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| 7734681613 | Albany Plan of Union | The purpose of the Albany Plan of Union was to facilitate the colonial efforts during the Seven Years War. But they did not unify due to the fact that people were too scared to unify due to a fear of centralized power. | 0 | |
| 7734681614 | Tories | People who wanted to be ruled by a strong king | 1 | |
| 7734681615 | Whigs | People who wanted more rights for the people | 2 | |
| 7734681616 | What was one of the main dividing points between the Federalists and Democratic Republicans? | Foreign Affairs | 3 | |
| 7734681617 | Olive Branch Petition | In 1775, some members of the Continental Congress still hoped for reconciliation, and the king eventually rejected the position | 4 | |
| 7734681618 | Second Continental Congress | in 1776, when they made the Declaration of Independence. | 5 | |
| 7734681619 | First Continental Congress | Met up to bring together resistance against British enforcements of stuff like taxes | 6 | |
| 7734681621 | What was the basis of the Constitution? | It was based on the principle of federalism and separation of powers. The Articles of Confederation did not fulfill the need for a stronger central government that arose from some problems. | 7 | |
| 7734681622 | Explain the impact of English population growth on French-Indian fur trade networks and alliances of Indian nations with competing European powers. | As the English population grew and started to push into France's land, challenging France's profitable fur trade, American tribes were forced to adjust alliances in the wake of the French Revolution and Indian War between Great Britain and France. Most natives, however, took the side of the French because they had been more accommodating to them. Then, the Americans tried to take over French forts which led to squirmishes with the natives (such as Pontiac's rebellion), so the king issued the Proclamation Act (1763). However, the colonists disobeyed that and kept on moving in anyway. The Treaty of Fort Stanwix was issued, which led to more discontent among the Natives. So many people lost their lives in these conflicts. | 8 | |
| 7734681623 | Explain examples of how Great Britain's massive debt from the Seven Years' War resulted in a renewed effort to consolidated imperial control over North American markets, taxes and political institutions. | Due to the massive debt incurred from the Seven Years' War, great Britain attempted to levy taxes from its colonies in order to consolidate imperial control over North American markets, taxes, and political institutions. It taxed import duties on items such as sugar, tea, and molasses along with internal duties such as the stamp act. They believed that the outcome of the war had been beneficial to the colonists and wanted to reap the benefits of it for themselves. The Sugar Act was levied, and even though it actually decreased the price of sugar, it had a crackdown on smuggling and shifted prosecutions of smuggling cases from local jury trials to British maritime courts. The Stamp Act, however, angered people the most because they were not aimed at regulating trade, but were aimed at increasing revenue and affected the lives of everyday people. | 9 | |
| 7734681624 | Explain the reasons for the colonial opposition to the Proclamation Line of 1763, and describe attempts of native groups to resist the encroachment of colonists on tribal lands. | Colonists were deeply angers by the Proclamation Line of 1763. They had just fought in the Seven Years' War and did not like being restricted on their own land. They wanted to expand, but the British would not let them. Native groups would very often attempt to resist the enrouchment of colonists on tribal lands. One of these groups, or Pontiac's rebellion, was quite famous in resisting the expansion of the colonists. There was also the one at Wabash River which result in a lot of Americans being killed. | 10 | |
| 7734681625 | Give examples of the taxes that were passed on the colonists without direct colonial representation that began to unite the colonists before the outbreak of war. (1760s) | There were several import duties that the British levied on its colonists such as the ones on sugar, tea, and molasses. However, the ones that seemed to unite the colonists the most, was the internal duties such as the one on paper AKA the Stamp Act. This made nine of the thirteen colonies send delegates to meet in New York and draw up a list of grievances. They called no taxation without representation and a serious of proposals , called the Virginia Resolves, were passed by Patrick Henry that went beyond the more moderate proposals. The Sons of Liberty often resorted to violence, attacking Stamp Act agents. The citizens also fought back in the Boston Massacre and the Gaspee Affair. The Boston Tea Party was probably the biggest Act which resulted in the Intolerable/Coercive Acts. | 11 | |
| 7734681626 | Discuss the main justifications used in calls for resistance to British taxation policy. | The main justifications in calls for resistance against British taxations policy were probably "taxation without representation" and the enlightenment policies. The Enlightenment helped the people to realize that the taxes were unjust, while the "taxation without representation" kind of branched off of that. | 12 | |
