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| 6090242726 | Freedmen | former slaves | 0 | |
| 6090242727 | Freedman's Bureau | created 1865 -created to help freedman become independent -welfare program: food, clothing, medical car, education -best at education -Johnson vetoes | 1 | |
| 6090242728 | Presidential Reconstruction | Lincoln: 10% of southern voters from pre civil war vote to join union -congress disagreed, wanted 50% (Wade-Davis Bill) Johnson: 10% + pardons south planter aristocracy + S. states must repeal articles of secession, repudiate Confederate debt, and ratify 13th amendment | 2 | |
| 6090242729 | Wade-Davis Bill | 1864- required 50% of voters from 1860 to pledge alliance to Union -Lincoln vetoes | 3 | |
| 6090242730 | Black Codes | -S. wanted to regulate affairs of former slaves -labor codes unfair to blacks -tried to get blacks to stay where they were pre-civil to keep cheap labor pool -required everyone to have a job -sundown laws -apprenticeship laws -punished idleness | 4 | |
| 6090242731 | sharecropping | After the Civil War former landowners "rented" plots of land to blacks and poor whites in such a way that the renters were always in debt and therefore tied to the land. | 5 | |
| 6090242732 | Congressional Radical Reconstruction | -S. congressmen were former Confederate leaders -S. had more representation (no 3/5 anymore) -Democrats can block progressive laws | 6 | |
| 6090242733 | Civil Rights Act of 1866 | -confirmed former slaves citizenship, -declared that all persons born in the United States were now citizens, without regard to race, color, or previous condition -congress overrides Johnson's veto | 7 | |
| 6090242734 | Ex Parte Milligan | 1866 - Supreme Court ruled that military trials of civilians were illegal unless the civil courts are inoperative or the region is under martial law. | 8 | |
| 6090242735 | scalawags | A derogatory term for white Southerners who supported Reconstruction following the Civil War. | 9 | |
| 6090242736 | Carpetbaggers | A derogatory term applied to Northerners who migrated south during the Reconstruction to take advantage of opportunities to advance their own fortunes by buying up land from desperate Southerners and by manipulating new black voters to obtain lucrative government contracts. | 10 | |
| 6090242737 | Seward's Folly | The acquisition of the Alaska territory by the US from Russia in 1867 this area was twice as large as Texas $7.2M | 11 | |
| 6090242738 | King Cotton | -quick profit -50% of US export, 50% of world supply -tied north to slavery | 12 | |
| 6090242739 | Plantation system | -1% of pop. owned majority of land and slaves -cotton hard on the environment -monopolistic economy -not much immigration | 13 | |
| 6090242740 | Slave Life | -inculcation -no civil or political rights -conditions varied a lot -marriages not legal -owners realized healthy slaves were worth more, treated like a animal or piece of equipment -took up christianity -90% illiterate | 14 | |
| 6090242741 | Nat Turner | Black preacher, Leader of a slave rebellion in 1831 in Virginia. Revolt led to the deaths of 20 whites and 40 blacks and led to the "gag rule' outlawing any discussion of slavery in the House of Representatives | 15 | |
| 6090242742 | peculiar institution | A euphemism for slavery and the economic ramifications of it in the American South. The term aimed to explain away the seeming contradiction of legalized slavery in a country whose Declaration of Independence states that "all men are created equal". It was one of the key causes of the Civil War. | 16 | |
| 6090242743 | William L. Garrison | founded "The Liberator" -abolitionist newspaper | 17 | |
| 6090242744 | Sojourner Truth | former slave, women's rights and slave emancipation activist, NY | 18 | |
| 6090242745 | The Liberator | Antislavery newspaper published by William Lloyd Garrison, who called for the immediate emancipation of all slaves. | 19 | |
| 6090242746 | Fredrick Douglass | escaped slavery at 21 yrs old -mulatto, good orator and writer -a leading African American spokesman and writer | 20 | |
| 6090242747 | Gag Resolution | tabled all antislavery discussion in House 1836; passed by pro slavery southerners | 21 | |
| 6090242748 | Popular Sovereignty | Kansas-Nebraska act- agreement that people in the territories would vote on slavery, took issue to common people | 22 | |
| 6090242749 | Wilmot Proviso | 1846-proposed bill: no slavery in territories acquired in M/A war | 23 | |
| 6090242750 | Free Soil Party | -abolitionist party Pro: wilmot proviso, federal aid for internal improvements, free gov't homesteads -foreshadow to Republican Party -"free soil, free speech, free labor, free men" | 24 | |
| 6090242751 | Underground Railroad | stations=antislavery homes passengers=runaway slaves conducts=abolitionists -helped 1000 slaves escape -stationmasters received no $ | 25 | |
| 6090242752 | Harriet Tubman | illiterate runaway slave from MD, rescued 300+ slaves, called "Moses" | 26 | |
| 6090242753 | fire eaters | Southerns wanting secession | 27 | |
| 6090242754 | William Seward | NY: Christianity "higher law" forbidding slavery -arranged Alaska with Russia | 28 | |
