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| 4891343824 | George Washington | was the first President of the United States (1789-97), the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. | 0 | |
| 4891347297 | William Howe | was a British Army officer who rose to become Commander-in-Chief of British forces during the American War of Independence. Howe was one of three brothers who had distinguished military careers. | 1 | |
| 4891350102 | Battle of Long Island/ Manhattan Island/ New York Strategy | In August 1776, Howe defeated the Americans in this battle, and forced their retreat to Manhattan Island. | 2 | |
| 4891352222 | Battle of Trenton | On Christmas night 1776, Washington led his troops back across the Delaware river and staged a surprise attack on Trenton, New Jersey, where he forced the surrender of one thousand German soldiers. | 3 | |
| 4891355501 | Battle of Princeton | In early January 1777, the Continental army won a small victory at nearby Princeton. | 4 | |
| 4891357012 | Continental army versus Yeoman militia | Congress had promised Washington a regular force of 75,000 men, but the Continental army never reached a third of that number. Yeoman farmers wanted to plant and harvest their crops and so chose to serve their local militia; consequently, most Continental army recruits were property-less farmers and laborers. | 5 | |
| 4891401935 | Fall of Philadelphia | Battle of Brandywine was a victory for the British against Washington and forced the Continental Congress to flee the city in September 1777. | 6 | |
| 4891409909 | Battle of Saratoga | American victory over British troops in 1777 that was a turning point in the American Revolution. It ended the British threat in New England by taking control of the Hudson River. | 7 | |
| 4891426483 | Valley Forge | Place where Washington's army spent the winter of 1777-1778, a 4th of troops died here from disease and malnutrition. | 8 | |
| 4891434414 | Baron Von Steuben | A stern, Prussian drillmaster that taught American soldiers during the Revolutionary War how to successfully fight the British. | 9 | |
| 4891438396 | Ben Franklin | A delegate from Pennsylvania and proposed the "Albany Plan of the Union" as a way to strengthen colonies. | 10 | |
| 4891450048 | Treaty of Alliance 1778 | was a defensive alliance between France and the USA. IT promised military support in case of attack by British forces indefinitely into the future. | 11 | |
| 4891458500 | Regulators | Rebellious groups active in the 1760s and 1770s in the western parts of North and South Carolina. They violently protested high taxes and insufficient representation in the colonial legislature. | 12 | |
| 4891465986 | Sir Henry Clinton | He replaced Howe in 1778, and then decided to move his army back to NY, and order Cornwallis to return to Yorktown after a bad defeat. Washington trapped him and he surrendered. | 13 | |
| 4891470806 | Lord Cornwallis | One of the leading British Generals in The American Revolutionary War. His defeat, in 1781, by a combined American-French force at the Siege of Yorktown is generally considered to de-facto end of war, as a bulk of British troops surrendered to him. | 14 | |
| 4891483543 | Marquis de Lafayette | French soldier who joined General Washington's staff and became a general in the Continental Army. | 15 | |
| 4891489395 | Compte de Rochambeau | Was a Commander of French troops, and helped Washington defeat Cornwallis at Yorktown. | 16 | |
| 4891494110 | Battle of King's Mountain | It took place in northern South Carolina where the Patriot militia held a battle against Major Patrick Ferguson and his band of Tory sympathizers. This great victory for the Patriots was a turning point in the war in favor of the Patriots. | 17 | |
| 4891499608 | Battle of Cowpens | This took place during January 1781 in South Carolina in Cowpens; the British surrendered and the Americans won because of their formation; they got South Carolina. | 18 | |
| 4894734858 | Benedict Arnold | American General who was labeled a traitor when he assisted the British in a failed attempt to take the American fort at West Point. | 19 | |
| 4894740828 | Battle of Yorktown | Cornwallis and his troops were trapped in the Chesapeake Bay by the French fleet. He was sandwiched between the French navy and the American army. He surrendered October 19, 1781. | 20 | |
| 4894746622 | American Treaty Negotiations | The treaty granted Americans fishing rights off Newfoundland and Nova Scotia, prohibited the British from " carrying away any Negroes or other properties," and guaranteed freedom of navigation on the Mississippi to American citizens "forever." | 21 | |
| 4894891907 | Treaty of Paris 1783 | This treaty ended the Revolutionary War, recognized the independence of the American colonies, and granted the colonies the territory from the southern border of Canada to the northern border of Florida, and from the Atlantic coast to the Mississippi River. | 22 | |