| 7734681627 | Explain the great lengths to which many Americans sacrificed to aid the Patriot cause during the war, in spite of British military occupation of some regions and economic shortages from the British blockade. | The battle of Bunker Hill really showed the British that they were not just fighting a bunch of hotheads, but a group of people ready to fight. They also got help from France after the Battle of Saratoga. | 13 | |
| 7734681628 | Examine the strengths and weaknesses of both colonists and the Crown in the American Revolution, and explain why the Patriot cause succeeded. | The British had a highly trained, professional army, the strongest navy in the world, and substantial financial resources. They also had the colonial population that remained royal to Britain and counted on the slaves and the Natives. However, they were fighting far from home, it was difficult to maintain supply lines, and their formal style of fighting was ill suited for the terrain. The Patriots had the advantage of fighting on their home territory and fighting for a cause they were passionate about, but they had a lack of financing and a lack of strong, central governing authority. | 14 | |
| 7734681629 | Who were three big Federalists? | Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison | 15 | |
| 7734681630 | Who were three big anti-Federalists? | Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson, and George Mason | 16 | |
| 7734681631 | Explain the impact of the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening on the coming revolution. | The Protestant evangelical movements that took place in the form of the Great Awakening shaped the worldview of many British colonists, inspiring themselves to think of themselves as the chosen people. John Locke was a great supporter of the Declaration of Independence and supported the Glorious Revolution because he believed that a ruler gain legitimacy through the consent of the governed. His theory of natural rights that the power to govern belongs to the people. This influenced the Declaration of Independence and Thomas Paine's Common Sense | 17 | |
| 7734681632 | Discuss the impact of the colonial ideal of self-governance as expressed in Common Sense and the Declaration of Independence. | This impact of this was that the state constitutions and Articles of Confederation kept the power close to home. They no longer wanted a strong tyrannical ruler and focused more on a government for the people. They wanted a republican government but some people clashed on the true meaning of a republican government. Some people believed that a republican government was filled with virtuous and others were more focused on ambitions. | 18 | |
| 7734681633 | Provide a specific example of the following: during and after the American Revolution, an increased awareness of the inequalities in society motivated some individuals and groups to call for the abolition of slavery and greater political democracy in the new state and national governments. | Because the American revolution called for the natural rights of people, people started to think about how slaves had natural rights. Because of this, some states, such as Vermont, outlawed slavery along with Pennsylvania because it called for the gradual emancipation of slavery. | 19 | |
| 7734681634 | Define "Republican Motherhood" and explain how the role of women evolved during this time period. | Greater importance was put on the role of women during this time period because one view of Republicanism was that each person would be virtuous and look after each other and put the needs of others before their own needs. Therefore, it became the women's responsibility to instill these beliefs in their children. | 20 | |
| 7734681635 | Identify the ideals set forth in the Declaration of Independence that had reverberations in France, Haiti, and Latin America, inspiring future rebellions. | The ideas of natural rights in the Declaration of Independence had reverberations in France, Haiti, and Latin America. Those in Latin America were most similar to the Revolution that happened in America. Haiti was the first successful slave rebellion. | 21 | |
| 7734681636 | Discuss the unicameral nature of many of the new state constitutions, as well as the maintaining of property qualifications for voting and citizenship that remained after independence. | The Articles of Confederation allowed two to seven delegates from each state to continue to work together in a unicameral legislature. They tried their best to draft constitution that reflected some form of direct democracy such as strengthening the lower legislative lower house to be more responsive to the will of the people. Although property qualifications remained after independence, Pennsylvania went on to abolish this. They even abolished the office of governor. Most states (led by Virginia) had a Bill of Rights. | 22 | |
