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| 5171464000 | Europe in the Middle (Dark) Ages | Limited exchange of ideas Curiosity and new learning de-emphasized Superstition predominated Travel limited | 0 | |
| 5171464001 | Crusade effects | Products of Middle East/Far East interests (gold, spices, silver) Cheaper ways of getting products Transportation: water vs land | 1 | |
| 5171464002 | Treaty of Tordesillas | Spain vs Portugal | 2 | |
| 5171464003 | Materialism- personal wealth Glory- personal fame Religion- conversion of the "heathens" Nationalism- promoting wealth/power of a nation Scientific Curiosity | Age of Exploration Motivation | 3 | |
| 5171464004 | New Products Loss of Land Loss of Liberty Diminishing of Culture Diminishing of Numbers (90% death rate) Disease | European colonization affecting Native Culture | 4 | |
| 5171464005 | Industrial Revolution | More people wanting more goods (3 times more gold than in Europe) caused inflation because there was more money in people's hands | 5 | |
| 5171464006 | Corn, tomatoes, peppers, chocolate, potatoes | Types of food from the New World | 6 | |
| 5171464007 | Vitamins, anesthetics for surgery, muscle relaxants, poison treatment | Types of Medicine from the New World | 7 | |
| 5171464008 | Joint-stock colony | Granted to private companies in the hopes of creating profits from colonization | 8 | |
| 5171464009 | Proprietary colony | Land granted to individuals for the purpose of creating colonies; the individuals had the right then to grant land to whomever they chose | 9 | |
| 5171464010 | Royal colony | Headed by the English crown/government itself | 10 | |
| 5171464011 | Virginia | First successful English colony in the New World | 11 | |
| 5171464012 | Joint stock | What type of colony was granted to the Virginia Company of London? | 12 | |
| 5171464013 | Jamestown 1607 | First settlement established on James River | 13 | |
| 5171464014 | Climate and Environment Profit Dilemma Predominantly male | Disadvantages of Jamestown | 14 | |
| 5171464015 | Commanded the colony after most settlers didn't survive the first winter | What did Captain John Smith do? | 15 | |
| 5171464016 | Powhatan Indians | Original inhabitants of the James River area (taught settlers how to grow corn) | 16 | |
| 5171464017 | The Starving Time | Time during winter 1609-1610 when population went from 450 to 60 and people were reduced to eating rats, leather and each other | 17 | |
| 5171464018 | Bering Strait in Alaska (approximately 11,000 years ago) | During early migration humans used______ | 18 | |
| 5171464019 | Stone tools & spears | Used for hunting to persue large animals | 19 | |
| 5171464020 | Lord de la Warr | In 1609 a man was made the leader of the VA colony and sent hundreds of new settlers and soldiers to the colonies with fresh supplies and also put a new policy plan for Natives to wipe them out of the James River area (Which was mostly achieved by 1624). | 20 | |
| 5171464021 | John Rolfe | Around 1613 this man would develop a process for curing tobacco that would remove most of its bitterness, making it much more pleasant to smoke (Also would marry Pocahontas) | 21 | |
| 5171464022 | Indentured servitude | Most common source of labor in the early VA colony | 22 | |
| 5171464023 | Indentured servant | someone whose passage to the colonies was paid for in turn for an agreement to be a source of labor for an agreed period of time (usually 5-7 years) | 23 | |
| 5171464024 | Headright System | for every person who paid for someone to come to VA (even if it was himself) that individual, the one that paid, would receive 50 acres of land | 24 | |
| 5171464025 | Headright System | a great advantage for the wealthy as it allowed them to gain very large estates of land (they paid for a bunch of servants to come over); however, the small farmers were pushed to the worst lands while the large landowners had first dibs on the best lands | 25 | |
| 5171464026 | the Virginian House of Burgesses 1619 | With pressures being placed on the royal governors the VA settlers were granted a representative assembly and was used to work with the governor in running the colony | 26 | |
| 5171464027 | - It would pass its own laws without consulting the governor and act as a sovereign power - It would withhold the governor's pay in order to force him to make the decisions that it wanted | The House of Burgesses would remain in constant conflict with the royal governor... | 27 | |
| 5171464028 | it was dissolved and made into a royal colony | What happened to the Virginia Company of London in 1624? | 28 | |
| 5171464029 | Maryland | In 1634 a large area of land just north of Virginia, headed by Lord Baltimore | 29 | |
| 5171464030 | The Calvert family | Who did the king grant Maryland to? | 30 | |
| 5171464031 | Lord Baltimore | a Catholic and had long dreamed of a place where English Catholics could worship without fear of prosecution from Protestants | 31 | |
| 5171464032 | Catholic haven | What was Maryland supposed to be? | 32 | |
| 5171464033 | granted large estates to wealthy English Catholic families, (but many of his settlers were Protestant freemen from Virginia and Protestant indentured servants from England and that caused tension between Catholics and Protestants) | How did Lord Baltimore get settlers to Maryland? | 33 | |
| 5171464034 | Maryland Act of Toleration | To solve growing religious disputes, in 1649 this was passed in the Maryland Assembly | 34 | |
| 5171464035 | Granted religious freedom to all Christians | What did the Maryland Act of Toleration do? | 35 | |
| 5171464036 | tobacco | What did Maryland and Virginia depend on? | 36 | |
