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AP US History Chapter 4 Flashcards

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5077334896Indentured servantsdisplaced farmers coming to the colonies to work for several years and "received" parcels of land and some money at the end (3/4 of the immigrants to the colonies were indentured servants)0
5077334897Headright systemThose who paid for the passage of a laborer got 50 acres of land1
5077334899Governor of Virginia in 1676William Berkeley2
5077334900Bacon's Rebellion (Causes, Events, Effects)Primary Source Document3
5077334904African slavery (characteristics)- Black slaves outnumbered white servants in plantation colonies by 1680s - Royal African Company - lost charter to monopolize carrying African slaves to the colonies - Rhode Island rushed to trading slave industry *- Slaves captured from West African tribes and traded to colonists*4
5077334905Middle Passage- Passage from Africa to the West - The death rate was 20% - Survivors sold in auctions in major port cities5
5077334906Triangular trade and what was traded6
5077334907Barbados Slave codes made...Primary Source7
5077334910Slave life in the *Deep South*- Climate was hostile to health - Labor was life-draining - South Carolina rice and indigo plantations - male Africans worked then died - Only new slaves could sustain population8
5077334911Slave life in the *Chesapeake Region*- Tobacco was less demanding - Size and proximity allowed more contact with friends and relatives - 1720 - female population in Chesapeake bay rose to make family life possible - Procreation of fertility and new imports for population9
5077334915NYC Slave revolt1712 - Death of 12 whites and 21 blacks - Some burned at stake over slow fire10
5077334916Stono River Rebellion1739 - Tried to march to Spanish Florida but were stopped by local militia - 50 Southern Carolina blacks11
5077334918Southern colonies social class12
5077334919Top of social group (characteristics)Plantation owners - monopolized political power - Fitzhughs, Lees, and Washingtons were major names in the social class - Possessed Virginia real estate - Dominated House of Burgess - Before Revolutionary War, 70% of leaders of VA legislature came from families in VA before 1690s (FFVs) - Usually labored over plantation issues and worked extremely hard13
5077334921Largest social groupSmall farmers - Tilled modest plots - Owned maybe 1-2 slaves - Ragged existence14
5077334922Lower social group than small farmersLandless whites who were former indentured servants and never got their payment15
5077334924Issues with Southern cities- Few cities, so water provided most transportation - Economy revolved around plantations - Professional class was slow to emerge - Family burial plots in the South occurred because the roads were bad for funeral parties16
5077334925New England families - factors that contributed to better conditions- Clean water and cooler temperatures (less disease) - Immigrants added 10 years when settling in New England - 70-year life expectancy for Puritan colonists - People reproduced - Migrated as families - *TIGHTLY-KNIT FAMILIES*17
5077334926Characteristics of New England families- Mothers had many kids - Strong social characteristics - Children received habits of obedience and guidance from their parents and grandparents - Family stability reflected in low premarital pregnancy rates18
5077334927Southern vs. New England property rights— *South* - men died young in South, leaving wife as a widow. The wife was allowed to retain separate title to her property and got her husband's property rights to herself when he died — *New England* - Puritan lawmakers feared that recognizing separate property rights acknowledged conflicting interests - women gave up property rights when married19
5077334931Life in the New England Towns- Tight-knit communities - Puritans close together - New towns legally chartered by colonial authorities20
5077334932New town-founding process- Land distributed by proprietors after charter was issued from colonial authority - Moved to designated place with family and laid out the plan of the town - Each family got wood lot for fuel, a tract for growing crops, and another for pasturing animals21
5077334935Half-way Covenant"allowed the children of baptized but unconverted church members to be baptized and thus become church members and have political rights" - Weakened distinction between elect and others - Weaker spiritual purity22
5077334938Salem Witch Trials- 19 hung, 1 pressed to death, and 2 dogs hung - *Most accused witches came from wealthy families* - *Most accusers came from subsistence farming families* - Showed tension between classes23
5077334942Economy of New England*Fishing* - cod off of coast of Newfoundland *Lumber* *Shipbuilding* - more exports of cod led to building better ships24
5077334944Leisler's RebellionCaused by animosity between landholders and merchants25

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