| 7734681637 | Discuss the specific weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation in the areas of trade, finance, and interstate and foreign relations, as well as how it created internal unrest. | The Articles of Confederation proved to be quite weak. They were not able to solve some problems that called for a stronger central government. There were serious problems because of economic problems in which tons of paper money was printed, causing inflation and the taxes were not able to be passed because RI and NY were not on board. They were also focused on how not having a strong government would effect their presence on the world stage. They also weren't put together enough to have delegates to act on behalf of the whole Union in the US. | 23 | |
| 7734681638 | Examine the different proposals of the Constitutional Convention and explain the major compromises. | The first issue revolved around the representation of all the states. The bigger states, such as Virginia, wanted representatives based on populations, whereas the smaller states wanted one representative per state. These plans were dubbed the Virginia and New Jersey Plan respectively. We ended up having the Great Compromise, which called for a house of Representatives where the representatives would be determined by population of each state and Senate where each house would get two members. | 24 | |
| 7734681639 | Explain the major elements of the government created by the Constitution, such as federalism, checks and balances, and separation of powers. | They created three separate branches of government, which included the legislative branch (creates laws), executive branch (carries out laws), and the judicial branch (interprets laws). They also had the idea of checks and balances in which a president can veto bills passed by Congress, or the Supreme Court has the ability to strike down laws that it deems unconstitutional. Federalism refers to the evolving relationship between the national government and the states. It refers to the national government having considerably more power, even though states would hold onto certain reserved power. | 25 | |
| 7734681640 | Explain the main arguments made by Federalists and Anti-federalists for and against the Constitution, as well as for the reasoning for adding a Bill of Rights to the Constitution. | The Federalists argued that a powerful government with checks and balances. They also argued that a complex government, governing a large and diverse population was the best guarantee of liberty. People who argued for this were James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton. Anti-federalists did not want to go back to a monarchy and were worried that the government would be controlled by the elite and become distant from the wants of the people. However, people, after the admission of a Bill or Rights into the constitution, decided to join the Union and ratify the Constitution. | 26 | |
| 7734681641 | Provide examples of institutions and precedents introduced during the Washington and Adams administrations that put the principles of the Constitution into practice. | Washington allowed Hamilton to put in the National Bank under the elastic clause which connected the wealthy to the national Bank. There were two other parts to Hamilton's plan. He wanted the debts from the war years be paid back and many of the debt certificates had been sold by their holders and they started being exchanged as less than their original value. He also wanted people to pay back state debts incurred during the war. He also wanted to encourage manufacturing by imposing tariffs on foreign-made goods and subsidizing American industry. George Washington set into action the practice or regularly meeting with a presidential cabinet that was practiced by all American presidents. He also came up with an "unwritten constitution" with his cabinet, which included not running for more than two terms. | 27 | |
| 7734681642 | Explain how continued debates about such issues as the relationship between the national government and the states, economic policy, and the conduct of foreign affairs led to the creation of the first political parties. | The people who wanted the states to have more power were known as the antifederalists and the people who wanted the national government to have more power were known as the federalists. The Federalist party also supported the economic plan of Hamilton. The Alien and Sedition Acts also favored the Federalists and angered the Democratic Republican party because they made it hard for aliens to achieve American citizenship and made it a crime to defame the president or congress (which seemed to go against the first amendment). The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions brought up the idea of the nullification of government laws that they did not find consistent with the Constitution. | 28 | |
| 7734681643 | Explain the evolution of regional ideas about the existence and expansion of slavery during this time period. | The northern people had less slaves than the southern states. This evolved mostly because of the southerns deep need for slaves in their tobacco plantations and the northerners less of a need for slaves due to the fact that they were mostly people of the middling sorts who were able to work for themselves. Based on this, the 3/5ths compromise for representation was created. Also, the national government did not really want to talk about slavery and were willing to compromise on it later, but they did allowed the international slave trade to continue for 20 more years, and it was also clear that the constitution recognized the existence of slavery. | 29 | |
