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AP US History, Chapter 31 Flashcards

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8519228802Adkins v Children's Hospital(1923) A landmark supreme court decision reversing the ruling of Muller v. Oregon, which had declared women to be deserving of special protection in the workplace.0
8519228803Nine-Power Treaty(1922) Agreement coming out of the Washington Disarmament Conference of 1921-1922 that pledged Britain, France, Italy, Japan, The United States, China, The Netherlands, Portugal, and Belgium to abide the Open Door Policy in China. The Five-Power Naval Treaty on ship ratios and the Four-Power treaty to preserve the status quo in the Pacific also came out of this conference.1
8519228804Kellogg-Briand Pact(1928) A sentimental triumph of the 1920s peace movement , this 1928 pact linked sixty-two nations in the supposed "outcry of war"2
8519228805Forney-McCumber Tariff Law(1922) A comprehensive bill passed to protect domestic production from foreign competitors. As a direct result, many European nations were spurred to increase their own trade barriers.3
8519228806Teapot Dome scandal(1921) A tawdry affair involving the illegal lease of priceless naval oil reserves in Teapot Dome, Wyoming, and Elk Hills, California. The scandal, implicated President Harding's secretary of the interior, was one of several that gave his administration a reputation for corruption4
8519228807McNary-Haugen Bill(1924-1928) A farm relief bill that was championed throughout the 1920s and aimed to keep agricultural prices high by authorizing the government to buy up surpluses and sell the abroad. Congress twice passed this bill, but President Calvin Coolidge vetoed it in 1927 and 19285
8519228808Dawes Plan(1924) An arrangement negotiated in 1924 to reschedule German reparation payments. It stabilized the German currency and opened the way for further American private loans to Germany.6
8519228809Bonus Army(1932) Officially known as the Bonus Expeditionary Forces (BEF), this rag-tag group of twenty thousand veterans marched on Washington to demand immediate payment of bonuses earned during World War I. General Douglass MacArthur dispersed the veterans with tear gas and bayonets7
8519228810Norris-La Guardia Anti-Injunction Act(1932) This law banned "yellow-dog" or antiunion, work contracts that and forbade federal courts from issuing injunctions to quash strikes and boycotts. It was an nearly piece of labor-friendly federal legislation8
8519228811Agricultural Marketing Act(1929) this act established the Federal Farm Board, a lending bureau for hard pressed farmers. The act also aimed to help farmers help themselves through new producers' cooperatives. As the depression worsened in 1930, the Board tried to bolster falling prices by buying up surpluses, but it was unable to cope with the flood of farm produce to market9
8519228812Hawley-Smoot Tariff(1930) The highest protective tariff in the peacetime history of the United States, passed as a result of good-old fashioned horse trading. To the outside world, it smacked of ugly economic warfare.10
8519228813Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)(1932) A government lending agency established under the Hoover administration in order to assist insurance companies, banks, agricultural organizations, railroads, and local governments. It was a precursor to later agencies that grew out of the New Deal and symbolized a recognition by the Republicans that some federal action was required to address the Great Depression.11
8519228814Black Tuesday(1929) the dark, panicky day of October 29, 1929 when over 16,410,000 shares of stock were sold on Wall Street. It was a trigger that helped bring on the Great Depression.12
8519228815HoovervillesGrim shantytowns where impoverished victims of the Great Depression slept under newspapers and makeshift tents. Their visibility (and sarcastic name) tarnished the reputation of the Hoover administration.13
8519228816Alfred SmithHe ran for president in the 1928 election for the Democrat Party. He was known for his drinking and he lost the election to Herbert Hoover. Prohibition was one of the issues of the campaign. He was the first Roman Catholic to run for president, and it was during a time many people were prejudice toward Catholics14
8519228817Warren G. Harding29th president involved in laissez-faire, little regard for government or presidency. "return to normalcy" after Wilson + his progressive ideals. Office became corrupt: allowed drinking in prohibition, had an affair, surrounded himself w/ cronies (used office for private gain). Ex) Sec. of Interior leased gov't land w/ oil for $500,000 and took money himself. Died after 3 years in office, VP: Coolidge took over15
8519228818Albert B. Fallwas a United States Senator from New Mexico and the Secretary of the Interior under President Warren G. Harding, infamous for his involvement in the Teapot Dome scandal16
8519228819Calvin CoolidgeBecame president when Harding died of pneumonia. He was known for practicing a rigid economy in money and words, and acquired the name "Silent Cal" for being so soft-spoken. He was a true republican and industrialist. Believed in the government supporting big business.17
8519228820John W. DavisThis Clarksburg native, who was the Democratic presidential nominee in 1924, represented the school systems in the historic U.S. Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education.18

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