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| 7318408425 | Describe the English Civil War. | 1642-1646 - Charles I was very anti-puritan and believed in the Divine Right of Kings - He tried to tax the people without permission of Parliament - Parliament (roundheads) and the Royalists (Cavaliers; supporters of Charles I) formed armies and a civil war ensued - Parliament defeats Charles I and he's executed 1648 - Oliver Cromwell (a puritan) takes over as 'Lord and Protector' (not king!); Puritans are now ruling England - Charles II returns to England from France and inherits the throne; he rules until his death -He is very smart during his rule and doesn't push Parliament | 0 | |
| 7321509021 | What was the interregnum? | 1649-1660 - Period when monarchy is disbanded and Commonwealth Period controls England - Oliver Cromwell takes control | 1 | |
| 7318442583 | What are the restoration colonies? Name them. | - Charles II wanted to reward his nobles for supporting him throughout the English Civil War, so he gave them pieces of land known as the restoration colonies New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Carolina | 2 | |
| 7319141951 | Why are the restoration colonies called that? | They were created by the restored Stuart monarchy | 3 | |
| 7319405593 | What are the Duke's Laws? | - James, the Duke of York, enacted the Duke's laws upon receiving New York - essentially stated that the people in New York could do what they wanted as long as they respected the British authority | 4 | |
| 7319405594 | Describe the founding of Pennsylvania. | - 1681; founded by William Penn (jr.) and his Quaker followers - William Penn (sr.) loaned money to Charles II and Charles granted William Penn (jr.) the land of Pennsylvania to pay back the loan | 5 | |
| 7319405595 | Who were the quakers? | - religious group that followed William Penn to Pennsylvania - Believed in egalitarianism under God (all races, genders, ethnicities etc. are equal) - no social hierarchy and very non-violent people | 6 | |
| 7319405596 | Why was Carolina split into 2? Describe the economy of each. | - originally, there was 1 colony but it split into 2 (north and south) because their economies were so different - South Carolina: rice, sugar, indigo - North Carolina: tobacco; lacked a prominent harbor so they were highly dependent on Virginia | 7 | |
| 7319405597 | Who was granted the land of New Jersey? | George Carteret and John Lord Berkeley | 8 | |
| 7321396901 | Describe the founding of Georgia. | - **not a restoration colony - economy based on cotton | 9 | |
| 7319405598 | Who founded Georgia? | James Oglethorpe 1732 | 10 | |
| 7319405599 | Describe the colonial political structure. | 1. Governor - stood in place of King 2. Legislative Assembly - similar to Parliament 3. Royal Councils - similar to House of Lords; made of aristocrats 4. Local political institutions - legislative assemblies etc. | 11 | |
| 7321447577 | Which territories did the French claim? | great lakes and the mississippi valley - new orleans later on (1718) | 12 | |
| 7321452146 | What was King Phillip's War? | - war fought over a conflict of land division between Native Americans and British - The Wampanoag chief, King Phillip, was troubled by loss of territory and impact of Christianity on his people - New England colonists were victorious over the Poanokets etc. - 10% of the able-bodied white male population of New England was killed | 13 | |
| 7321469726 | What was Bacon's Rebellion? | 1676 - revolt in Virginia led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor William Berkeley - conflict over the division of land between Native Americans and colonists | 14 | |
| 7321481935 | What was the Pueblo revolt? | Resentment over Spanish treatment led by a Shaman named Pope to a revolt among the Pueblo Indians - 1680 | 15 | |
| 7321488460 | What caused a need for slavery in the New World? | - Labor-shortage starting in 1650's - fewer Englishmen and women wanted to go to the Chesapeake bc: 1) population pressures eased in Europe 2) founding of the restoration colonies gave them options 3) tobacco prices would fluctuate in the Chesapeake so jobs weren't as secure - Chesapeake farmers needed a source of labor - They found the answer in the Caribbean sugar islands where Dutch, French, English, and Spanish planters were accustomed to purchasing African slaves | 16 | |
| 7321490247 | When did large scale English importation of Africans begin to take place? | 1670s | 17 | |
| 7328007949 | What was S Carolina's economy primarily based on? | rice and sugar | 18 | |
| 7328018371 | What was the Atlantic trading system? | - triangular exchange of cash crops, manufactured goods, and slaves across the Atlantic ocean - began in the late 1600s - European econ used to depend on the Medit. and Asia but now it was more focused on the Atlantic |  | 19 |
| 7328143144 | What was the middle passage? | - brutal trip from Africa to the New World - slaves were collected from the W coast of Africa and taken on a 6-8 week passage - 10-20% of slaves die en route | 20 | |
| 7328161476 | About how many slaves were brought to the New World from 1670-1799? | 280,000 | 21 | |
| 7328169466 | What is mercantilism? | - the idea behind a mother country's relationship with its colonies - a mother country wants a balance of trade in all departments (they want access to the important markets; one country's gain is another's loss) - the colony makes money by selling raw materials to markets in the mother country - the mother country then takes those raw materials and turns them into manufactured goods to then sell back to the colonies **colony cannot sell to another colony or mother country | 22 | |
| 7328210330 | What were the navigation acts? | - essentially put the theory of mercantilism into practice - They placed regulations on the trading activity of the North American colonies - established the following policies: 1) only British ships can sell to colonies 2) colonies can trade overseas as long as it doesn't interfere with Britain 3) Only enumerated goods (tobacco, indigo etc.) can be sold to the mother country | 23 | |
| 7328261322 | How did James II try to politically reorganize the colonies and why? | - he believed the colonies had too much autonomy so he wanted to tighten the reigns on them - he placed one individual in each region to monitor the colony - became to be known as Dominion of New England | 24 | |
| 7328307093 | What was the board of Trade and Plantations? | - set up by England to coordinate trade policies and law in colonies - it didn't really have the power to do much so the colonies still preserved a large amount of autonomy | 25 | |
| 7328313400 | What was King Williams' war? What was the result? | - conflict fought between English and French/Native Americans over who is to control North America (canadian border) - war is essentially a stalemate and England gets Nova Scotia but there is no other benefit - war didn't solve any problems | 26 |