| 7734681644 | How did the US encourage expansion into the West? | Though the Land Ordinance and the Northwest Ordinance (one of the successes of the Articles of Confederation) | 30 | |
| 7734681645 | Jay's Treaty | When British ships intercept American ships, Americans wanted compensation for their slaves that had fled to the British lines during the American revolution, hated the continued British presence, and had increased clashes with the Natives because the British were aiding them, John Jay went to Britain and got a treaty that worked in favor of Britain (accused Hamilton of having monarchial tendencies). | 31 | |
| 7734681646 | Discuss ways that American Indian groups sought to limit migration of White settlers and maintain control of tribal lands and natural resources during this time. | The Paxton boys were a group of Scots-Irish people who settled in Pennsylvania and completely killed a ton of natives. This had not happened before because the people who mostly resided in Pennsylvania were Quakers and were quite lenient with the Natives. | 32 | |
| 7734681647 | Describe unique aspects of frontier culture, and how differences with mainstream American culture fueled social, political, and ethnic tensions (Shay's rebellion). | Shay's Rebellion displayed the difference between the coastal elites and the struggling farmers in the interior when in Massachusetts, people had to pay their taxes in stiff money instead of paper money which caused many struggling farmers to be on brink of losing their farms. Another conflict among elites and poor western farmers occurred in Pennsylvania, which was the Whiskey Rebellion due to the Excise task on whiskey that made poor farmers angry. Washington sent in troops to suppress this revolt. | 33 | |
| 7734681648 | Explain the importance of the Northwest Ordinance in shaping the future of the Midwest. | It was one of the only successes of the Article of Confederation and it allowed for the western territories between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River to be taken into the national domain, split up into territories, and allowed to become states. It also banned slavery in the territory north of the Ohio River. | 34 | |
| 7734681649 | Provide evidence of how an ambiguous relationship between the federal government and American Indian tribes contributed to problems regarding treaties. | Because the Constitution did not precisely define the relationship between the government and the Natives, we had the Battle of Fallen Timbers and the Treaty of Grenville in which Natives were forced to give up their land. | 35 | |
| 7734681650 | Discuss the expansion of Spanish missionary settlements in California and the cultural blending that resulted. | People from Spain continued to settle in California. They attempted to hold religious outposts and convert the Natives, exploit their labor. They were also treated like slaves in many places and a lot of them were killed by the diseases that the Spaniard brought with them. | 36 | |
| 7734681651 | Provide examples of US diplomatic initiatives aimed at dealing with the continued British and Spanish presence in North America and assess their relative success or failure. | Britain refused to leave the United States until we paid back the war debt. Because we continued to trade with France, they started intercepting our ships, would not give us money back for the slaves that they pretty much took away. They also intensified the Native clashes against us. Therefore, the Americans sent John Jay to negotiate, but all he came back with was a treaty mostly geared towards the interests of Britain except for the fact that they would limit their trading rights with the West Indies. The one good thing that came out of it was that Spain thought we were allied with Britain and negotiated Pinckney's treaty and agreed to allow American shipping on the Mississippi, but it did lead to French thinking that we were on Britain's side during the revolution. | 37 | |
| 7734681652 | Explain the impact of regional based opinions on economic, political, social, and foreign policies issues contributed to the formation of the first political parties | The first political parties were the Democratic Republicans and the Federalists. The Democratic Republicans supported the French Revolution, wanted agriculture, criticized centralized authority, and dubbed Jefferson their leader. The Federalists were more "monarchial", wanted stronger government, wanted more urban/commercial governments, and were more ready to use the federal government to influence economic activity. Region played a big role in forming political parties. The north tended to be federalist and the south tended to be democratic republicans. This occurred for several reasons. The first was that the north was richer than the south, and thus had more control over shipping and trade, so they were okay with a strong central government. | 38 | |
