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| 8976497037 | People's (Populist) Party | An agrarian political party in the United States Drew support from angry farmers in the West and South and operated on the left-wing of American politic Highly critical of capitalism, especially banks and railroads Allied itself with the labor movement. | 0 | |
| 8976497038 | assimilation | the process by which a person or a group's language and/or culture come to resemble those of another group, i.e. treatment of Native Americans with Dawes Act | 1 | |
| 8976497039 | The Gilded Age | 1870s to about 1900 -Satirized an era of serious social problems masked by a period of economic progress. | 2 | |
| 8976497040 | Social Darwinism | Humans (like animals and plants) compete in a struggle for existence in which natural selection results in "survival of the fittest." Provided a justification for the enormous wealth and power wielded by industrialists in the latter half of the 19th century. |  | 3 |
| 8976497041 | Gospel of Wealth | An essay written by Andrew Carnegie in describes the responsibility of philanthropy by the new upper class of self-made rich as the solution to the problems of capitalism instead of socialism/communism |  | 4 |
| 8976497042 | Jane Addams | Settlement House pioneer, created the Hull House to aid immigrants and women in urban areas with training, skills and language classes |  | 5 |
| 8976497043 | Plessy v. Ferguson | 1896 - Legalized segregation in publicly owned facilities on the basis of "separate but equal." |  | 6 |
| 8976497044 | laissez faire economics | an economic system that permits unrestricted business activity, associated with free enterprise, capitalism | 7 | |
| 8976497045 | trust | A set of companies managed by a small group known as trustees, who can prevent companies in the trust from competing with each other. | 8 | |
| 8976497046 | socialist | one who believes in the ownership and control of the major means of production by the whole community rather than by individuals or corporations | 9 | |
| 8976497050 | anarchist | one who believes that formal, coercive government is wrong in principle | 10 | |
| 8976497051 | tenement | a multi-dwelling building, often poor or overcrowded, became the primary residence of immigrants in the cities at the turn of the century |  | 11 |
| 8976497054 | bimetallism | the use of two precious metals as currency, associated with the Free Silver movement allowing both Gold and Silver as currency | 12 | |
| 8976497057 | Frontier Thesis | belief that America's character was shaped most by the West represented individualism, democracy, economic freedom, and "perennial rebirth", Frederick Jackson Turner's idea | 13 | |
| 8976497059 | Dawes Act | 1887, land given to individual Indians to discourage tribal mindset, encouraged Indians to farm for a living instead of communally owning land | 14 | |
| 8976497062 | Vertical Integration | Strategy to maximize profits by attempting to own every step of the manufacturing process (ex. Carnegie Steel) |  | 15 |
| 8976497063 | Horizontal Integration | Strategy to maximize profits by attempting to purchase competing companies in the same industry; monopoly-building (ex. Rockefeller's Standard Oil) | | 16 |
| 8976497064 | Knights of Labor | American labor organization in the 1880s led by Terence V. Powderly, Organized a wide range of workers, including skilled and unskilled, and had broad reform goals. Brought down by the Haymarket Affair | 17 | |
| 8976497065 | Haymarket Riot | 1886, Labor dispute in Chicago that ended with a bomb being thrown at police resulting in many deaths, Led to an unfavorable public opinion of organized labor especially the Knights of Labor | 18 | |
| 8976497066 | American Federation of Labor (AFL) | An organization of various trade unions that fought for specific reforms Wanted better wages, fewer hours, better working conditions Founded by Samuel Gompers | 19 | |
| 8976497067 | Homestead Steel Strike | Violent labor conflict in Carnegie's mills Henry Frick (manager) announced pay cut Strike had to be put down by state militia | 20 | |
| 8976497068 | Urbanization | movement of people from rural communities and settlements to big cities |  | 21 |
| 8976497069 | "New Immigrants" | immigrants from southern and eastern Europe such as Poland, Italy, etc. that arrived in the US during & after the 1880s | 22 | |
| 8976497070 | Chinese Exclusion Act | First law limiting immigration based on race; effectively stopped immigration from China until the end of WWII. |  | 23 |
