ID's for Chapter 1- New World Beginnings of AP United States History.
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| 1582271781 | Francisco Pizarro | Conquered the Incas in Peru and shipped tons of metals to Spain which Caused inflation in Europe. | 0 | |
| 1582271782 | Juan Ponce de Leon | Spanish Explorer who discovered and named Florida in 1513 while searching for the "Fountain of Youth". | 1 | |
| 1582271783 | Hernando de Soto | Spanish explorer who discovered and claimed the Mississippi River for Spain. | 2 | |
| 1582271784 | Montezuma | Aztec Emperor; encountered Cortes and the Spanish and saw that they rode horses; He welcomed them hospitably, but the explorers soon turned on the natives and ruled them for three centuries. | 3 | |
| 1582271785 | Christopher Columbus | An Italian navigator who was funded by the Spanish Government to find a passage to the Far East. He is given credit for discovering the "New World," even though at his death he believed he had made it to India. He made four voyages to the "New World." The first sighting of land was on October 12, 1492, and three other journies until the time of his death in 1503. | 4 | |
| 1582271786 | Hernan Cortes | 1485-1547, Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico | 5 | |
| 1582271787 | Francisco Coronado | A Spanish soldier and commander; in 1540, he led an expedition north from Mexico into Arizona; he was searching for the legendary Seven Cities of Gold, but only found Adobe pueblos. | 6 | |
| 1582271788 | Robert de La Salle | Frenchman who followed the Mississippi River all the way to the Gulf of Mexico, claiming the region for France and naming it Louisiana in honor of King Louis XIV | 7 | |
| 1582271789 | Jacques Cartier | French explorer who explored the St. Lawrence river and laid claim to the region (Canada) for France (1491-1557) | 8 | |
| 1582271790 | Giovanni da Verrazano | Italian explorer who explored North America, looking for a Northwest Passage. | 9 | |
| 1582271791 | John Cabot | 1497, Italian navigator, sailed to Newfoundland (Canada) for King Henry VII of England | 10 | |
| 1582271792 | Vasco Nunez Balboa | Spanish explorer who became the first European to see the Pacific Ocean in 1510 while exploring Panama. | 11 | |
| 1582271793 | Ferdinand of Aragon | Along with Isabella of Castile, monarch of largest Christian kingdoms in Iberia; marriage to Isabella create united Spain; responsible for reconquest of Granada, initiation of exploration of New World. | 12 | |
| 1582271794 | Isabella of Castile | Along with Ferdinand of Aragon, monarch of largest Christian kingdoms in Iberia; marriage to Ferdinand created united Spain; responsible for reconquest of Granada, initiation of exploration of New World. | 13 | |
| 1582271795 | Quetzalcoatl | Aztec nature god, feathered serpent, his disappearance and promised return coincided with the arrival of Cortes | 14 | |
| 1582271796 | Bartholomeu Dias | Portuguese explorer who in 1488 was the first European to get round the Cape of Good Hope (thus establishing a sea route from the Atlantic to Asia) (1450-1500) | 15 | |
| 1582271797 | Hiawatha | A Mohawk leader who called members of five groups together forming the Iroquis Confederacy around 1570. | 16 | |
| 1582271798 | Bartolome de Las Casas | First bishop of Chiapas, in southern Mexico. He devoted most of his life to protecting Amerindian peoples from exploitation. His major achievement was the New Laws of 1542, which limited the ability of Spanish settlers to compel Amerindians to labor. | 17 | |
| 1582271799 | Ferdinand Magellan | (1480?-1521) Portuguese-born navigator. Hired by Spain to sail to the Indies in 1519. Magellan was killed in the Philippines (1521). One of his ships returned to Spain (1522), thereby completing the first circumnavigation of the globe. | 18 | |
| 1582271800 | Vasco de Gama | A Portuguese sailor who was the first European to sail around southern Africa to the Indian Ocean. | 19 | |
| 1582271801 | Mestizos | A person of mixed Native American and European ancestry. | 20 | |
| 1582271802 | Treaty of Tordesillas | A 1494 agreement between Portugal and Spain, declaring that newly discovered lands to the west of an imaginary line in the Atlantic Ocean would belong to Spain and newly discovered lands to the east of the line would belong to Portugal. | 21 | |
| 1582271803 | "Three Sister" Farming | A technique that allowed the Indians in North America to grow corn, beans and squash on the same field. This technique produced some of the highest population densities on the continent | 22 | |
| 1582271804 | Mound Builders | native american civilizations of the eastern region of north america that created distinctive earthen works that served as elaborate burial places. | 23 | |
| 1582271805 | Spanish Armada | "Invincible" group of ships sent by King Philip II of Spain to invade England in 1588; Armada was defeated by smaller, more maneuverable English "sea dogs" in the Channel; marked the beginning of English naval dominance and fall of Spanish dominance. | 24 | |
| 1582271806 | Black Legend | Concept that Spanish conquerors merely tortured and murdered Indians, stole gold and infected them with smallpox, leaving nothing of benefit. | 25 | |
| 1582271807 | Conquistadores | Spanish for conquerors. Men who traveled extensively through the Americas, leading small armies of men, and who established themselves as imperial rulers. | 26 | |
| 1582271808 | Aztecs | (1200-1521) 1300, they settled in the valley of Mexico. Grew corn. Engaged in frequent warfare to conquer others of the region. Worshiped many gods (polytheistic). Believed the sun god needed human blood to continue his journeys across the sky. Practiced human sacrifices and those sacrificed were captured warriors from other tribes and those who volunteered for the honor. | 27 | |
| 1582271809 | Pope's Rebellion | An Indian uprising in 1680 where pueblo rebels in an attempt to resist catholicism and Europeans altogether destroyed every catholic church in the province and killed scores of priests and hundreds of spanish settlers. | 28 | |
| 1582271810 | Pueblo Indians | The Pueblo Indians lived in the Southwestern United States. They built extensive irrigation systems to water their primary crop, which was corn. Their houses were multi-storied buildings made of adobe. | 29 | |
| 1582271811 | Iroquois Confederacy | An alliance of five northeastern Amerindian peoples [the Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondoga, and Oneida] (after 1722 six) that made decisions on military and diplomatic issues through a council of representatives. Allied first with the Dutch and later with the English, it dominated W. New England. | 30 | |
| 1582271812 | St. Augustine, Florida | City in Florida where Spain established the first lasting European post in North America in 1565. | 31 | |
| 1582271813 | Encomienda | A grant of authority over a population of Amerindians in the Spanish colonies. It provided the grant holder with a supply of cheap labor and periodic payments of goods by the Amerindians. It obliged the grant holder to Christianize the Amerindians. | 32 | |
| 1582271814 | malinchista | Word for traitor in Mexican, derived from the name of Cortes' translator Malinche. | 33 | |
| 1582271815 | Dia de la Raza | known as Columbus Day. It was celebrated by Mexicans as the birth of a wholly new race of people. | 34 |