| 7734681653 | Explain the impact of the French Revolution on US foreign policy in the Washington and Adams administrations and the political disagreements that resulted. | We became divided on whether or not to help Citizen Genet. We also did not want to help in the French Revolution which led to the XYZ affair, especially after we committed to Jay's treaty. | 39 | |
| 7734681654 | Analyze George Washington's Farewell Address and explain his reasoning for warnings against political factions and permanent foreign alliances. | There were many tensions in Europe and he did not want a nation that was not that strong yet to risk itself by getting involved. | 40 | |
| 7734681655 | Proclamation of 1763 | Tried to keep the American colonists from moving west after the Seven Years War. Made the colonists mad because they had fought in the war. | 41 | |
| 7734681656 | When did the French and Indian War occur? | 1754 - 1763 | 42 | |
| 7734681657 | When were the Natives forced to change alliances? | American Indian tribes were forced to adjust alliances in the wake of the French and Indian War between Great Britain and France any again after the American Revolution. Also, after the war, when they were living in the land that was newly won by Great Britain they were in a difficult position because they didn't know whether to stay in alliance with the French to maintain the lucrative fur trade or to maintain peaceful relations with Great Britain. | 43 | |
| 7734681658 | Why did the French and Indian War start? | It was partly a continuation of decades of Old World conflicts between Great Britain and France. However, it was also disputes between land claims in the New World. For example, British colonists began to venture from Virginia to settle beyond the Appalachians into land claimed by France (Fort Duquesne) and began to make makeshift forts of their own (Fort Necessity). | 44 | |
| 7734681659 | How many phases were there to the French and Indian war? | It had three distinct phases. | 45 | |
| 7734681660 | What was the first phase of the French and Indian war? | It was a continuation of the skirmishes between British colonists and French forces. Most Indian tribes tended to side with the French. This is when Benjamin Franklin thought of his "Albany Plan" in an effort to make the colonists join together, however, it did not work very well. | 46 | |
| 7734681661 | What was the second phase of the French and Indian war? | The British government took control of the war in the colonies and put Prime Minister William Pitt to take full charge of the colonists, he had a very heavy hand and because the colonists resisted these efforts, it put the entire British effort at risk. | 47 | |
| 7734681662 | What was the final phase of the French and Indian war? | It was when Pitt tried to work with colonial assemblies and reinforced the war with British troops, which proved to be successful. | 48 | |
| 7734681663 | What was the Treaty of Paris (1763)? | It was a treaty in which France ceded virtually all its North American empire to Great Britain all French territory in Canada and east of the Mississippi River and to Spain, all territory west of the mississippi River | 49 | |
| 7734681664 | What purpose did Neolin serve in this party of history? | He was the one who urged the Natives to unite in the uncertain world without the French for fear that a horrible country could transpire if they did not change their ways. His efforts set the stage for the violent restrictions. | 50 | |
| 7734681665 | What was a big continuity among the Natives in the New World? | The Indian Wars that went on from the late 17th century to the late 19th century because the US kept on breaking treaties and engaging in military conflicts with American Indians. | 51 | |
| 7734681666 | What was Pontiac's rebellion? | It was when Pontiac, the Ottawa chief went around to try to unite troops along the Great Lakes region in an attempt to get them destroy the undefended British troops after the French and Indian War. The attacks where originally successful, but was eventually broken and was followed by a few smaller skirmishes. | 52 | |
| 7734681667 | What was the Proclamation Act of 1763? | It was when the British government created a line through the Appalachian mountains and ordered the colonists not to settle beyond the line. However, a lot of colonists were disgruntled because they knew that they work hard during the war and deserved to be able to settle beyond the lines. | 53 | |
| 7734681668 | Treaty of Fort Stanwix | A treaty in which a lot of the land of Indians was ceded, the treaty was negotiated by the Iroquois, who did not even live on the land in question. | 54 | |
| 7734681669 | What was the cause of the American defeat at Wabash river? | As US troops attempted to move north into the territory of the natives, they found themselves facing conflict with the troops and although Geeral Arthur St. Claire was leading the troops, the Americans suffered a major loss. It was the most costly Indian war. | 55 | |
| 7734681670 | Why did Britain impose even more taxes on the colonists after the French and Indian war? | They believed that it was especially beneficial to the colonists and that because of that, the colonists should be somewhat responsible for the costs of the war. New taxes that were enforced even more led to an intense resentment among the colonists. | 56 | |