| 6090242755 | compromise of 1850 | North: CA admitted as free state, no slave trading in district of Columbia South: TX $10M compensation for NM line, harder fugitive-slave laws | 29 | |
| 6090242756 | "Personal Liberty laws" | north's version of nullification -hampered enforcement of fugitive slave laws | 30 | |
| 6090242757 | Fugitive Slave Laws | The regulations for northern states to return runaway slaves back to servitude -comissioners that prosecuted runaway slaves paid unfairly to return slaves to south -northern states refused to comply | 31 | |
| 6090242758 | Franklin Pierce | 14th President, Democrat surprise candidate, relatively unknown -made the Gadsden Purchase, which opened the Northwest for settlement, and passed the unpopular Kansas-Nebraska Act. | 32 | |
| 6090242759 | Ostend Manifesto | -US offers $20M for Cuba -north refused: Uncle Tom's helped out -slavery issue checked 1850's terr. expansion | 33 | |
| 6090242760 | Gadsden Purchase | for railroad, arranged by James Gadsden, brought area from Mexico for $10M (present day Arizona and New Mexico) | 34 | |
| 6090242761 | Stephen Douglas | Senator from Illinois, author of the Kansas-Nebraska Act & the Freeport Doctrine, argues in favor of popular sovereignty; debated Lincoln prior to the 1860 presidential election | 35 | |
| 6090242762 | Kansas- Nebraska Act | 1854-A plan to split up the remaining Louisiana territory in to Kansas and Nebraska and throwing away the old Missouri Compromise of abolishing slavery north of the 36' 30' line -created by Stephen Douglas, lost North support | 36 | |
| 6090242763 | 1850 | compromise of ________, fugitive slave laws | 37 | |
| 6090242764 | Harriet Beecher Stowe | wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin never witnessed deep south slavery | 38 | |
| 6090242765 | Uncle Tom's Cabin | -appeal to pathos -turned Northerns and foreigners against south -helped start and win Civil War 1852 | 39 | |
| 6090242766 | John Brown | radical abolitionist -killed 5 men, began Bleeding Kansas 1856 -attempted to lead a slave revolt by capturing Armories in southern territory and giving weapons to slaves, was hung in Harpers Ferry after capturing an Armory | 40 | |
| 6090242767 | Bleeding Kansas | (1856) a series of violent fights between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces in Kansas who had moved to Kansas to try to influence the decision of whether or not Kansas would a slave state or a free state. | 41 | |
| 6090242768 | LeCompton Constitution | proslavery supporters create Kansas Constitution with part where existing slave owners were protected, only allowed people to vote on issue of slavery not entire constitution | 42 | |
| 6090242769 | Zachary Taylor | (1849-1850), Whig president who was a Southern slave holder, and war hero (Mexican-American War). Won the 1848 election. Surprisingly did not address the issue of slavery at all on his platform. He died during his term and his Vice President was Millard Fillmore. | 43 | |
| 6090242770 | Millard Fillmore | Successor of President Zachary Taylor after his death -helped pass the Compromise of 1850 by gaining the support of Northern Whigs for the compromise. | 44 | |
| 6090242771 | James Buchanan | Democrat under S. influence -pro LeCompton Con.-unable to keep SC from seceding | 45 | |
| 6090242772 | Dred Scott | supreme court case: owner had lived with him in Ill. (free state), so Scott sued for his freedom -ruling: by Taney-Scott not a citizen, cannot sue; slaves were property so owners could go wherever, Missouri Compromise unconstitutional -*majority of court was southerns* | 46 | |
| 6090242773 | Robert Taney | Chief Justice, first appointed by Jackson as a thankyou -dred scott case | 47 | |
| 6090242774 | Panic of 1857 | -land speculation, tariffs, CA gold inflating currency -hit North because grain price dropped -didn't effect South, proof cotton is king | 48 | |
| 6090242775 | Abe Lincoln | -moderate Republican -ran against Douglas for Ill. senate seat *lost* -President during civil war -tried to be nice to South, killed by John Wilkes Booth | 49 | |
| 6090242776 | Freeport Doctrine | no matter how Supreme court rules, if people vote against it their choice holds created by Stephen Douglas -caused him to lose S. support | 50 | |
| 6090242777 | Harper's Ferry | John Brown took over fed. arsenal to start slave uprising 1859 |  | 51 |
| 6090242778 | 1861 | creation of the Confederate States of America -SC. Ala. Miss. Fl. Geo. Lou. TX | 52 | |
| 6090242779 | Crittenden Compromise | attempt to prevent Civil War- give southern states and territories now and in the future rights to slavery below 36' 30 line -not passed | 53 | |
| 6090242780 | Robert E. Lee | Confederate general who had opposed secession but did not believe the Union should be held together by force | 54 | |
| 6090242781 | Ulysses Grant | Union general | 55 | |
| 6090242782 | Jefferson Davis | President of the Confederacy -states rights & secession made it hard for S. to stay together -no personality popularity | 56 | |
| 6090242783 | John Wilkes Booth | Assassinated Abraham Lincoln | 57 | |
| 6090242784 | Trent Affair | union ship took 2 confederate diplomats off a Brit. ship -tensions w/ Brit -Lincoln released diplomats | 58 | |
| 6090242785 | Merrimack & Monitor | Merrimack- S. 1st ironclad, wrecking N. ships Monitor- N. afraid Merrimack would break through barricade | 59 | |