| 4894898023 | State Constitutions | During the war, most states had their own constitutions to spell out the rights of citizens and set limits on the government's power. | 23 | |
| 4894907417 | John Adams | He was the second president of the United States and a Federalist. He was responsible for passing the Alien and Sedition Acts. His passing of the Alien and Sedition Acts severely hurt the popularity of the Federalist party and himself. | 24 | |
| 4894929905 | The Articles of Confederation | first government of the new United States, created during the American Revolution. | 25 | |
| 4894935758 | The Old Northwest | There was a large issue with the Indians of this area. When they banded together more than 900 American soldiers were killed. | 26 | |
| 4894941475 | Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | Created the Northwest Territory established conditions for self-government and statehood, included a Bill of Rights, and permanently prohibited slavery. | 27 | |
| 4894950013 | Land Ordinance of 1785 | was adopted by the United States Congress of the Confederation on May 20, 1785. It set up a standardized system whereby settlers could purchase title to farmland in the undeveloped west. | 28 | |
| 4894952834 | Daniel Shays | Head of Shay's Rebellion; he and several other angry farmers violently protested against debtor's jail; eventually crushed; aided in the creation of constitution because land owners now wanted to preserve what was theirs from "mobocracy". | 29 | |
| 4894959610 | James Madison | Known as the Father of the Constitution, and was the fourth president of the United States. | 30 | |
| 4894971265 | Annapolis Convention | A convention held in September 1786 to consider problems of trade and navigation, attended by five states and important because it issued the call to Congress and the states for what became the Constitutional Convention. | 31 | |
| 4894976606 | Philadelphia Convention | The Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia met between May and September of 1787 to address the problems of the weak central government that existed under the Articles of Confederation. | 32 | |
| 4894982369 | Virginia Plan | "Large state" proposal for the new constitution, calling for proportional representation in both houses of a bicameral Congress. The plan favored larger states and thus prompted smaller states to come back with their own plan for apportioning representation. | 33 | |
| 4894986981 | New Jersey Plan | New Jersey delegate William Paterson's plan of government, in which states got an equal number of representatives in Congress. | 34 | |
| 4894989651 | Great Compromise | This compromise was between the large and small states of the colonies. The Great Compromise resolved that there would be representation by population in the House of Representatives, and equal representation would exist in the Senate. Each state, regardless of size, would have 2 senators. | 35 | |
| 4894996031 | 3/5 Compromise | The population of slaves would be counted as three-fifths in total when apportioning Representatives, as well as Presidential electors and taxes. | 36 | |
| 4895000353 | Hamilton's way around Rhode Island | 37 | ||
| 4895003860 | Federalists | Supporters of the Constitution that were led by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams. They firmly believed the national government should be strong. They didn't want the Bill of Rights because they felt citizens' rights were already well protected by the Constitution. | 38 | |
| 4895006947 | Antifederalists | They opposed the ratification of the Constitution because it gave more power to the federal government and less to the states, and because it did not ensure individual rights. Many wanted to keep the Articles of Confederation. | 39 | |
| 4895016920 | Federalist Papers | A collection of 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison under the name "Publius" to defend the Constitution in detail. | 40 | |
| 4895021734 | Early Federalist Successes | Other early Federalists successes came in four Less populous states-Delaware, New Jersey, Georgia, and Connecticut-where delegates hoped a strong national government would offset the power of large neighboring states. | 41 | |
| 4895023857 | Federalists 1st big test | The Constitution's first real test came in January 1788 in Massachusetts, a populous state filled with Anti Federalists. | 42 | |
| 4895026069 | Full ratification | It won ratification in Virginia by 10 votes and the success carried the Federalists to victory in New York. The Anti-Federalists movement withered away, and state legislatures and politicians accepted the Constitution. | 43 |