| 7734681671 | The Sugar Act (1764) | Although this act actually lowered the tax on molasses, it enforced it even more and brought smuggling cases to British courts. | 57 | |
| 7734681672 | The Stamp Act (1765) | This act provoked the most opposition because it was a direct tax on all the colonists solely for the purpose of creating a revenue. It wasn't even a tax on trade, but rather on all sorts of printed matter. | 58 | |
| 7734681673 | Along with taxes, how else did the British anger its colonists? | Thy forced local residents to house and feed British troops and because these troops were given part time wages, they often looked for nearby jobs which took jobs away from the colonists. | 59 | |
| 7734681674 | Which act caused the people in the colonies to revolt? | The stamp act in which they had the stamp act congress in which delegates from nine of the colonies met. Patrick Henry wrote up the Virginia Resolves which were a little bit more radical but the basic idea was that they didn't want taxation without representation, but the members of Parliament argued that they were virtually represented as an empire. | 60 | |
| 7734681675 | What were committees of correspondence? | They were organized that were opponents or British policies that spread information and coordinated action to challenge the legitimacy of the legislative assemblies and royal governors. | 61 | |
| 7734681676 | Sons of LIberty | group who harassed and occasionally attacked Stamp act agents and would ransack people if they did not comply with boycotts of British goods | 62 | |
| 7734681677 | When was the Stamp Act rescinded? | 1766 | 63 | |
| 7734681678 | What were the Townshend Acts? | They were acts passed in the wake of the whole Stamp Act crisis and were external taxes this time. | 64 | |
| 7734681679 | What was the significance of the Boston Massacre? | It showed how much the colonists hated the standing army and it was oftentimes used to show the brutality of the British. This was a change because normally, even in peace time, people would accept standing armies. | 65 | |
| 7734681680 | What was the Gaspee affair? | It was a shift toward more militant tactics by colonists in which they board the ship, looted its contents, and torched it. | 66 | |
| 7734681681 | What did the Tea Act and the Boston Tea Party lead to? | The Coercive/Intolerable acts passed a series of acts such as 1. The Massachusetts government would be under direct British control 2. Trials were moved from Massachusetts to Britain 3. Closed the port of Boston to trade until further notice 4. Quartering Act: required Boston residents to house British troops upon their command 5. They believed that the act that allowed Catholics to practice their religion freely in Quebec was an attack on their protestant faith | 67 | |
| 7734681682 | When did the shift in the colonial situation from resistance to rebellion? | At Lexington and Concord with the shot heard around the world. | 68 | |
| 7734681683 | What advantages did British have in the American Revolution? | 1. Highly trained, professional army 2. Strongest navy in the world 3. Substantial financial resources 4. Loyalty of some of the colonists and they offered freedom to slaves who joined the British 5. Also had the Natives to count on for support | 69 | |
| 7734681684 | What disadvantages did the British have in the American Revolution? | 1. They were far from home 2. Difficult to maintain supply lines over the course of a long war 3. Had enemies like the French 4. Their formal style of fighting was not suited for the American countryside | 70 | |
| 7734681685 | What advantages did the colonists have in the American Revolution? | 1. They had the excellent General George washington who had the support of a lot of wonderful generals 2. Their job was to simply defend their home territory 3. They also had a strong belief in their cause | 71 | |
| 7734681686 | What disadvantages did the colonists have in the American Revolution? | They had a lack of financing and a lack of a strong central governing authority. | 72 | |
| 7734681687 | How many phases are there to the American Revolution? | Three | 73 | |
| 7734681688 | What was the first phase of the American Revolution? | The first was where the British really didn't understand how big of a deal it was until they were defeated at the Battle of Bunker Hill. This is when they abandoned Boston and reevaluated their strategy. | 74 | |
| 7734681689 | What was the second phase of the American Revolution? | Although the British got a hold of colonists at New York, they lost against the colonists in the Battle of Saratoga. This showed the British that although they may be able to hold urban centers, they would not be able to hold the wilderness. France formally recognized the US and agreed to supply it with military assistance through the motivation of hating the British. | 75 | |
| 7734681690 | What was the third phase of the American Revolution? | It took place in the south in which they hoped they could tap into loyalist sentiment and into the resentment of the slaves. Although the British could not fulfill their dreams in the South, they reached a stalemate in the North and eventually an America-French campaign caught British general Cornwallis off guard, causing him to surrender at Yorktown Virginia. | 76 | |