| 6090242786 | Secession | formal separation from an alliance or federation | 60 | |
| 6090242787 | Cotton GIn | ELi Whitney -made cotton even more dominant in South economy | 61 | |
| 6090242788 | conscience whigs | (1840s and 1850s) Northern Whigs who opposed slavery on moral grounds. -sought to prevent the annexation of Texas as a slave state, fearing that the new slave territory would only serve to buttress the Southern "slave power". | 62 | |
| 6090242789 | Battle of Antietam | Civil War battle in which the North suceedeed in halting Lee's Confederate forces in Maryland. Was the bloodiest battle of the war resulting in 25,000 casualties - September 17, 1862 | 63 | |
| 6090242790 | Emancipation Proclamation | -Lincoln 1863: declared all slaves in Confederate states free -did not free slaves in border states -civil war became moral crusade -gained support of working class in Britain | 64 | |
| 6090242791 | 13 amendment | abolished slavery 1865 | 65 | |
| 6090242792 | 14 amendment | all people are citizens and no state has the right to deprive any citizen of life, liberty, or property 1868 | 66 | |
| 6090242793 | 15 amendment | All US born citizen has voting rights. Banned racial restrictions on voting. United States may not prevent a citizen from voting based on that citizen's race, color. 1869 | 67 | |
| 6090242794 | Copperheads | extreme N. Demo wanting peace w/ S. against war and Lincoln | 68 | |
| 6090242795 | border states | Delaware, Maryland, W. Virginia, Kentucky, and Missouri |  | 69 |
| 6090242796 | Confederate states | South Carolina, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia, join later- Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina, Virginia |  | 70 |
| 6090242797 | fort sumter | Federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina; the confederate attack on the fort marked the start of the Civil War |  | 71 |
| 6090242798 | richmond | Capital of the Confederacy |  | 72 |
| 6090242799 | Kansas/Nebraska Territory |  | 73 | |
| 6090242800 | Mexican Cession Territory | Gained from the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |  | 74 |
| 6090242801 | Sutter's Mill | location where gold was discovered in California in 1848 setting off the gold rush |  | 75 |
| 6090242802 | Tenure in Office act | Law that required the President to get consent from the Senate before removing cabinet members; was a trick to impeach Johnson. | 76 | |
| 6090242803 | Second Great Awakening | widespread religious movement in the United States in the early 1800s -radicalized political leaders | 77 | |
| 6090242804 | Scott v. Sanford | Speaking for a widely divided court, Chief Justice Taney ruled that Dred Scott was not a citizen and had no standing in court; Scott's residence in a free state and territory had not made him free since he returned to Missouri; Congress had no power to prohibit slavery in a territory (based on the 5th Amendment right of a person to be secure from seizure of property), thus voiding the Missouri Compromise of 1820. | 78 | |
| 6090242805 | Missouri Compromise | "Compromise of 1820" over the issue of slavery in Missouri. It was decided Missouri entered as a slave state and Maine entered as a free state and all states North of the 36th parallel were free states and all South were slave states. | 79 | |
| 6090242806 | Johnson's Impeachment | Johnson was impeached on because he fired the secretary of war stanton which was previously deemed illegal. Violation of Tenure Act. | 80 | |
| 6090242807 | Higher Law Speech | William Seward's speech in the senate, christianity as the "high law" forbade slavery | 81 | |
| 6090242808 | Force Acts | Passed by Congress following a wave of KKK violence, the acts banned clan membership, prohibited the use of intimidation to prevent blacks from voting, and gave the U.S. military the authority to enforce the acts; to protect the constitution rights guaranteed to blacks by the 14th and 15th Amendments (1870-Grant) | 82 | |
| 6090242809 | Creole affair | an uprising by a group of slaves who were in the process of being transported in the ship, the Creole. They killed the captain, took control of ship and sailed for Bahamas, where they became free under British. Incidents such as this contributed to the intensification of sectional conflict in the United States. | 83 | |
| 6090242810 | Draft riots | Conscription Act in 1863 forced men between 20-45 years old to be eligible for conscription but one could avoid it if they paid 300 or got someone in their place; provoked anger from poor workers -lots in NY by Irish | 84 | |
| 6090242811 | 1865 | End of Civil War Lincoln Assassinated | 85 | |
| 6090242812 | 1877 | End of Reconstruction, Pres. withdraws troops from South | 86 | |
| 6090242813 | Ku Klux Klan | est. 1866 in TN -terrorist group -attacked Af-Am leaders -state did not respond | 87 | |
| 6090242814 | Election of 1866 | -johnson swinging round the circle -gave Republicans veto-proof majority in congress | 88 | |
| 6090242815 | Election of 1860 | Republicans likely winner, 4 nominees, Lincoln was the most moderate -SC promised to secede if Lincoln was pres. -Lincoln said little about slavery besides what rep. platform said: no extension of slavery | 89 |
