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| 104826478 | the civil war | ... | 0 | |
| 104826479 | civil war casualties | 620,000 deaths total -1862- congress allocates funds for cemetaries -harvest of death- 73000 in antietam die in 1 day (mass graves, no burial policy or notification to fam, rich bodies got home) | 1 | |
| 104826480 | before the emancipation proclamation | -rush of free black men wanting to enlist after fort sumter- turned away -contrabands eager to fight -fed law dating from 1792 barred blacks from bearing arms for US army -lincoln worried about border states | 2 | |
| 104826481 | progress towards the emancipation proclamation | general fermont and hunter jumped the fun and issued proclamations freeing slaves, allowing them to enlist -both severely rebuked by superiors, lincoln anted to be the one to free the slaves | 3 | |
| 104826482 | why did lincoln pass the emancipation proclamation | -declining number of volunteers -increased need for recruits -pressure from radical republicans -waves of former slaves ("contrabands") seeking to enlist and generally having nowhere to go --lincoln needed a battle to win to gain confidence, and that was Antietam | 4 | |
| 770587814 | 1861 timeline of civil war | confederate states of america organized abraham lincoln inaugurated fort sumter surrenders slaves who come to union army declared contraband of war confederates win first battle of bull run | 5 | |
| 770587815 | 1862 timeline of civil war | monitor vs merrimack sea battle union army wins battle of shiloh tennesee union navy captures new orleans second battle of bull run, confederate victory protects richmond union victory at antietam | 6 | |
| 770587816 | 1863 timeline of civil war | emancipation proclamation takes effect richmond bread riots fall of vicksburg battle of gettysburg, union victory protects dc new york city draft riots | 7 | |
| 770587818 | 1864 timeline of civil war | battle of the wilderness atlanta falls to sherman's army, beginning of sherman's march to the sea farragut wins mobile alabama lincoln reelected | 8 | |
| 770587819 | 1865 timeline of civil war | congress passes 13th ammendment outlawing slavery lee surrenders at appomattox court house lincoln assassinated | 9 | |
| 770587820 | rebel yell | frightening yell that confederate soldiers gave when entering battle | 10 | |
| 770587821 | army of the potomac | the main union army led by series of generals until grant took ocmmand in 63 and led it to its victory | 11 | |
| 770587822 | effect of us navy | us navy attacked confederate fortifications on atlantic and gulr coasts, controlled sea islands of south carolina and -blockade of southern ports early in the war, south lost access to atlantic -blockaded most southern commerce -won importnat battles n mississippi | 12 | |
| 770587823 | army of northern virginia | led by lee in confeds, surrendered at Appomattox court house, was essential supply source | 13 | |
| 770587826 | advantages of confederates | only defensive war on their territory, fewer troops necessary, high troop morale, well trained generals, few landlocked regions | 14 | |
| 770587827 | disadvantages of confederates | agrarian, low basic resources | 15 | |
| 770587828 | advantages of union | bigger population, emancipation of slaves, controlled banks, better economy, income ta | 16 | |
| 770587830 | disadvantages of union | offensive war, required more men and long distances to front lines | 17 | |
| 770587831 | finding soldiers to fight | -union enacted first federal conscription bc volunteers decreased -ny draft riots, irish americans -southerners relied on volunteers | 18 | |
| 770587833 | bull run | confederate troops stood ready for oncoming attack- at the beginning, union forces seemed to be gaining upper hand, but more confederate soldiers led by general stonewall jackson soon arrived, sending union troops back to dc -north awakrened by harsh reality | 19 | |
| 770587834 | anaconda plan | first phase, union navy blockaded all southern ports, cutting them off from supplies and trade | 20 | |
| 770587835 | second phase | involved splitting the confederacy in half by taking control of the mississippi river | 21 | |
| 770587836 | third phase | union planned to cut through the heart of the south by marching through georgia, then snaking up the southeast coast to the carolinas | 22 | |
| 770587837 | last phase | capturing the confederate capital at richmond | 23 | |
| 770587838 | second battle of bull run | general lee took advantage of calm by engaging troops again at manassas- union general john pope retreated back to potomac -two ecisive victories under lee's belt so they entered mariland | 24 | |
| 770587839 | antietam | union forces cut off lee, bloodiest day in war, lee's men unable to break union resolve, forced to retreat to va -mcclellan failed to purse the retreating confederates, enraging president lincoln | 25 | |
| 770587840 | turning point of civil war | fight in antietam was a turning point because it kept confederates from gaining much needed foreign assistance from britain and france. also, lincoln now had the victory he was waiting for and immediately issued his preliminary emancipation proclamation | 26 | |
| 770587841 | mississippi | war in west focused on battle over control of mississippi river- general grant able to cut his way through kentucky and tennessee and fight battle at shiloh, controlled port city of new orleans and almost all of mississippi region | 27 | |
