AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Period 4: 1800 - 1848 Chapter 7 - 11
Terms : Hide Images
| 6735028558 | Second Great Awakenings | Began in the early decades of the 19th century. Partly a reaction against the rationalism of the Enlightenment and the American Revolution. It affected all sections of the country, but in the northern states it touched off social reform that drove the reform movements of this period. (p. 207) |  | 0 |
| 6735028559 | market revolution | Starting in the early 19th century, this revolution produced vast economic growth. Farmers fed the workers in the cities, the cities provided farm families with an array of mass produced goods. |  | 1 |
| 6735028560 | Thomas Jefferson | He was George Washington's first secretary of state. A Democrat-Republican, he was the nation's third president from 1801 to 1809. He stressed the basic principles of constitutional government and limited central government. He appeased the Federalists by maintaining the national bank and debt repayment plan of Hamilton, carried on the neutrality policies of Washington and Adams, reduced the size of the military. He eliminated some federal jobs, repealed excise taxes, and lowered the national debt. In 1803, he made the Louisiana Purchase from France. | 2 | |
| 6735028561 | Battle of New Orleans | General Andrew Jackson won this battle in New Orleans against the British on January 8, 1815. The War of 1812 had officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Ghent two weeks earlier, but word had not yet reached the United States. |  | 3 |
| 6735028562 | Era of Good Feelings | Term to describe James Monroe's period as president (1817-1825). The Democratic-Republicans party dominated politics. On the surface everything looked fine, however there were conflicts over tariffs, the national bank, internal improvements, and public land sales. |  | 4 |
| 6735028563 | Jacksonian Democracy | The time period 1829 to 1837 when _______________ was president. This era was also known as the Age of the Common Man. |  | 5 |
| 6735028564 | American Indian removal | President Andrew Jackson supported the land-hungry citizens who want to take over lands held by the American Indians. In 1830, he passed the Indian Removal Act, which forced the resettlement o many thousands of American Indians. By 1835 most of the eastern tribes had reluctantly moved to an area in today's Oklahoma. |  | 6 |
| 6735028565 | Romanticism in paintings and literature - romantic movement | Evoked the wonder of the nation's landscape. The Hudson River School of painters were the most prominent. Noted authors of the period included Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Washington Irving, and James Fenimore Cooper. |  | 7 |
| 6735028566 | Nullification Crisis | In 1832, South Carolina passed a resolution forbidding the collection of tariffs in the state. This was nullifying a federal law at the state level. President Andrew Jackson threatened use of federal troops against South Carolina and a compromise was reached. |  | 8 |
| 6735028567 | Elizabeth Cady Stanton | A women's rights reformer who was not allowed to speak at an antislavery convention. |  | 9 |
| 6735028568 | cotton gin | This machine was invented by Eli Whitney in 1793. It removed seeds from cotton fibers so cotton could be processed quickly and cheaply. As a result more cotton was grown in the South and more slaves were needed to pick cotton in the fields. |  | 10 |
| 6735028569 | War Hawks | The 1810 congressional election brought a group of young Democratic-Republicans to Congress. Led by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun they gained influence in the House of Representatives. They argued that war with Britain was the only way to defend American honor, gain Canada, and destroy American Indian resistance on the frontier. |  | 11 |
| 6735028570 | William Lloyd Garrison | Advocated the immediate emancipation of slaves without compensation to their owners. He was also the writer of the "Liberator." | 12 | |
| 6735028571 | Lucretia Mott | Early feminist who advocated for women's rights and against slavery. | 13 | |
| 6735028572 | Republican Motherhood/Cult of Domesticity | After industrialization occurred women became the moral leaders in the home and educators of children. Men were responsible for economic and political affairs. |  | 14 |
| 6735028573 | Sectionalism: The North | Largely urban population that worked in factories. | 15 | |
| 6735028574 | Sectionalism: The South | Largely agricultural, mostly cotton from 1830-1850. | 16 | |
| 6735028575 | Sectionalism: The West | Largely trapping and hunting, citizens lived a secluded life away from others. | 17 | |
| 6735028576 | Democratic-Republicans | Favored the common man, weak central government, hated the National Bank, was pro-immigration, wanted slow and cautious westward expansion. | 18 | |
| 6735028577 | Federalists | Favored the wealthy and educated, strong central government, supported the National Bank, limited immigration, slow/against westward expansion. | 19 | |
| 6735028578 | National Republicans | Favored the wealthy and educated, strong central government, supported the National Bank, favored internal improvements. | 20 | |
| 6735028579 | Whigs | Favored the wealthy and educated, strong central government, supported the National Bank and Internal Improvements, limited immigration, slow/against westward expansion; above all else HATED Andrew Jackson. | 21 | |
| 6735028580 | Impressment | Practice of the British navy of stealing Americans and forcing them into service in the British Navy. | 22 | |
| 6735028581 | Treaty of Ghent | Ended the War of 1812, establish status quo antebellum. | 23 | |
| 6735028582 | Oliver Hazard Perry | "We have met the enemy, and they are ours." Battle of Lake Erie. | 24 | |
