AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

AP US History Period 9 (1980-Present) Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
9591917873Religious Fundamentalism· A Religious movement where the followers are to return to the foundations of the faith and to influence state policy where every word of the bible is interpreted literally. ·This was a new uprising in the way of worship and lead to new takings on religious aspects ·Ideas belifs and cul ·William J Bryan0
9591917874Moral Majority·A religious en devour that moved to have a faith based political agenda in lobbying. ·Was comprised of mostly conservatives who believed in the idea of mortal law and wished to implement it into politics ·They went against the idea of abortion and the legalization of same sex marriage ·Pol Pow ·Conservative agenda1
9591917875Roe v. Wade·A supreme court case in which it was to be the ruling on the legality of abortion ·The court case made try ed to overturn the ruling on the states banning the right to ban abortion ·This was a pro abortion court case ·Pol and Pow ·Abortions Conservatism2
9591917876Regents of the University of California v. Bakke·Was a supreme court case which covered the topic of affirmative action and the acceptance of people into colleges due to racial quotas. ·a 1978 Supreme Court ruling that narrowly upheld affirmative action, declaring that race may be one factor, but not the sole criterion in school admissions ·pol and pow ·Supreme court ruling ·Affirmative Action3
9591917877Supply side economics·The idea that the American Economy was weak because of the too many rules and taxes on U.S Businesses. ·The solution would be to lower taxes and rules so that these businesses got more profitable and made more jobs. ·This was a way to fix the many problems of the economy of the united states ·wrk exc tech ·Lowering taxes4
9591917878Economy Recovery Tax Act (1981)·Passed by Congress, it included a 25 percent decrease in personal income taxes over three years. There were also cuts in corporate income tax, capital gains tax, and gift and inheritance taxes ·Wrk exc Tech ·FDR First hundred days, Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs)5
9591917879Business Deregulation·Reagan's belief that the American government should allow businesses to operate in a free-market system, with minimal governmental oversight ·Was a philosophy that many politicians lived by ·Wrk Exc Tech ·Reaganomics6
9591917880Sandra Day O'Connor·First woman supreme court justice appointed by Pres Ronald reagan ·Was an important step for equality between the sexes ·Peo ·Supreme Court7
9591917881Expand Military· A movement which sought to expand the power of the united states military to protect the nation. ·Pol Pow ·Sphere of influance8
9591917882Star Wars·A program to protect the United States against attack by enemy missiles, proposed in 1983 by President Ronald Reagan, but never implemented- formally known as the Strategic Defense Initiative. ·Wrk Exc Tech ·Ronald Reagan9
9591917883Nicaragua; Sandinistas·Members of a leftist coalition that overthrew the Nicaraguan dictatorship of Anastasia Somoza in 1979 and attempted to install a socialist economy ·The United States financed armed opposition by the Contras. They lost national elections in 1990 ·pol pow ·election 199010
9591917884Iran- Contra·This involved high officials in the Reagan administration secretly selling arms to Iran (in return for the release of Western hostages in the Middle East) and illegally using the proceeds to finance the Contra rebels in Nicaragua. ·Pol Pow ·Boland Amendment11
9591917885PLO·Palestinian Liberation Organization; formed in 1964 with the purpose of creating a homeland for Palestinians in Israel ·Wrk Exc Tech ·Reagen Revloution12
9591917886"Evil Empire"·Ronald Reagan's description of Soviet Union because of his fierce anti-communist views and the USSR's history of violation of human rights and aggression. ·Ideas belifs and Culture ·Soviet Union13
9591917887Mikhail Gorbachev·Head of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991. His liberalization effort improved relations with the West, but he lost power after his reforms led to the collapse of Communist governments in eastern Europe. ·Peo ·Soviet Union14
9591917888"tear down this wall"·Ronald Reagan said this referring to the Berlin wall while his speech, wanting for Mikhail Gorbachev to hear it. ·Wanting the stop of communism ·Idea belif cult ·Berlin Wall15
9591917889INF Agreement·Reagan and Gorbachev agreed to destroy all intermediate range missiles, eventually Soviets began to pull troops from Afghanistan ·Agreement that stopped all tensions ·Wrk Exc Tech ·Soviet Union united States16
9591917890Fall of Berlin Wall·This event in 1989 marked the symbolic end of the Cold War and was the beginning of the collapse of communism in eastern Europe. ·Ideas belifs culture ·Fall of Communism17
9591917891Soviet Union Breakup·Boris Yeltsin turns Russia into a Republic and the country is out of turmoil. Many republics declared independence; the Soviet government was clearly powerless to stop the fragmentation. ·The Communist Party and Soviet government became powerless and ceased to exist. ·Pol Pow ·Soviet Union ·Fall of Communistic18
9591917892Boris Yeltsin·President of the Russian Republic in 1991. Helped end the USSR and force Gorbachev to resign. ·Pol Pow ·Russian Republic19
9591917893START 1 and 2·Strategic Arms Reduction Talks, 1993-94 between USA and Russia to reduce the active deployment of ICBMs ·Nuclear Warfare20