| 770587842 | vicksburg | grant launches attack, union forces lay siege for seven weeks to the fortified city- now controll length of mississippi | 28 | |
| 770587843 | gettysburg | lee launched invasion of pennsylvania while union forces kept close tabs on confederates -two huge armies converged at the small town of gettysburg in southern pennsylvania -deadliest most important battle of war -lee could not recover from losses and retreated to va | 29 | |
| 770587844 | sherman's march | sherman cut a 60 mile swath through the heart of the south on his way to south caroline, with scorched earth policy, and ordered troops to burn and destroy fields, homes, and cities as they marched through georgia -goal was to inflict such misery on southerners that they would be compelled to surrender | 30 | |
| 770587845 | southern surrender | lees troop strenght wearing thin, army abandoned capitol of va -knowing end was near, confeds wished to negotiate with lincoln for peace but lincoln refused anything short of an unconditional surrender with the south and a restoration of the union -officially surrendered in appomattox court house, va | 31 | |
| 770587846 | emancipation problamation | applied to slaves living in confederate states, slavery in the border states still lega- despite limitations, did much to bolster morale of union troops -thirteenth ammendment | 32 | |
| 770587847 | immediate consequences of war | in 1865, us gained about 4 million new citizens instantly with ratification of thirteenth ammendment, newly freed african americans now had to find place in ameican social structure | 33 | |
| 770587848 | homestead act of 1862 | granted 160 acres to any family that would agree to farm it for at least 5 years | 34 | |
| 770587849 | pacific railyway act of 1862 | apporved building of transcontinental railroad athat would utterly transform the west by linking the atlantic ocean with the pacific ocean | 35 | |
| 770587850 | proclamation of amnesty and reconstruction | issued in 1863 as a way to bring southern states back under wing of fed gov by lincoln | 36 | |
| 770587851 | wade davis bill | passed in 1864, required that 50 percent of southern state voters take the oath of loyalt and allowed only those citizens who had not been active members or supporters of the confederacy to approve the new state constitutions | 37 | |
| 770587852 | freedmans bureau | provided assistance in the form of food, shelter and medical attention to african americans, eventually est schools | 38 | |
| 770587853 | black codes | restricted actions, movements and freedoms of african americans- could not own land, so tied to small plots leased from a landowners- while congress was on hiatus, southern legislatures adopted it | 39 | |
| 770587855 | sharecropping | african americans were bounded to land under crop lien system0 sharecroppers would lease land and borrow supplies to till their plots while giving a significant portion of their harvest to the landowner as payment for the lien or loan | 40 | |
| 770587856 | civil rights bill of 1866 | designed to destroy the black codes by giving african americans full citizenship- johnson vetoed i | 41 | |
| 770587857 | 14th ammendment | protected the rigths of all us citizens granted all african americans full citizenship and civil rights and required states to adhere to the due process and equal protection clauses of constitution | 42 | |
| 770587858 | military reconstuction act | divided south in 5 districts, governed by union stationed there | 43 | |
| 770587859 | tenure of office act | disallowed executive to discharge federal appointee without the express consent of the senate | 44 | |
| 770587860 | 15th ammendment | barred any state from abridging a citizens right to vote on the basis of race, color or previous servitude | 45 | |
| 770587861 | scalawags | southern republicans -- derogatory term that meant they were pirates who sought to steal from state governments to line their own pockets | 46 | |
| 770587862 | carppet baggers | northern republicans who moved south to seek their fortunes | 47 | |
| 770587863 | positive outcomes of reconstruction in the south | -public education -hosiptals and prisons modernized -tax codes and collection services | 48 | |
| 770587864 | ku klux klan | underground society of whties who ruthlessily and successfully used terrorist tactics to frighten both white and black republicans in south | 49 | |
| 770587865 | force acts | coungress sought to abolish the klan, authorized use of federal troops to quell violence and enforce the fourteenth and fifteenth ammendments | 50 | |
| 770587866 | compromise of 1877 | provided that hayes would become president only if he agreed to remove the last remaining federal tropops stationed in south carolina, florida and lousiana | 51 | |
| 770587867 | the impact of the reconstruction | south never reclaimed glory of prewar days, angry about northern interference, many white southerners turned radical in resentment of freedmen and northerners -evident that lincoln, johnson and congress had no clear plan regarding how to change post war south -african americans no longer in involuntary servent positions, but were widely relegated to inferior positions through economyic, political and social restrictions and rights, trapped in cycle of poverty | 52 |
