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| 5563437449 | popular sovreignty | This idea was employed with the territory of Mexican Cession. It says that the people in a territory decide the status of slavery. | 0 | |
| 5563437450 | Free Soil party | As the issue of slavery was largely ignored by both the Whigs and the Democrats in the 1848 presidential race, this party emerged with "free soil, free speech, free labor, and free men" especially championing antislavery. | 1 | |
| 5563437451 | California gold rush | This describes the influx of tens of thousands of people to California after the discovery of gold at Sutter's Mill in 1848. Dubbed the "forty-niners" these people were hoping to strike it rich and gain incredible wealth. | 2 | |
| 5563437452 | Underground Railroad | This network of informal "stations" (antislavery homes) running from North to South, aided in freeing many "passengers" (runaway slaves) during its existence. Although most freed slaves did so based on buying their way out, this network was significant and angered the South because of the refusal to obey the Fugitive Slave law from the Compromise of 1850. | 3 | |
| 5563437453 | Seventh of March speech | In the Congressional debates leading up to the Compromise of 1850, Daniel Webster delivered this famous speech. He emphasized compromise and preservation of the Union in an effective way supported by the North and the South. More 100,000 copies were distributed to further the support. | 4 | |
| 5563437454 | Compromise of 1850 | This compromise preserved the Union by giving the North and South things they wanted for/against slavery. The South gained the Fugitive Slave Law, popular sovereignty in the ceded territory, and $10 million for Texas. The North got a free California, the disputed land for New Mexico, and abolition of the slave trade in DC. | 5 | |
| 5563437455 | Fugitive Slave Law | This law accompanied the Compromise of 1850. It was widely ignored by the North, and served to increase the abolitionist sentiment, contrary to what the South had wanted. | 6 | |
| 5563437456 | Clayton-Bulwer Treaty | As part of the right of transit over the isthmus between Nicaragua and Panama, this treaty agreed that the United States and Britain would not monopolize the use of any waterways near the isthmus. It was signed in 1850. | 7 | |
| 5563437457 | Ostend Manifesto | As a resurgence of Manifest Destiny emerged, President Franklin Pierce supported this effort to gain Cuba. Created by three US ministers of Spain, France, and England, this manifesto declared fighting with Spain if it did not sell Cuba to the US for $120 million. It was a hated scheme in the North, and was promptly neglected. | 8 | |
| 5563437458 | Opium War | The British fought this war with China to win the right to sell opium in their country. At the conclusion of this war in 1842, Britain also gained access to 5 treaty ports, and full control over Hong Kong. This threatened the already prosperous trade between the US and China. | 9 | |
| 5563437459 | Treaty of Wanghia | Established in 1844, this treaty between the US and China gave the United States the "most favored nation" status, and increased trade greatly between the two nations. Although the original trade implications were not met, this treaty swung open the doors for American missionaries. | 10 | |
| 5563437460 | Treaty of Kanagawa | This treaty, between Japan and the United States, ended the island nation's fierce isolation. Established in 1854, the US was granted consular relations, coaling rights, and proper treatment of shipwrecked soldiers. It marked Japan's entrance into the modern world. | 11 | |
| 5563437461 | Gadsden Purchase | This purchase gained land from Mexico on a $10 million offer, in hopes that the transcontinental railroad would be built in the South. The purchase was made in 1853. | 12 | |
| 5563437462 | Kansas-Nebraska Act | The Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and allowed for popular sovereignty in Kansas and Nebraska above the previous 36° 30' line. This aroused fierce antislavery sentiment, which created the hodgepodge, purely sectional Republican Party. | 13 | |
| 5563437463 | Lewis Cass | Presidential nominee of the Democrats in 1848, he is known for creating popular sovereignty. | 14 | |
| 5563437464 | Zachary Taylor | Elected in 1848, Taylor was new, popular from the Mexican-American War, and without enemies. He was the last Whig president, and died in office in 1850. | 15 | |
| 5563437465 | Harriet Tubman | Tubman was a prominent "conductor" of the Underground railroad, who helped guide over 300 slaves to freedom in her lifetime. She was an iliterate runaway herself. | 16 | |
| 5563437466 | Millard Fillmore | Fillmore is the Vice President who became president in 1850 after Taylor's Death. He is known for signing the Compromise of 1850 promptly after entering office. | 17 | |
| 5563437467 | Franklin Pierce | A "dark horse" candidate of the Democrats, Franklin Pierce won the election of 1852. He was an advocate for southern expansion, and supported the unsuccessful bribe for Cuba. | 18 | |
| 5563437468 | William Walker | A southern expansionist/explorer who declared himself president of Nicaragua in 1856. He immediately made slavery legal, but was quickly overturned by the surrounding nations, and shot in 1860. | 19 | |
| 5563437469 | Caleb Cushing | Cushing was sent by President Tyler in 1844 to China with gifts, and he cleverly secured the Treaty of Wanghia. | 20 | |
| 5563437470 | Matthew C. Perry | Perry was sent to Japan in 1854 and secured the Treaty of Kanagawa. | 21 |