| 5171464037 | as families | How did New England Puritans migrate to America? | 37 | |
| 5171464038 | more dispersed population, purer water, & a cooler climate; people shared common values | Why did colonists in New England live longer? Why was marriage easy? | 38 | |
| 5171464039 | fundamental family responsibility; towns began to create elementary schools funded with local taxes: | How did New England towns regard education? | 39 | |
| 5171464040 | New England | Who had the highest literacy rate in America? | 40 | |
| 5171464041 | Harvard | In 1638 what was America's first college? | 41 | |
| 5171464042 | Patriarchal Society | the father was the boss of the family, and society in general and the female was a subservient obedient wife/loving mother | 42 | |
| 5171464043 | endured a strict upbringing through corporal punishment, plentiful chores, and apprenticeships; public education | What were the lives of children like in New England? | 43 | |
| 5171464044 | wives & mothers devout church members ran small-scale farms couldn't own/sell property divorce was difficult Did what God ordained | How did women contribute to society in the colonial era? | 44 | |
| 5171464045 | religion and state were often one and the same | Since most New England colonies were founded on a belief that the colony existed through a 'covenant' with God... | 45 | |
| 5171464046 | Puritan society | Local town governments ensured the good order of... | 46 | |
| 5171464047 | one's membership in the local church | Suffrage rights and political opportunities commonly depended on what? | 47 | |
| 5171464048 | Puritans | founders of the New England colonies with strict beliefs in predestination and 'visible sainthood' | 48 | |
| 5171464049 | Subsequent generations began losing touch with the church | Growing education and secularization eroded Puritan beliefs and... | 49 | |
| 5171464050 | Halfway Covenant | Members of the Puritan church who did not visibly attest to their salvation could become 'halfway saints' | 50 | |
| 5171464051 | to become full saints in the Puritan church | The children of halfway saints would be allowed | 51 | |
| 5171464052 | shipping manufactured rum other goods received from Southern colonies and the Indies, to Africa to be exchanged for slaves | What did New England colonies profit from in the Triangular Trade? | 52 | |
| 5171464053 | Top: Local gentry of religiously devout families guided town meetings Middle: Large population of yeomen farmers loyal to the local community Bottom: Small population of landless laborers, servants, & poor | New England Churches |  | 53 |
| 5171464054 | a mixture of Southern and New England societies | The Middle Colonies were... | 54 | |
| 5171464055 | Middle colonies | Where were immigrants most likely to find economic opportunities? | 55 | |
| 5171464056 | Most became farmers, but many also found opportunities to become artisans in rapidly expanding cities such as Philadelphia and New York | Opportunities were not limited to ethnic background in the diverse Middle Colonies and... | 56 | |
| 5171464057 | Young male indentured servants | 70-85% of immigrants in the Chesapeake were... | 57 | |
| 5171464058 | average age was 10-20 years lower than NE | There was a high death rate in the Chesapeake with an | 58 | |
| 5171464059 | Scarcity of males; allowed some women to improve their social status | Why did some women have bargaining power for marriage in Chesapeake Society? | 59 | |
| 5171464060 | sexual exploitation Childbearing was dangerous Chesapeake women died 20 years earlier than women in New England | How were women vulnerable in Chesapeake? | 60 | |
| 5171464061 | these many marriages would allow them to gain large estates, social/legal rights and influence, and wealth | Due to the short life spans women were commonly able to marry many times due to the death of husbands | 61 | |
| 5171464062 | Top: The plantation gentry dominated society & the House of Burgesses Second: Free farmers were largest class; Came as indentured servants; most lived on edge of poverty Third: Indentured servants were often mistreated & cheated out of land Bottom: African slaves | Social Hierarchy in Chesapeake | | 62 |
| 5171464063 | the south | Education never became an important issue in... | 63 | |
| 5171464064 | poor freed farmers (former indentured servants) and wealthy plantation owners | The head right system quickly created a society split between... in southern society | 64 | |
| 5171464065 | indentured servants | Over half the settlers in southern colonies were... | 65 | |
| 5171464066 | Falling tobacco prices due to overproduction Poor land High taxes | Small farmers were kept poor by... | 66 | |
| 5171464067 | Anglican Church | What was established as the religion of the southern reason? | 67 | |
| 5171464068 | North Carolina due to its open policy of granting lands and its open-minded, democratic society Georgia in the 1750's after the cheap lands of the tidewater regions were exhausted in Virginia and South Carolina | Scotch-Irish developed a strong presence in... | 68 | |
| 5171464069 | a "need" for labor: -Indians decimated by disease -Indentured servant-pool waned after 1660 | The importation of African slaves was based on... | 69 | |
| 5171464070 | An estimated 11 million slaves (mostly males) | How many slaves were brought to the English American colonies? | 70 | |
| 5171464071 | skin color | By 1700, slavery was based exclusively on... | 71 | |
| 5171464072 | the growing black population in VA by 1672 prompted stricter slave laws: | Slaves were originally treated as indentured servants but... | 72 |