| 7734681691 | Treaty of Paris (1783) | Formally ended the American revolution | 77 | |
| 7734681692 | In what ways did the Articles of Confederation fail? | It failed to unify the thirteen states and failed to allow the US to speak with a strong, united voice. | 78 | |
| 7734681693 | What problems persisted even after the US gained independence? | Britain still stayed in America and would not give the US neutral trading rights. | 79 | |
| 7734681694 | What problems did the Spanish cause to the Americans after the revolution? | They closed off shipment in the Mississippi and even though John Jay tried to get the river to open up, it did not work. | 80 | |
| 7734681695 | How did Washington display his isolationist policies? | He enacted the 1793 Neutrality Act and his Farewell Address urged the US to avoid permanent alliances because he did not want the newly independent nation drawn into foreign conflicts. | 81 | |
| 7734681696 | What was an event in John Adam's presidency that challenged our idea of neutrality? | When we created a favorable treaty (Jay's Treaty) w/Great Britain, France sized American ships and when we sent delegates to france, the XYZ affair occurred, causing a Quasi War with France. | 82 | |
| 7734681697 | What movements shaped the ideas of the US? | The Great Awakening and the Enlightenment. They saw themselves as a chosen people and the ideas of the Enlightenment shaped American thinking about the ideal political system. | 83 | |
| 7734681698 | How did the ideas of John Locke influence the government of the US? | He argued that a ruler gain legitimacy through the consent of the governed, that the basic responsibility of the government is to protect the natural rights of the people (life, liberty, and property). He also believed in the theory of natural rights and that the power to govern belongs to the people. | 84 | |
| 7734681699 | What was the Olive Branch Petition? | It was when the members of the Continental Congress still hoped for reconciliation in which it blamed their problems on the Parliament and affirmed loyalty to the monarch. This, however, was rejected. | 85 | |
| 7734681700 | Thomas Paine | Wrote Common Sense in which he urged the colonists to break ties with Great Britain and argued the logic of the Olive Branch Petition | 86 | |
| 7734681701 | Declaration of the Independence | July 4th, 1776: Mostly just a list of grievances against the king of Great Britain, but also goes on to tap into key elements of Locke's natural rights theory. | 87 | |
| 7734681702 | What was the controversy surrounding the idea of adopting a republic for America? | To a lot of people, it meant become a moral model to the rest of the world. On the other side, other people argued that being a republic meant on economic gain and ambition. | 88 | |
| 7734681703 | What were the Articles of Confederation? | They were more of a firm league of friendship as the colonists were scared of having a central government and mimicking that of Great Britain. Before the Articles, many states drew up state constitution and gave a lot of power to the lower legislative house that listened to the will of the people. The were a little more than the Declaration of Independence as the First and Second Continental Congresses began to assume more powers and responsibilities. The issue of Western land claims also caused several states to initially reject the document. | 89 | |
| 7734681704 | Which colony created the most radical of state constitutions? | Pennsylvania. Their older, elite leadership of the colony was taken away when they came out strongly as being against independence. Their constitution abolished property qualifications for voting and abolished the office of governer. It had one of the most democratic constitutions. | 90 | |
| 7734681705 | Which colony had an inspirational Bill of Rights? | Virginia | 91 | |
| 7734681706 | What was the structure of the government under the Articles of Confederation? | It called for a one house legislature that would continue the practice of the Second Continental Congress where they would have delegations from each states that would all only get one vote. Routin decisions required a majority, or seven votes where as bigger decisions required 9. Amendments and really big decision required a unanimous vote. | 92 | |
| 7734681707 | What were some of the problems with the Articles of Confederation? | 1. We were not able to raise that much revenue as we depended on voluntary contributions from the state in which they would give a certain proportion of money based on population but that did not work very well. 2. When there was an inflation and the government tried to raise taxes, RI and NY were not on board and they needed a unanimous vote. 3. Lack of centralized government created a problem on the world stage. | 93 | |
| 7734681708 | What was The Great Compromise? | Virginia Plan: a bicarmel legislature that pegged the number of representatives from each state to the population of the state New Jersey Plan: a one-house legislature with each state getting one vote Great Compromise: House of Reps and the Senate were created | 94 | |
| 7734681709 | What is the legislative branch? | It creates laws | 95 | |
| 7734681710 | What is the executive branch? | It carries out laws | 96 | |