9591917894Panama invasion·Bush ordered this to remove the autocratic General Manuel Noriega; the alleged purpose of this was to stop Noriega from using his country as a drug pipeline to the US ·War on Drugs21
9591917895Saddam Hussein·President of Iraq from 1979 to 2003. Waged war on Iran in 1980-1988. In 1990 he ordered an invasion of Kuwait but was defeated by United States and its allies in the Gulf War (1991). Defeated by US led invasion in 2003. ·Peo ·Terrorism22
9591917896Persian golf war·Conflict between Iraq and a coalition of countries led by the United States to remove Iraqi forces from Kuwait which they had invaded in hopes of controlling their oil supply. ·A very one sided war with the United States' coalition emerging victorious. ·Pol Pow ·Saddam Hussein23
9591917897Operation Desert storm·Military operations that started on January 16, 1991, with a bombing campaign, followed by a ground invasion of February 23 and 24, 1991. The ground war lasted 100 hours and resulted in a spectacularly one-sided military victory for the Coalition. ·Pol Pow ·Persian golf war24
9591917898Clarence Thomas·African American nominated by George H. W. Bush to be on the Supreme Court; against Affirmative Action; was accused of sexual harassment by Anita Hill; became the second African American to hold a seat in the Supreme Court25
9591917899Americans with Disabilities Act·1990 A wide-ranging civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on disability; covers employment, transportation, building accessibility, transportation, etc. ·Equality26
9591917900" Dont ask Dont tell"·the policy in the US military for homosexuals who served. No one would ask your sexuality but if you were outwardly homosexual and engaging in homosexual activities you would be discharged ·Ideas belifs culture ·Homosexuality27
9591917901NAFTA·A trade agreement between Canada, the United States and Mexico that encourages free trade between these North American countries. ·Wrk exc Tech ·Free trade28
9591917902NRA·National Recovery Administration: established and administered a system of industrial codes to control production, prices, labor relations, and trade practices ·Economic activites29
9591917903Newt Gingrich·Gingrich was the Republican speaker in the House. He pushed for more conservative legislation during Clinton's presidency. ·Conservative Agenda30
9591917904Contract with America-President can delete specific items passed by the Congress, proposed constitutional amendment to limit the term of office was ignore, imposed federal mandates on states without providing the money ·Newt Gingrich31
9591917905Welfare Reform·Clinton takes a moderate approach. He wants to scale back on welfare by cutting funding for programs like food stamps and put limits on how long you can rely on it without getting a job. ·This fulfilled his campaign promise to "end welfare as we know it.32
9591917906Balanced Budgets·state and local governments can not deficit spend unlike the federal government, they can only spend the money that they take in33
9591917907Clinton impeachment·Impeached on two charges, one of perjury and one of obstruction of justice, on December 19, 1998. Two other impeachment articles, a second perjury charge and a charge of abuse of power, failed in the House. The charges arose from the Lewinsky scandal and the Paula Jones lawsuit. ·Bill Clinton ·Lewinsky Scandal34
9591917908Northern Ireland accords·A peace agreement that was estiblished by the us between north and south ireland ·america in the world ·a world police man35
9591917909Yugoslavia break up·Was a break up of the nation of Yugoslavia because they had different religions and cultures- ethnic tensions ·America in the world ·USSR36
9591917910West Bank, Gaza Strip·The land of Jerusalem located the the middle east ·Jerusalem37
9591917911Globalization·A set of processes that are increasing interactions, deepening relationships, and heightening interdependence without regard to country borders.38
9591917912World Trade Organization·An international agency which encourages trade between member nations, administers global trade agreements and resolves disputes when they arise. ·America in the world ·European union39
9591917913World Bank·A specialized agency of the United Nations that makes loans to countries for economic development, trade promotion, and debt consolidation. ·America in the world ·United nations40
9591917914Immigration act of 1986·Also known as the Johnson-Reed Act. Federal law limiting the number of immigrants that could be admitted from any country to 2% of the amount of people from that country who were already living in the U.S. as of the census of 1890.41
9591917915Bush v. Gore·this case ruled in favor of Bush by saying that recounting the votes in certain counties of Florida was unconstitutional because of equal protection of the law; Gore's wish to make the process as simple and painless as possible backfired42
9591917916No Child left Behind·Holds states, schools, and school districts more accountable for their standardized tests scores. The wanted outcome was better tests scores all around and overall a smarter and better population of young people that would positively contribute to a growing America. ·Geroge w. Bush43
9591917917Housing Bubble·Unstable increase in housing prices, to the extent of which, a sudden drop or "bursting" of the bubble could result in a widespread loss of equity.44
