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| 7038386860 | transcontinental railroad | Completed in 1869 at Promontory, Utah, it linked the eastern railroad system with California's railroad system, revolutionizing transportation in the west | 0 | |
| 7038386861 | protective tariff | tax on imports used to raise the cost of imported goods and thereby protect domestic producers | 1 | |
| 7038386862 | Treaty of Kanagawa | 1854 agreement between Japan and the US. Japan agreed to open two ports to American ships | 2 | |
| 7038386863 | Burlingame Treaty | guaranteed the rights of US missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in United States | 3 | |
| 7038386864 | Munn v. Illinois | an 1877 case in which the supreme court upheld states' regulation of railroads for the benefit of farmers and consumers | 4 | |
| 7038386865 | gold standard | A monetary system in which paper money and coins are equal to the value of a certain amount of gold | 5 | |
| 7038386866 | Crime of 1873 | A term used by those critical of an 1873 lot directing the US treasury to cease minting silver dollars, retire Civil War- era greenbacks, and replace them with the notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks | 6 | |
| 7038386867 | Homestead Act | Provided free land in the West to anyone willing to settle there and develop it. Encouraged westward migration. | 7 | |
| 7038386868 | Morrill Act | passed by Congress in 1862, this law distributed millions of acres of western lands to state governments in order to fund state agricultural colleges. | 8 | |
| 7038386869 | land-grant colleges | state educational institutions built with the benefit of federally donated lands | 9 | |
| 7038386870 | Comstock Lode | Rich deposits of silver found in Nevada in 1859. | 10 | |
| 7038386871 | Long Drive | cowboys herded cattle hundreds of miles north from Texas to Dodge City and the other cow towns of Kansas. | 11 | |
| 7038386872 | "rain follows the plow" | The false western theory that once people started to plow the fields, the rain would come and follow to irrigate them | 12 | |
| 7038386873 | Exodusters | Name given to the former slaves who migrated from the South to the West following the Civil War. | 13 | |
| 7038386874 | Yellowstone National Park | the first national park in the United States | 14 | |
| 7038386875 | U.S. Fisheries Commission | A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish. Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management. | 15 | |
| 7038386876 | Sand Creek massacre | an attack on a village of sleeping Cheyenne Indians by a regiment of Colorado militiamen on 29 November 1864 that resulted in the death of more than 200 tribal members | 16 | |
| 7038386877 | Fetterman massacre | In 1866, a tribe of Oglala Sioux under Chief Red Cloud, provoked by the building of the Bozeman Trail through their hunting ground in southern Montana, massacred a U.S. army unit | 17 | |
| 7038386878 | Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock | Supreme Court ruled that Native Americans were "an ignorant and dependent race" and "wards of the state" so therefore had no rights and the government was able to revoke all treaties | 18 | |
| 7038386879 | Dawes Severalty Act | Bill that promised Indians tracts of land to farm in order to assimilate them into white culture. The bill was resisted, uneffective, and disastrous to Indian tribes | 19 | |
| 7038386880 | Battle of Little Big Horn | American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux, Arapaho, and Cheyenne Indians. Custer's force was annihilated, but the Native American military victory was short-lived. | 20 | |
| 7038386881 | Ghost Dance movement | The last effort of Native Americans to resist US domination and drive whites from their ancestral lands, came through as a religious movement. | 21 | |
| 7038386882 | Wounded Knee | 1890 U.S. cavalry slaughter of Native Americans marketing the end of the Indian Wars on the Great Plain | 22 | |
| 7038386883 | William Seward | Secretary of State who was responsible for purchasing Alaskan Territory from Russia. | 23 | |
| 7038386884 | Emmeline Wells | Women's right advocate. Served as president of Mormon church | 24 | |
| 7038386885 | John Wesley Powell | Explorer and geologist who warned that traditional agriculture could not succeed west of the 100th meridian | 25 | |
| 7038386886 | Chief Joseph | Lead the Nez Perce during the hostilities between the tribe and the U.S. Army in 1877. His speech "I Will Fight No More Forever" mourned the young Indian men killed in the fighting. | 26 | |
| 7038386887 | Sitting Bull | The leader of the Sioux, who, with Crazy Horse, killed General George A. Custer and his entire 250 man army. He was defending land in the Dakota Territory, which had been reserved for his people but was still being settled by whites | 27 | |
| 7038386888 | George Armstrong Custer | United States general who was killed along with all his command by the Sioux at the battle of Little Bighorn (1839-1876) | 28 | |
| 7038386889 | Geronimo | Apache chieftain who raided the white settlers in the Southwest as resistance to being confined to a reservation (1829-1909) | 29 | |
| 7038386890 | Ohiyesa (Dr. Charles Eastman) | a Santee Sioux boy who was encouraged by his family to take advantage of opportunities offered by assimilation; practiced medicine alongside Native healers | 30 | |
| 7038386891 | Buffalo Bill Cody | Mountain man turned actor started a traveling play called the wild west which spread the image of the Wildwest all over the globe | 31 | |
| 7038386892 | Frederick Jackson Turner | author of the "Frontier Thesis" that claimed that the Western Frontier was the defining feature of the US. | 32 |
