Key events and terms for mastery of the time period 1800-1848
Terms : Hide Images
| 9722045622 | Era of Good Feelings | A name for President Monroe's two terms, a period of strong nationalism, economic growth, and territorial expansion. Since the Federalist party dissolved after the War of 1812, there was only one political party and no partisan conflicts. | 0 | |
| 9722045623 | Sectionalism | Different parts of the country developing unique and separate cultures (as the North, South and West). This can lead to conflict. |  | 1 |
| 9722045624 | James Monroe | Elected in 1816, 1820 Acquisition of Florida (1819); Missouri Compromise (1820), Monroe Doctrine (1823) | 2 | |
| 9722045625 | tariff | A tax on imported goods | 3 | |
| 9722045626 | Henry Clay | Representative who persuaded Congress to accept the Missouri Compromise, which admitted Maine into the Union as a free state, and Missouri as a slave state. | 4 | |
| 9722045627 | American System | An economic regime pioneered by Henry Clay which created a high tariff to support internal improvements such as road-building. This approach was intended to allow the United States to grow and prosper by themselves This would eventually help America industrialize and become an economic power. | 5 | |
| 9722045628 | Bank War | Nicolas Biddle was president of Second Bank of U.S., introduced re-charter, vetoed by Andrew Jackson. Jackson withdraws deposits from national bank. | 6 | |
| 9722045629 | John Marshall | 1755-1835. U.S. Chief Supreme Court Justice. Oversaw over 1000 decisions, including Marbury v Madison and McCulloch v. Maryland. | 7 | |
| 9722045630 | Marbury v Madison | (1803) Marbury was a midnight appointee of the Adams administration and sued Madison for commission. Chief Justice Marshall said the law that gave the courts the power to rule over this issue was unconstitutional. established judicial review |  | 8 |
| 9722045631 | McCulloch v Maryland | Maryland was trying to tax the national bank and Supreme Court ruled that federal law was stronger than the state law |  | 9 |
| 9722045632 | Gibbons v Ogden | This case involved New York trying to grant a monopoly on waterborne trade between New York and New Jersey. Judge Marshal, of the Supreme Court, sternly reminded the state of New York that the Constitution gives Congress alone the control of interstate commerce. Marshal's decision, in 1824, was a major blow on states' rights. |  | 10 |
| 9722045633 | Worcester v Georgia | A case in which the United States Supreme Court vacated the conviction of Samuel Worcester and held that the Georgia criminal statute that prohibited non-Indians from being present on Indian lands without a license from the state was unconstitutional. |  | 11 |
| 9722045634 | Missouri Compromise of 1820 | Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state, Maine to enter the union as a free state, prohibited slavery north of latitude 36˚ 30' within the Louisiana Territory | 12 | |
| 9722045635 | Adams Onis Treaty | 1819. Settled land dispute between Spain and United States as a result of tensions brought on by weakening Spanish power in the New World. U.S. gained Florida in exchange for $5 million and renounced any claims on Texas and settled boundary between two countries to the Pacific Ocean. |  | 13 |
| 9722045636 | Monroe Doctrine | 1823, Declared that Europe should not interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere and that any attempt at interference by a European power would be seen as a threat to the U.S. | 14 | |
| 9722045637 | Erie Canal | Built between the Albany and Buffalo, NY Allowed western farmers to ship surplus crops to sell in the North and allowed northern manufacturers to ship finished goods to sell in the West. Connected Great Lakes farms and western markets with New York City leading to its rise as a center of trade and commerce. | 15 | |
| 9722045638 | Steamboat | A boat powered by a steam engine that turns a large paddle wheel. | 16 | |
| 9722045639 | Eli Whitney | An American inventor who developed the cotton gin. Also contributed to the concept of interchangeable parts that were exactly alike and easily assembled or exchanged |  | 17 |
| 9722045640 | Lowell System | Developed in the textile mills in the 1820s, Machinery used, so that few skilled workers were needed in the process, and the workers were almost all single young farm women, who worked for a few years and then returned home to be housewives. Managers found these young women were the perfect workers for this type of factory life. |  | 18 |