| 7734681711 | What is the judicial branch | It interprets laws | 97 | |
| 7734681712 | What was so special about these three branches of government? | They allowed for each branch to check each other, with no one branch becoming too powerful. | 98 | |
| 7734681713 | What is federalism? | It is the evolving relationship between the national government and the states. Although the constitution allowed states to hold onto certain reserve powers, there still existed a national government that was the 'supreme law of the land'. | 99 | |
| 7734681714 | Who were the federalists? | Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison who believed that a complex government was needed to govern a large and diverse population to best guarantee liberty. They wanted the separation of powers in government. | 100 | |
| 7734681715 | Who were the antifederalists? | They were people who were worried that the new government would just be controlled by elites and it was their insistence that caused their to be a bill of rights. | 101 | |
| 7734681716 | On what condition would the states ratify the constitution? | That the government would add the Bill of Rights, or the first ten amendments to the constitution. | 102 | |
| 7734681717 | What were the 1st through 4th amendments? | They were the basic rights of the people. | 103 | |
| 7734681718 | What were the 5th through 8th amendments? | They were the rights of the accused | 104 | |
| 7734681719 | What were the 9th and 10th amendments? | They deal with the limits and parameters or rights and powers in the government. | 105 | |
| 7734681720 | Where in the bill of rights was the right to vote? | It is not there, the federal government left that up to the states. | 106 | |
| 7734681721 | What did the 15th amendment do? | It prohibited voting restrictions based on race. | 107 | |
| 7734681722 | What did the 19th amendment do? | It prohibited voting restrictions based on sex. | 108 | |
| 7734681723 | What did the 26th amendment do? | Lowered the voting age to 18. | 109 | |
| 7734681724 | What were the early political parties created based off of? | Economic policy, foreign policy, and the relationship between the federal government and the states. | 110 | |
| 7734681725 | Who was Alexander Hamilton? | Washington's secretary of the treasury | 111 | |
| 7734681726 | What was Alexander Hamilton's economic plan? | It was a series of plans that's main point was a national bank in which 20 percent would be publicly controlled and 80 percent would be privately controlled. | 112 | |
| 7734681727 | What was the fight between Jefferson and Hamilton? | Hamilton argued that the elastic clause allowed for the creation of an elastic clause, but Jefferson disagreed. | 113 | |
| 7734681728 | Who won the "bank war"? | Hamilton, Washington enacted the bank law in 1791. | 114 | |
| 7734681729 | What was the second part of Hamilton's economic program? | It was a plan to deal with the nation's debt. He wanted to pay back the debts caused by the wars. Paying back the debt certificates from the war years would provide to be a blow for people who had sold the certificates at a fraction of the price. He also wanted the states to pay baack their debts by takig out new loans by selling government bonds. | 115 | |
| 7734681730 | What was the last part of Hamilton's economic program? | Imposing tariffs on foreign mad goods and subsidizing American industry | 116 | |
| 7734681731 | What precedents did Washington set as precedent that were not written as law? | The practice of meeting regularly with cabinet members, decision to run for no more than two terms until the 22nd amendment followig FDR. | 117 | |
| 7734681732 | What were the Alien and Sedition Acts? | They were passed by the Federalists in Congress who wanted to limit criticism from the Democratic-Republican party. 3 of the acts dealt with immigration and made it difficult for immigrants to achieve American citizenship and the fourth act made it a crime to defame the president of Congress. It represented a huge expansion of power that the Jeffersonians were troubled by. | 118 | |
| 7734681733 | What were the Kentucky and Virginia resolutions? | Resolutions that put forth that idea that a state had to right to nullify a law it found to be inconsistent with the constitution. | 119 | |
| 7734681734 | What was included in the call for egalitarianism? | The abolition of slavery and greater political democracy in the new government structures | 120 | |
| 7734681735 | What states started to take action against slavery in the late 1700s. | 1. Massachusetts ended slavery after a series of court cases 2. Vermont outlawed slavery 3. Pennyslvania called for the gradual emancipation of slavery | 121 | |
| 7734681736 | What appearance did slavery make in the US constitution? | They didn't, they were uneasy with the institution but wanted to leave it for future generations to deal with. However, there were some laws that made it clear the Constitution recognized its existence. They protected the international slave trade for 20 years. It also allowed for the return of fugitive slaves | 122 | |
| 7734681737 | What was the 3/5ths compromise? | Southern states could count 3/5ths of their slave population in their consensus. | 123 |