| 6735028583 | Frances Scott Key | Wrote the Star Spangled banner at the Battle of Fort McHenry. | 25 | |
| 6735028584 | Monroe Doctrine | Warning European powers to refrain from seeking any new territories in the Americas. The United States largely lacked the power to back up the pronouncement, which was actually enforced by the British, who sought unfettered access to Latin American markets. |  | 26 |
| 6735028585 | Missouri Compromise | An 1820 compromise crafted by Henry Clay, it consisted of three bills. * Admit Missouri as a slave-holding state * Admit Maine as a free state * Prohibit slavery in the rest of the Louisiana Territory north of latitude 36 30. |  | 27 |
| 6735028586 | King Andrew | Nickname given to President Andrew Jackson when his opponents did not like his use of the veto power. |  | 28 |
| 6735028587 | Nat Turner Rebellion | In 1831, this Virginia slave led a revolt in which 55 whites were killed. In retaliation, whites killed hundreds of African American and put down the revolt. |  | 29 |
| 6735028588 | Marbury v. Madison | Established the Supreme Court's policy of judicial review. |  | 30 |
| 6735028589 | American System | Henry Clay, a leader in the House of Representatives proposed this system to advance the nation's economy. It consisted of: * Protective Tariffs: * National Bank * Internal Improvements |  | 31 |
| 6735028590 | The Lowell Mill Factory | The system that recruited young farm women to work in the textile mills in Lowell, Massachusetts. The were housed in company dormitories near the mills. |  | 32 |
| 6735028591 | Seneca Falls Convention | In 1848, this was the first women's rights convention in U.S. history. They wrote a "Declaration of Sentiments", modeled after the Declaration of Independence, which declared all men and women equal and listed grievances. |  | 33 |
| 6735028592 | Transcendentalists | They questioned the doctrines of established churches and business practices of the merchant class. Mystical and intuitive way of thinking to discover inner self and look for essence of God in nature. Artistic expression was more important than pursuit of wealth. They valued individualism and supported the antislavery movement. |  | 34 |
| 6735028593 | Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions | In 1799, Democratic-Republican leaders passed resolutions in two state legislatures that challenged federal laws enacted by the Federalist party. The states argued that they had the right to nullify laws passed at the federal level. |  | 35 |
| 6735028594 | Trail of Tears | In 1838 the U.S. Army forced 15,000 Cherokees to leave Georgia and move to Oklahoma. 4,000 Cherokees died on the march. |  | 36 |
| 6735028595 | Hartford Convention (1814) | In December 1814, a special convention was held due to opposition to the the War of 1812, some radical Federalist in the Northeast want to secede from the United States, but that it was rejected. However, to limit the power of the Democratic-Republicans they adopted a proposal that a two-thirds vote of both houses would be required for any future declaration of war. |  | 37 |
| 6735028596 | Panic 1837 | Was a result of Jackson's defeat of the National Bank. | 38 | |
| 6735028597 | Martin Van Buren | Became President after Andrew Jackson, won the election because of Jackson's popularity. Was faced with economic troubles. | 39 | |
| 6735028598 | Tippecanoe and Tyler Too! | William Henry Harrison's campaign slogan. | 40 | |
| 6735028599 | Tecumseh | "They have pushed us from the seas to the lakes, we can go no further." Advocated fighting Americans to stop westward progression and renew British alliances. | 41 | |
| 6735028600 | The Prophet | Advocated relocation rather than fighting Americans westward progression in order to preserve remnants of Native culture. | 42 | |
| 6735028601 | The Embargo of 1807 | Cut off all US trade with the world, attempting to maintain American neutrality. | 43 | |
| 6735028602 | Non-intercourse Act | Allowed the US to trade with any nations other than Great Britain and France | 44 | |
| 6735028603 | Macon's Bill no. 2 | Allowed the US to trade with either Great Britain or France depending on who recognized American sovereignty and neutrality first. | 45 | |
| 6735028604 | Adams-Onis Treaty | Grave the United States Florida in exchange for taking on Spain's $5 million debt to American citizens. | 46 | |
| 6735028605 | Old Hickory | Nickname for Andrew Jackson gained from the Battle of New Orleans. | 47 | |
| 6735028606 | Treaty of 1818 | Granted the United States join occupation of Oregon with Great Britain. | 48 | |
| 6735028607 | Worcester v. Georgia | Supreme Court case regarding Cherokee rights to land in the United States. | 49 | |
| 6735028608 | John Q. Adams | Elected in 1824 as a result of a bargain struck by Henry Clay. | 50 | |
| 6735028609 | The Tariff of 1828 | Increased taxes on imported goods to almost 50%; which positively effected American manufacturing. | 51 | |
| 6735028610 | Force Bill | Permitted Andrew Jackson to organize troops to prevent South Carolina from secession. | 52 | |
| 6735028611 | Increased Voter Turnout | -elimination of landownership, -increased news circulation, -increased education/literacy -changes to candidate selection | 53 | |
| 6735028612 | Henry Clay | Created the Tariff of 1833 to solve the Nullification Crisis, developed the American System, Speaker of the House, Secretary of State under JQA, Whig leaders, leader of the War Hawks (face it the most awesome historical figure after the death of GW) | 54 | |
| 6735028613 | Virginia Dynasty | Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe | 55 | |
| 6735028614 | Results of the War of 1812 | -American Nationalism -War Heroes -Death of the Federalist Party | 56 |
