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AP US History Court Cases Flashcards

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9855357608Marbury v. Madison 1803Established precedent of federal courts using judicial review0
9855357609Dartmouth College v. Woodward 1819Made the contract clause of the Constitution over the power of the states1
9855357610McCulloh v. Maryland 1819Established national supremacy of the Constitution over the power of the states.2
9855357611Dred Scot v. Sanford 1858Overturned Missouri Compromise, slavery can exist anywhere, slaves are not human, deserve no protections in rights.3
9855357612Plessy v. Ferguson 1896Allowed separate but equal facilities based on race.4
9855357613Schenck v. U.S 1919Clear and present danger test of 1st amendment free speech.5
9855357614Gitlow v. New York 1925Established precedent federalizing the Bill of Rights to overturn state laws.6
9855357615Smith v. Allwright 1944The denying of African Americans the right to vote in a primary election was found to be a violation of the 15th Amendment.7
9855357616Dennis v. U.S. 1951Found Smith Act unconstitutional, can advocate the overthrow of the government as long as not actively seeking a way to do so.8
9855357617Brown v. Board 1954Declared school segregation unconstitutional.9
9855357618Mapp v. Ohio 1961Established the exclusionary rule for police searches under the 4th Amendment.10
9855357619Engel v. Vitale 1962Prohibited state sponsored recitation of prayer in public school.11
9855357620Baker v. Carr 1962Ordered state representative districts to be near as equal as possible. "One man one vote."12
9855357621Gideon v. Wainright 1963Ordered states to provide legal defense for those who can't afford one.13
9855357622New York Times v. Sullivan 1964The court held that the First Amendment protects the publication of all statements, even false ones that are considered libel or slander, about the conduct of public officials except when statements are made with actual malice.14
9855357623Griswald v. Connecticut 1965Established the implied right of privacy in birth control case through the 4th and 9th Amendments15
9855357624Miranda v. Arizona 1966Established the verbal Miranda warnings which must be given to a suspect during arrest and detention.16
9855357625Epperson v. Arkansas 1968Prohibited states from banning the teaching of evolution in public schools.17
9855357626Brandenburg v. Ohio 1969Brandenburg, a leader in the Ku Klux Clan, made a speech at a Klan rally and was later convicted under an Ohio criminal syndicalism law. The law was found unconstitutional under the 1st and 14th Amendments.18
9855357627New York Times v. U.S. 1971The Pentagon Papers case ruled the Nixon Administration's efforts to prevent the publication, prior restraint, of what it termed "classified information" violated the First Amendment.19
9855357628Roe v. Wade 1973Established national abortion guidelines by extending the inferred right of privacy from Griswold.20
9855357629U.S. v. Nixon 1974Allowed for executive privilege except in criminal cases.21

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