Mr. Guy
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| 14851920838 | Republicanism | A just society in which all citizens willingly subordinated their private, selfish interests to the common good. Both the stability of society and the authority of government thus depended on the virtue of the citizenry-its capacity for selflessness, self-sufficiency, and courage. | 0 | |
| 14851920839 | Radical Whigs | A group of British political commentators, known as the "radical whigs" made attacks on the patronage and bribery used by the king's ministers. They warned citizens to be on guard for possible corruption. Whigs were strongly against authoritarian government, aristocracy, and monarchy. | 1 | |
| 14851920840 | Mercantillism | The ideology that the daughter country (America) only supports the mother country (Britain). | 2 | |
| 14851920842 | George Grenville | Prime minister who, in 1763, ordered the British navy to begin strictly enforcing the Navigation laws to obtain funds for Britain after the Seven Year's War. He also secured from Parliament the Stamp Act. the Sugar Act of 1764, and the Quartering Act. |  | 3 |
| 14851920843 | Sugar Act of 1764 | FIRST EVER LAW passed by Parliament to raise TAX REVENUE in the colonies for England. Increased the duty on foreign sugar imported from the West Indies. | 4 | |
| 14851920844 | Quartering Act of 1765 | Resentment from the Sugar Act was kept burning by the Quartering Act of 1765, which required certain colonies to provide food and quarters for British troops. | 5 | |
| 14851920845 | Stamp Act of 1765 | Tax on the colonies that was intended to raise revenues to support a new military force. Mandated the use of stamped paper, certifying payment of tax. Required on bills of sale for ~50 trade items as well as on playing cards, pamphlets, newspapers, diplomas, and marriage licenses. | 6 | |
| 14851920846 | Stamp Act Congress of 1765 | Brought together in New York City, 27 distinguished delegates from 9 colonies. The members drew up a statement of their rights and grievances and requested the king and Parliament to repeal the hated legislation. The meeting's ripples began to erode sectional suspicions, for it had brought together around the same table leaders from the different and rival colonies. Although it had little effect and Britain ignored it, the Congress was still one step towards intercolonial unity. | 7 | |
| 14851920847 | Nonimportation agreements | Agreements made to not import British goods. United the American people for the first time in common action- gave ordinary American men & women opportunities to participate in protests; this public defiance spread revolutionary fervor throughout American colonial society | 8 | |
| 14851920848 | The Sons of Liberty and Daughters of Liberty | Took law into their own hands by enforcing the nonimportation agreements against violators (ransacked houses of unpopular officials). | 9 | |
| 14851920849 | Declatory Act | Since the machinery for the stamp tax had broken, Britain had to take action after repealing it. They didn't understand why they paid heavy taxes while in the colonies, they refused to pay 1/3 the amount. The Declaratory Act was passed by Parliament, reaffirming its right to bind the colonies in all cases whatsoever. The stage was set for confrontation. | 10 | |
| 14851920850 | Townshend Acts | Passed in 1767 by Parliament, by "Champagne Charley" it put a light import tax on glass, white lead, paper, paint, and tea. They took the new tax less seriously largely because it was light and indirect and found that they could secure smuggled tea at a cheap price. | 11 | |
| 14851920851 | Boston Massacre | March 5, 1770, a crowd of 60 townspeople attacked 10 redcoats. the redcoats opened fired on the civilians, killing/wounding 11 of them (one of the first to die was Crispus Attucks). | 12 | |
| 14851920852 | Lord North | Prime Minister of England from 1770 to 1782. Although he repealed the Townshend Acts, he generally went along with King George III's repressive policies towards the colonies even though he personally considered them wrong. He hoped for an early peace during the Revolutionary War and resigned after Cornwallis' surrender in 1781. | 13 | |
| 14851920853 | Samuel Adams | Master propagandist and engineer of rebellion; formed the first local committee of correspondence in Massachusetts in 1772 (Sons of Liberty) | 14 | |
| 14851920870 | First Committee of Correspondence | Flames of discontent in America continued due to efforts of the British officials to enforce the Navigations Laws. Sam Adams organized committee, and this soon spread. Chief function was to spread the spirit of resistance by interchanging letters and keep opposition to British policy; intercolonial committees of correspondence were the next logical step; Virginia led the way in 1773 with House of Burgesses, later evolved directly into the first American congresses | 15 | |