9591917918Al-Qaeda·A radical Sunni Muslim organization dedicated to the elimination of a Western presence in Arab countries and militantly opposed to Western foreign policy: founded by Osama bin Laden in 1988. ·America in the world ·Osama bin laden45
9591917919Osama Bin Laden·Arab terrorist who established al-Qaeda (born in 1957). Planned attack of 9-11. ·peo ·Al-Qaeda46
9591917920Bombing of U.S Embassies·The bombing of the us embassies is a series of terrorist attacks against the nation of the united states.47
9591917921World Trade Center·Once an icon for the global economy in New York, became a target for terrorism in 1993 and 2001; al Queda was solely responsible for the 9-11 attacks ·america in the world ·9/1148
95919179229/11/2001·The terrorist attack on the world trade center in NYC ·america in the world ·World Trade Center49
9591917923Afghanistan, Taliban·War on Terror ·A terrorist group in Afghanistan who use terror as a tacit and wants complete control over the people ·America in the world ·War on Terror50
9591917924Hamid Karzai·President of Afghanistan, helped overthrow Taliban, sought international aid for Afghanistan. ·America in the world ·Afghanistan51
9591917925Homeland Security Department·newst executive department set up to combat issues of terrorism, border control, and intelligence: immigration services. FEMA, and the coast guard ·wrk exc tech ·FEMA52
9591917926Kyota Accord·International treaty to limit the greenhouse gas emissions. 1997 to enact in 2005. Bush thought too costly.53
9591917927Bush Doctrine·Foreign Policy based on the idea that the US should take preemptive action against threats to its national security ·wrk exc tech ·War on Terror54
9591917928"Axis of Evil"·Iraq, Iran, and North Korea- named by President Bush in 2002 as significant threats to the security ·ideas belif cul ·Nations against the us55
9591917929WMDs·Generally nuclear weapons with tremendous capability to destroy a population and the planet. WMD warfare refers to the application of force between countries using biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons. ·wrk exc Tech ·Nuclear Warfare56
9591917930Operation Iraq Freedom·An Act to remove Saddam Hussein from power and to help the Iraq people build a stable and free government ·Wrk Exc Tech ·Iraq57
9591917931Sunni v. Shiite·Sunni and Shia Islam are the two major denominations of Islam. With most Shias belonging to the Twelver tradition and the rest divided between several other groups. ·An ongoing division between the two ·ideas belifs cul · Islamic war58
95919179322007 Troop Surge·In 2007 there was a surge in the amount of us troops being put into action overseas. ·This strengthened the Us military ·peo ·Iraq war59
9591917933Fannie May, Freddi Mac·reassured investors who were worried about homeowners defaulting on mortgages by selling bonds to investors and using the funds to purchase mortgages from banks.60
9591917934TARP·controversial, purchased failing assets that included mortgages + mortgage-related securities from financial institutions. Conservatives called TARP socialism, and liberals called it a bailout of the people who had caused the problems in the first place61
95919179352009 Stimulus·The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 added significant funding for IDEA activities. A priority for these funds has been children ages three to five having early access to a free appropriate public education. ·pol pow ·Goverment help62
9591917936Dodd-Frank·Law that calls for fundamental changes in executive compensation disclosure, compensation committee independence, shareholder voting rights, and clawback provisions in publicly traded companies.63
9591917937Auto bailout·The bailout of the auto industry in Detroit Michigan putting the companies Chrysler and Gm back on their feet ·Barrack Obama64
9591917938Affordable Care act·An expansion of medicaid, most of employers must provide health insurance, have insurance or face surtax, prevents rejection based on pre-existing condition. Also referred to as "Obamacare", signed into law in 2010.65
9591917939Tea Party·A national social movement, primarily attracting fiscal and social conservatives, that seeks to limit government spending and cut taxes66
95919179402013 Goverment Shutdown·In 2013, the government shutdown because legislation appropriating funds for fiscal year 2014 wasn't enacted in time.67
9591917941Withdrawal from Iraq·After the assassination of Osama bin Laden there was a withdrawal of troops by Barack Obama68
9591917942Death of Osama bin Laden·Former head of the Islamist militant group al-Qaeda, killed in his compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan on May 2, 2011 by US Navy Seals. Ordered by President Obama ,69
9591917943Arab Spring·A revolutionary wave of protests and demonstrations overtaking dictators in the Middle East (2011). ·America in the world ·Middle east70
9591917944Repeal of "dont ask dont tell"The repealment of the dont ask dont tell overturns the legality of homosexuals in the us military and their openness about their preference. ·pol pow ·Dont ask dont tell71
9591917945Same-Sex marriage·controversial issue in contemporary Western culture focusing on whether homosexual couples should be legally allowed to marry ·pol pow ·Homosexuality72
9591917946Citizens United·a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court holding that the First Amendment prohibits government from censoring political broadcasts in candidate elections when those broadcasts are funded by corporations or unions73

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!