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AP US History reformers Flashcards

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5427029265Catherine BeecherEducational reformer; established Hartford Female Seminary; wrote Treatise on Donestic Economy0
5427029266Sarah and Angelina Grimké SarahObjected to male opposition to their antislavery activities One wrote Letter on the Condition of Women and Equality of the Sexes1
5427029267Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton ElizabethStart out as an abolitionist then progress to women's right reformation one wrote the Declaration of Sediments2
5427029268Amelia BloomerWomen's health to be protected; popularized a short dress with full length Turkish style pants; published The Lily; loved bicycles and said women should be able to do more things/have more flexibility3
5427029269Elizabeth BlackwellFirst woman to receive medical degree; set the basis for women education; learned hygiene is important4
5427029270Charles G. FinneyPresbyterian revivalist; most important preacher during second great awakening; preached fear of damnation; reform and personal morality; "burned over district"5
5427029271William MillerPredicted exact day for second coming Premillennialism-Jesus came, died, left, and people are waiting for hime to come back "Millerites"6
5427029272Peter CartwrightMost famous circuit rider preacher7
5427029273Charles FourierFrench socialist writer; first to use the word "féministe"8
5427029274Robert OwenBelieved environment forms the character; not religiously grounded; believed in free love not marriage; private property, religion, and rational property are bad; believed in birth control9
5427029275George RipleyVery interested in the exploration of self and wanted all members to reach their full potential; Brook Farm-main building burnt down and city did not recover10
5427029276"Mother" Ann LeeBelieved she was the second coming of the Messiah and the daughter of God; both men and women are equal in the sight of God; Shakers-shook away sins; do not have relationships with other people: adopt and convert people11
5427029277John Humphrey NoyesRejected tradition family and marriage; complex marriage-all women are married to all men Postmillenialism-Jesus came, resurrected, 1,000 years of perfectibility of man, when achieved, Jesus will come back (not literal 1,000 years12
5427029278Joseph SmithBook of Mormon; Faced discrimination everywhere he went; only success: founded church or Morm; came to hime in dream saying all religions are wrong13
5427029279Brigham YoungFounded "New Zion"; practice of polygamy and secrecy aroused hostility of US government14
5427029280Oliver Wendall HolmesEarly understanding of Germ Theory15
5427029281Sylvester GrahamNeed balance in life; human is glutness-hard to maintain health; became strict vegetarians; studied skull Led to the Graham cracker16
5427029282Dorothea DixCrusader for the mentally ill; SHE PUT THE CRAZY IN THE CRAZY HOUSE17
5427029283Theobald MatthewPriest; crime was connected to alcohol; started the Total Abstinence Pledge18
5427029284Neal DowNapoleon of Temperance and the Father of Prohibition Liked to fight but was a Quaker; Blue Laws-how alcohol is regulated/sold19
5427029285WashingtoniansArgued alcoholism was a disease; movement overtaken by emphasis of slavery gained strength after Civil War with the Women's Christian Temperance Union20
5427029286Horace MannEducation is essential for democracy; people have a voice in what they are doing; teachers should be paid good; need education more than a few months; Board of Education-uniformed and expanded schools21
5427029287William Holmes McGuffeyPopular; textbooks are fabulous and promoted democracy and patriotism22
5427029288OberlinFirst school to admit women and blacks-not equal education though23
5427029289Thomas GallaudetFounded school for the deaf24
5427029290Samuel Gridley HoweFounded school for the blind25
5427029291Elihu BurrittAnd anti-war activist26
5427029292James BirneyRan as Liberty Party's presidential candidate; former southern slave owner; educated at Princeton; changed to abolitionist27
5427029293Harriet Beecher StoweWrote Uncle Tom's Cabin-inflamed passions in the North and South; romantic fiction combined with abolitionist political agenda; changed nature of anti-slavery debate28
5427029294William Gilmore SimmsOpposed Harriet Beecher Stowe in his novel The Sword an the Distaff-strong southern literary voice that supported slavery29
5427029295Fredrick DouglassNorth start; organized efforts to help fugitive slaved escape to North and Canada; lectured against slavery30
5427029296Harriet TubmanUnderground Railroad "Moses" of her people31
5427029297Sojourner TruthFreed slave and feminist-eloquent antislavery advocate32
5427029298David WalkerMost radical black abolitionist who called for an uncompromising opposition to and violent overthrow of slavery in his Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World; worked for Freedom's Journal33
5427029299William Lloyd Garrison and Wendall Phillips GarrisonBelieved slavery was the root of all the ills of society; gave speeches Published the Liberator34
5427029300Elijah LovejoyFirst martyr for abolition; resulted in a more moderate stance by some abolitionists35
5427098881Theodore Dwight Weld and Lewis Tappan WeldGradual emancipation of all slaver in America; compensation to the owners for the loss of their slaves Published American Slavery as It Is36
5427131261Lyman BeecherPresbyterian Minister; spoke against slavery and temperance; a famous father; theological seminary37
5427382875Important ArtistsThomas Cole (leader) Asher Durand Fredrick Church Albert Beirstadt38
5427382876Mary LyonWanted women to have higher education; became world wide model for education; importance of math and science39
5427382877James Fenimore CooperSignificance of Americas westward expansion, life on the frontier and wilderness40
5427382878Nathaniel HawthorneScarlet Letter41
5427382879Herman MelvilleMoby Dick-epic tale42
5427382880Edgar Allen PoePain and horror, darker side of the human spirit The Raven and Fall of the House of Usher43
5427382881Emily DickinsonRecluse who published 2,000 poems44
5427382882Walt WhitmanLeaves of Grass-poet, love of American democracy, personal liberty, and individuality45
5427382883Ralph Waldo EmersonFormer Unitarian minister; essays and lectures-sought to unite the individual with the universe-through nature individuals can find personal fulfillment; urged self reliance, independent thinking, primacy of spiritual matters; leading critic of slavery and ardent supporter of the Union in the Civil War Nature and Self Reliance-most famous essays46
5427382884Henry David ThoreauLived in same town as Emerson47
5427382885WaldenPioneer ecologist and conservationist; essay "On Civil Disobedience"48
5427382886Timothy DwightPreached that free will played a role in salvation-individuals could gain salvation through their own efforts49
5427382887Margaret FullerFeminist who addressed issues of gender roles50
5427382888Theodore ParkerTheologian and radical reformer51

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