| 8976497071 | Political Machine | Unofficial political organization that works to win elections in order to exercise power Sometimes referred to as a shadow government Rose to power in the late 1800s because of ill-equipped local governments that failed to meet the needs of growing urban populations |  | 24 |
| 8976497072 | Tammany Hall | Political machine of New York City that was well-known for its corruption Lead by William Boss Tweed |  | 25 |
| 8976497073 | Pendelton Civil Service Act, 1883 | Standardized an exam for federal employees so that people were awarded jobs on merit rather than political affiliations Made it illegal to remove federal employees without just cause. | 26 | |
| 8976497074 | Sherman Antitrust Act | Outlawed monopolistic business practices not effective initially without a strong progressive federal government that would enforce it. | 27 | |
| 8976497076 | William Jennings Bryan | Democratic presidential hopeful that was a member of the Populist Party free silver advocate "You shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold". |  | 28 |
| 8976497077 | Seward's Folly or Seward's Ice Box | Secretary of State William Seward's negotiation of the purchase of Alaska from Russia in 1867. At the time everyone thought this was a mistake to buy Alaska the "ice box" but it turned out to be the biggest bargain since the Louisiana purchase. |  | 29 |
| 8976497078 | Susan B. Anthony | Social reformer who campaigned for women's rights, the temperance, and was an abolitionist, helped form the National Woman Suffrage Association. |  | 30 |
| 8976497080 | New South | After the Civil War, southerners promoted a new vision for a self-sufficient southern economy built on modern capitalist values, industrial growth, and improved transportation. In reality, this growth was fairly slow. |  | 31 |
| 8976497081 | Americanization | Process of assimilating immigrants into American culture by teaching English, American history, and citizenship. | 32 | |
| 8976497082 | Interstate Commerce Act | 1887- Created to regulate railroads to be fairer to farmers, First legislation to regulate corporations Ineffective because government failed to enforce it. | 33 | |
| 8976497083 | Andrew Carnegie | A Scottish-born American industrialist and philanthropist who founded the Carnegie Steel Company in 1892. By 1901, his company dominated the American steel industry. Great philanthropist |  | 34 |
| 8976497085 | Social Gospel | Late 1800s, Protestant movement, all true Christians should be concerned with the plight of immigrants and the poor, call to action to improve lives of poor urban dwellers. |  | 35 |
| 8976497088 | John D. Rockefeller | Wealthy owner of Standard Oil Company. Considered to be a robber baron who used ruthless tactics to eliminate other businesses. Built trusts and used money to influence government. | 36 | |
| 8976497096 | Bessemer Process | Way to manufacture steel quickly & cheaply, mass production of steel lead in part to the massive growth of cities | 37 | |
| 8976497097 | Battle of Little Bighorn | 1876- Indian leaders Sitting Bull & Crazy Horse defeated Gen. Custer & his troops | 38 | |
| 8976497102 | Captains of Industry | Owners & mangers of large industrial enterprises who wielded great political & economic power More positive term | 39 | |
| 8976497103 | Robber Barons | Negative perspective on industrialists or big business owners who gained huge profits by paying employees low wages Drove competition out of business by selling goods much cheaper | 40 | |
| 8976497105 | Jacob Riis | Danish immigrant Reporter who pointed out terrible conditions of tenement houses with photographs Author of How the Other Half Lives (1890) | 41 | |
| 8976497106 | Wounded Knee | 1890 Massacre with Native Americans as the efforts to "round up" Native Americans and pressure them back onto reservations continued, 300 Native Americans killed by U.S. military | 42 | |
| 8976497107 | Ellis Island | Immigration processing center in NY Harbor | 43 | |
| 8976497108 | Pullman Strike | Strike that would be nationalized by the American Railway Union and Eugene V. Debbs, US mail failed to be delivered and the government intervened with military force to put down the strike | 44 | |
| 8976497109 | Homestead Act | Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived on the land for 6 months and cultivated crops | 45 | |
| 9839768502 | Conspicuous Consumption | Spending by the wealthy occurs primarily to display wealth and status to others rather than from enjoyment of the goods or services | 46 |
