Vocab words highlighted for test from The American Pageant: Chapter 3
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| 884751593 | Martin Luther | Leader of protestantism. Nailed his 95 thesis to the door of the Wittenberg Cathedral. Believed that people are saved by faith alone and that the Bible was the only source of God's word. | |
| 884751594 | John Calvin | Leader of Calvinism which stressed Predestination. | |
| 884751595 | Predestination | Belief stating that those going to Heaven or Hell had already been determined by God. | |
| 884751596 | Conversions | Signs that were expected of Calvinists to indicate that they were one of the predestined, or "elect", after this they were expected to lead sanctified lives. | |
| 884751597 | Protestant Work Ethic | Term describing how hard the Calvinists worked to ensure that they lead "sanctified lives" | |
| 884751598 | Puritans | People who wanted to totally reform/purify the church of England | |
| 884751599 | "Visible Saint" | The only people who were allowed to enter the Puritan congregations | |
| 884751600 | King James I | King of England who harassed the Separatists to leave. He believed that if people could deny him as their spiritual leader, then they could deny him as their political leader | |
| 884751601 | Pilgrims | Another term for Separatists. They came from Holland, where they went after they left England, to America on the Mayflower | |
| 884751602 | Captain Myles Standish | Captain of the Mayflower who proved to be a great indian fighter and negotiator | |
| 884751603 | Mayflower Compact | Document signed by all passengers aboard the Mayflower. It wasn't a constitution,but set a standard for later constitutions. It also was the first step toward self-rule in the Northern colonies | |
| 884751604 | William Bradford | Man chosen governor of Plymouth 30 times. He was a great leader and helped the colony survive and trade fur, fish, and lumber | |
| 884751605 | Bible Commonwealth | A non-Separatist, Puritan colony in Massachusetts. It had a population of about 11,000 and was lead by John Winthrop. | |
| 884751606 | John Winthrop | Governor of the Bible Commonwealth for 19 years who helped Massachusetts succeed in trading fur, fish, and shipbuilding | |
| 884751607 | The Bay Colony | Another name for the Bible Commonwealth. The franchise consisted of all free males who belonged to the Congregational Church, this was about 40 percent of the male population which was greatly larger than England. | |
| 884751608 | Franchise | The right to vote | |
| 884751609 | Congregational Church | Another name for the Puritan congregations | |
| 884751610 | John Cotton | A prominent clergy member who was educated at Cambridge and moved to Massachusetts to avoid persecution for his criticism of the Church of England | |
| 884751611 | Anne Hutchinson | Lady who was banned from the Bible Commonwealth due to her belief in "antinomianism" | |
| 884751612 | Antinomianism | Belief that a holy life was not a sign of salvation and that the predestined do not need to bother to follow the laws of God or man | |
| 884751613 | Roger Williams | Radical idealist who hounded his fellow clergymen to make a clean and complete break with the Church of England. He was banished from the Bible Commonwealth in 1635 and led the way for the Rhode Island Colony | |
| 884751614 | Reverend Thomas Hooker | Leader of a group of Puritans into Connecticut | |
| 884751615 | Fundamental Orders | A document drafted in 1639 by the new Connecticut River colony. It was a modern constitution that established a regime democratically controlled by "substantial" citizens | |
| 884751616 | Squanto | a Wampanoag indian who helped keep relative peace until the Pequot War | |
| 884751617 | Pequot War | War that erupted between the Pequot Tribe and English in 1637. The English set fire to a Pequot Village, annihilating indians, and bringing about forty years of tentative peace. | |
| 884751618 | Praying Town | Town were "converted" Indians were settled after the Pequot War | |
| 884751619 | King Phillip | Another name for Metacom. An Indian who led a war against the English | |
| 884751620 | King Phillip's War | War started when Metacom united tribes of Indians to attack the English but failed. It slowed the colonial western march but King Phillip was beheaded and his wife and son were sold into slavery | |
| 884751621 | New England Confederation | Four Puritan colonies that banded together in a sign of feeble American unity | |
| 884751622 | Dominion of New England | England instituted organization led by Edmund Andros. It instituted the hated Navigation Acts and tried to tie the colonies closer to England | |
| 884751623 | Navigation Acts | Acts despised in the American colonies that were enforced by the Dominion of New England. They allowed the colonies to trade only with England | |
| 884751624 | Sir Edmund Andros | Leader of the Dominion of New England | |
| 884751625 | Glorious Revolution | Bloodless revolution in England that brought William and Mary of Orange to power. The effect of this in America was the toppling of the Dominion of New England | |
| 884751626 | New Netherlands | An area established by the Dutch West India company, in 1609, in Manhattan island, that was found by Henry Hudson. It included an army of 10,000 men and 190 vessels, 40 of which were men-of-war. It was settled via patroonships. It was run as a company town with the interests of Dutch West India company stockholders in mind.It was also greatly diverse. | |
| 884751627 | Henry Hudson | Man who ventured into Delaware and New York Bay in 1609 and claimed the area for the Netherlands. | |
| 884751628 | Patroonships | Large area's of land given in New Netherlands to those who agreed to settle at least 50 people on them | |
| 884751629 | New Sweden | Area created by the Swedish trespassing on Dutch reserves on the Delaware River from 1638-1655 | |
| 884751630 | Peter Stuyvesant | A one legged man who was sent by the Dutch to besiege a Swedish fort. He won, ending swedish colonial rule in the New World | |
| 884751631 | Duke of York | Brother of Charles II who was granted control over newly conquered New Amsterdam. The only remaining Dutch legacy was the colonists autocratic spirit. | |
| 884751632 | Quakers | Faith based religion named so because it's members "quaked" with deep religious emotion. They refused to take oaths and do military service; on the whole, they were a very friendly religious people. | |
| 884751633 | William Penn | A well-borne Englishman who embraced the Quaker faith and established Pennsylvania as a religious experiment. | |
| 884751634 | Benjamin Franklin | Founding father who was born in Boston and moved to Philadelphia when he was seventeen years old. A great example of the colonies thriving. |
