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| 6172338343 | Oliver O. Howard (1830-1909) | Union General put in charge of the Freedmen's Bureau during Reconstruction. He later founded and served as president of Howard University, an institution aimed at educating African American students. | 0 | |
| 6172338344 | Andrew Johnson (1808-1875) | Seventeenth president of the United States, North Carolina-born He assumed the presidency after Lincoln's assassination in 1865. Much to the disgust of Radical Republicans in Congress, He, a Democrat, took a conciliatory approach to the South during Reconstruction, granting sweeping pardons to former Confederates and supporting Southern Black Codes against freedmen. In 1868, He was impeached by the House of Representatives for breaching the Tenure of Office Act. Acquitted by the Senate, he remained in office to serve out his term. | 1 | |
| 6172338345 | Hiram Revels (c. 1827-1901) | First African-American Senator, elected in 1870 to the Mississippi seat previously occupied by Jefferson Davis. Born to free black parents in North Carolina, He worked as a minister throughout the South before entering politics. After serving for just one year, he returned to Mississippi to head a college for African American males. | 2 | |
| 6172338346 | William Seward (1801-1872) | U.S. Senator and Secretary of State under Abraham Lincoln. An avid opponent of slavery, He was a leading candidate for the Republican nomination in both 1856 and 1860. Later, as one of Lincoln's closest advisers, he helped handle the difficult tasks of keeping European nations out of the Civil War. He is best known, however, for negotiating the purchase of Alaska, dubbed "Seward's Folly" by expansion-weary opponents of the deal. | 3 | |
| 6172338347 | Edwin M. Stanton (1814-1869) | Secretary of War under Presidents Lincoln and Johnson, He advocated for stronger measures against the South during Reconstruction, particularly after widespread violence against African Americans erupted in the region. In 1868, Johnson removed him in violation of the 1867 Tenure of Office Act, giving pretence for Radical Republicans in the House to impeach him. | 4 | |
| 6172338348 | Thaddeus Stevens (1792-1868) | Pennsylvania congressman who led the Radical Republican faction in the House of Representatives during and after the Civil War, advocating for abolition and later, the extension of civil rights to freed blacks. He also called for land redistribution as a means to break the power of the planter elite and provide African Americans with the economic means to sustain their newfound independence. | 5 | |
| 6172338349 | Benjamin Wade (1800-1878) | A founder of the Republican Party and Senator from Ohio from 1851 to 1869. A passionate abolitionist, he pressured President Lincoln throughout the Civil War to pursue harsher policies toward the South. He co-sponsored the Wade-Davis Bill in 1864, which required 50 percent of the registered voters of a southern state to take a loyalty oath as a precondition for restoration to the Union, rather than the 10 percent proposed by Lincoln. As President Pro Tem of the Senate in 1868, he was next in line for the presidency should Andrew Johnson be impeached, and the prospect that someone of such radical views might become president may have contributed to the failure of the effort to impeach Johnson. | 6 |