| 14851920855 | Thomas Hutchinson | The governor of Massachusetts. when the ships arrived, he forced the citizens to allow the ships to unload their tea. | 16 | |
| 14851920856 | Boston Tea Party | Date of the Boston Tea Party. Bostonians, disguised as Indians, boarded the ships and dumped the tea into the sea. | 17 | |
| 14851920857 | Intolerable Acts | Passed by Parliament in 1774. Punished the MA people for Boston Tea Party, which restricted their rights. the laws restricted town meetings and stated that enforcing officials who killed colonies in the line of duty would be sent to Britain for trial. Branded in America as the "massacre of American liberty." | 18 | |
| 14851920859 | The Quebec Act | Passed in 1774, but was not a part of the Intolerable Acts. It gave Catholic French Canadians religious freedom and restored the French form of civil law. This law nullified many of the western claims of the coast colonies by extending the boundaries of the province of Quebec to the Ohio river on the south and to the Mississippi river. The law was good in bad company, to the colonists, it was terrible (land, religion) | 19 | |
| 14851920860 | The First Continental Congress | In 1774, met in Philidelphia in order to redress colonial grievances over the intolerable acts. September 5 to October 26, 1774; it was not a legislative but a consultative body—a convention rather than a congress (John Adams played a stellar role) After prolonged argument the Congress drew up several dignified papers; these included a ringing Declaration of Rights, as well as solemn appeals to other British American colonies, to the king, and to the British people | 20 | |
| 14851920861 | The Association | The most important outcome of the congress. Complete boycott of British goods: nonimportation, nonexportation, and nonconsumption—the delegates sought merely to repeal the offensive legislation and return to the days before parliamentary taxation | 21 | |
| 14851920871 | Lexington and Concord | In April 1775, the British commander in Boston sent a detachment of troops to nearby Lexington and Concord; they were to seize store's of colonial gunpowder and also to bag the ringleaders. "Minute Men" refused to disperse rapidly enough and shots were fired that killed 8 Americans and wounded more; the affair was more "Lexington Massacre" than battle; redcoats pushed on to Concord whence they were forced to retreat by Americans. Britain finally had a war on its hands with the Americans | 22 | |
| 14851920865 | Baron von Steuben | German who helped to whip the Amerian fighters into shape for fighting the British. | 23 | |
| 14851920866 | Lord Dunmore | Royal british governor of Virginia. In 1755 he issued a proclamation promising freedom for any enslaved black in Virginia who joined the British Army "Lord Dunmore's Ethiopian Regiment" | 24 | |
| 14851931237 | Marquis de Lafayette | He was very rich and noble when he arrived in America at the age of 19 years old. He believed in the liberty that the Americans were fighting for and asked to help. He became a general on Washington's staff and fought hard. He was known as "the soldier's friend," and is buried in france but his grave is covered with earth from Bunker Hill. | 25 | |
| 14851932835 | George III | English monarch at the time of the revolution. He was the main opposition for the colonies due to his stubborn attitude and unwillingness to hear out colonial requests/grievances. | 26 | |
| 14851933401 | Crispus Attucks (1723-1770) | Runaway slave and leader of the Boston protests that resulted in the "Boston Massacre," in which Attucks was first to die. | 27 | |
| 14851933944 | Valley Forge | Place where Washington's army spent the winter of 1777-1778, a 4th of troops died here from disease and malnutriton, Steuben comes and trains troops | 28 | |
| 14851934810 | camp followers | Women and children who followed the Continental Army during the American Revolution, providing vital services such as cooking and sewing in return for rations. | 29 | |
| 14851936362 | Admiralty Courts | British courts originally established to try cases involving smuggling or violations of the Navigation Acts which the British government sometimes used to try American criminals in the colonies. Trials in Admiralty Courts were heard by judges without a jury. | 30 | |
| 14851938255 | John Hancock | Patriot leader and president of the Second Continental Congress; first person to sign the Declaration of Independence. | 31 |