| 9722045641 | Market Revolution | Dramatic increase between 1820 and 1850 in the exchange of goods and services in transaction. Resulted from the combo impact of the increased output of farms and factories, the entrepreneurial activities of traders and merchants, and the development of a transportation network of roads, canals and railroads. | 19 | |
| 9722045642 | Thomas Jefferson | Election of 1800 Louisiana Purchase Lewis and Clark Embargo of 1807 | 20 | |
| 9722045643 | Embargo Act of 1807 | Forbade American trading ships from leaving the U.S. It was meant to force Britain and France to change their policies towards neutral vessels by depriving them of American trade. It was difficult to enforce because it was opposed by merchants and everyone else whose livelihood depended upon international trade. It also hurt the national economy. |  | 21 |
| 9722045644 | War of 1812 | Between the United States and England which was trying to interfere with American trade with France. Caused by impressment of American sailors, British aid to Indians in the west with firearms, War Hawk Congressman wanted to invade Canada, and continued British interference with trade. | 22 | |
| 9722045645 | Battle of New Orleans | A battle during the War of 1812 where the British army attempted to take New Orleans. Due to the foolish frontal attack, Jackson defeated them, which gave him an enormous popularity boost. |  | 23 |
| 9722045646 | Treaty of Ghent | December 24, 1814 - Ended the War of 1812 and restored the status quo. For the most part, territory captured in the war was returned to the original owner. It also set up a commission to determine the disputed Canada/U.S. border. The important result of the War of 1812 was that the US maintained its independence from Great Britain. |  | 24 |
| 9722045647 | Lewis and Clark | Sent on an expedition by Jefferson to gather information on the United States' new land and map a route to the Pacific. They kept very careful maps and records of this new land acquired from the Louisiana Purchase. |  | 25 |
| 9722045648 | Sacajawea | The Native American woman who was the personal guide and translator for Lewis and Clark and their expedition in northern Louisiana Territory |  | 26 |
| 9722045649 | Louisiana Purchase | In 1803, land purchase from France. Made by Jefferson, this doubled the size of the US. |  | 27 |
| 9722045650 | James Madison | War of 1812 "Father of the Constitution" One of the three anonymous authors of the Federalist Papers | 28 | |
| 9722045651 | Revolution of 1800 | Jefferson's view of his election to presidency. Jefferson claimed that the election of 1800 represented a return to what he considered the original spirit of the Revolution. Jefferson's goals for his revolution were to restore the republican experiment, check the growth of government power, and to halt the decay of virtue that had set in under Federalist rule. |  | 29 |
| 9722045652 | Romanticism | Spirit of culture in the U.S. in the early 19th century impacting art, religion, literature, and even politics. An appeal to emotion over reason | 30 | |
| 9722045653 | Transcendentalism | 19th century movement which held that every individual can reach ultimate truths through spiritual intuition, rather than conformity or reason, Henry David Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson | 31 | |
| 9722045654 | Horace Mann | Prominent proponent of public school reform, set the standard for public schools throughout the nation. | 32 | |
| 9722045655 | Seneca Falls Convention | Held to demand political rights for women, led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, Document of demands was the Declaration of Sentiments | 33 | |
| 9722045656 | Mormonism | Founded by Joseph Smith, belief that man should seek to obtain perfection | 34 | |
| 9722045657 | Federalists | political party, proponents of a strong national government, economic interests of commerce, banking and trade are the backbone of the economy- Hamilton, Washington, Adams | 35 | |
| 9722045658 | Democratic-Republicans | political party, proponents of stronger state governments, agricultural economic interests are the backbone of the economy - Jefferson, Madison | 36 | |
| 9722045659 | Democrats | Party of the "Common People" Intended to represent states, the farmers, and those who are not aristocrats Politicians: Jackson, Van Buren | 37 | |
| 9722045660 | Second Great Awakening | Early 1800s, religious revival - camp meetings, led to movements in social reform in prisons, women's rights, abolition, education, etc. | 38 | |
| 9722045661 | Whigs | Political Party representing nationalism, money for internal improvements, Politicians: Henry Clay, Daniel Webster | 39 |
