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| 175245109 | Serviceman's Readjustment Act | 1944, it provides Veterans of WWII with unemployment insurance and money for housing and college | |
| 175245110 | Levittown | In 1947, mass production techniques to build inexpensive homes in surburban New York to help relieve the postwar housing shortage. It became a symbol of the movement to the suburbs in the years after WWII. | |
| 175245111 | Taft-Hartley Act | 1. outlawed "closed shops and required union leaders to sign loyalty oath 2. required 80 day cooling off period before strike | |
| 175245112 | Fair Deal | Truman's extension of the New Deal that increased min wage, expanded Social Security, and constructed low-income housing | |
| 175245113 | Truman Doctrine | First established in 1947 after Britain no longer could afford to provide anti-communist aid to Greece and Turkey, it pledged to provide U.S. military and economic aid to any nation threatened by communism. | |
| 175245114 | Marshall Plan | a plan for aiding the European nations in economic recovery after World War II in order to stabilize and rebuild their countries and prevent the spread of communism. | |
| 175245115 | Berlin airlift | 1948 US supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when Kruschev closed off land access to Berlin | |
| 175245116 | National Security Act | Passed in 1947 in response to perceived threats from the Soviet Union after WWII. It established the Department of Defense and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and National Security Council. | |
| 175245117 | Interstate Highway System | Endorsed by President Eisenhower. Spent $80 billion for construction of 40,000 miles of highway | |
| 175245118 | massive retaliation | Eisenhower's policy; it advocated the full use of American nuclear weapons to counteract even a Soviet ground attack in Europe | |
| 175245119 | Dien Bien Phu | The place that the final battle took place that forced the French out of Vietnam | |
| 175245120 | Suez Canal Crisis | Military attack on Egypt by Britain, France, and Israel in 1956 after Egypt seized the Suez Canal from British administration. | |
| 175245121 | Eisenhower Doctrine | it pledged US military and economic aid to Middle Eastern nations threatened by Communist aggression | |
| 175245122 | Sputnik | In October 1957, the Soviet Union surprised the world by launching this. The resulting outcry in the United States, especially fears that the Soviets were ahead in both space exploration and military missiles, forced the Eisenhower administration to increase defense spending and accelerate America's space program. | |
| 175245123 | U-2 Incident | The incident when an American spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union. The U.S. denied the true purpose of the plane at first, but was forced to when the U.S.S.R. produced the living pilot and the largely intact plane to validate their claim of being spied on aerially. The incident worsened East-West relations during the Cold War and was a great embarrassment for the United States. | |
| 175245124 | New Frontier | The campaign program advocated by JFK in the 1960 election. He promised to revitalize the stagnant economy and enact reform legislation in education, health care, and civil rights. | |
| 175245125 | Bay of Pigs Invasion | US invasion of Cuba, Humiliating disaster for JFK | |
| 175245126 | Cuban Missile Crisis | an international crisis in October 1962, the closest approach to nuclear war at any time between the U.S. and the USSR. When the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles on Cuba, President John F. Kennedy demanded their removal and announced a naval blockade of the island; the Soviet leader Khrushchev acceded to the U.S. demands a week later. | |
| 175245127 | Civil Rights Act | LBJ passed this in 1964. Prohibited discrimination of African Americans in employement, voting, or public accomidations. Also said there could be no discrimination against race, color, sex, religion, or national origin. | |
| 175245128 | Warren Court | the chief justice that overturned Plessy v. Ferguson in Brown v. Board of Education (1954); he was the first justice to help the civil rights movement, judicial activism | |
| 175245129 | Chicago Democratic Convention | many radical Democrats gathered For one week police and demonstrators skirmished Mayor of Chicago turned police on crowd --> demonstrators as well as bystanders killed --> Shows weakness in Democratic Party | |
| 175245130 | Vietnamization | President Richard Nixons strategy for ending U.S involvement in the Vietnam war, involving a gradual withdrawal of American troops and replacement of them with South Vietnamese forces | |
| 175245131 | Cambodia bombings | April 30, 1970; secret bombing campaign against Vietminh supply lines in neutral Cambodia; people outraged when the news broke in America | |
| 175245132 | Henry Kissinger | advisor to Presidents Nixon and Ford; architect of the Vietnam settlement, the diplomatic opening of China, and détente with the Soviet Union. | |
| 175245133 | detente | A lessening of tensions between U.S. and Soviet Union. Besides disarming missiles to ensure a lasting peace between superpowers, Nixon pressed for trade relations and a limited military budget. | |
| 175245134 | SALT | negotiations between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1969 designed to limit both countries' stock of nuclear weapons | |
| 175245135 | stagflation | Economic problem in the late 1970's under President Nixon in which there was both high inflation and high unemployment. | |
| 175245136 | War Powers Act | Limits the ability of the president to commit troops to combat-48 hours to tell Congress when and why the troops were sent. Passed because of Nixon's unauthorized attacks on Cambodia | |
| 175245137 | OPEC embargo | 1973 Cut off supply of oil as protest of U.S. support of Israel | |
| 175245138 | Camp David Accord | In 1978 an agreement between the heads of Israel and Egypt that began a progress of peace in the Middle East. Pres. Probably Carter's greatest achievement | |
| 175245139 | Iranian hostage crisis | In 1979, Iranian fundamentalists seized the American embassy in Tehran and held fifty-three American diplomats hostage for over a year. The Iranian hostage crisis weakened the Carter presidency; the hostages were finally released on January 20, 1981, the day Ronald Reagan became president. | |
| 175245140 | Three Mile Island | In 1979, a partial meltdown crippled the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania. This deepened public concerns about nuclear power. |
