theater in Washington DC; part of a larger conspiracy | 44 |
