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AP Vocab 01 Flashcards

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6987388853Balanced Sentencethe phrases or clauses balance each other by virtue of their likeness or structure, meaning, and/or length.0
6987388854Colloquial Languageslang1
6987388855Complex Sentencecontains an independent clause and one or more subordinating clauses.2
6987388856Compound Sentencecontains two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction or by a semicolon.3
6987388857Compound-Complex Sentencecontains two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.4
6987388858DictionAnalysis of word choice. Word choice conveys voice or the author's or character's personality through the choice of idiom.5
6987388859Figurative LanguageUses figures of speech. It is a way of saying something other than the literal meanings of the words6
6987388860Inverted Order SentenceWhen the verb or part of the verb comes before the subject in a sentence.7
6987388861Involved Sentencethirty words or more words8
6987388862Loose Sentencemakes complete sense if brought to a close before the actual ending9
6987388863Medium Sentenceapproximately 18 words in length or long10
6987388864Monosyllabic Wordsone syllable in length11
6987388865Natural Order Sentence Structureconstructing a sentence so the subject comes before the predicate12
6987388866Parallel Structuregrammatical or structural similarity between sentences or parts of a sentence. It involves an arrangement of words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs so that elements of equal importance are equally developed and similarly phrased13
6987388867Periodic Sentencemakes sense only when the end of the sentence is reached14
6987388868Polysyllabic Wordsmore than one syllable in length15
6987388869Simple SentenceA sentence with one complete clause16
6987388870Split Order Sentence Structurethe predicate is divided into two parts, with the subject in the middle17
6987388871Stylethe manner in which ideas are expressed; the combination of distinctive or unique features characterizing a writer or person18
6987388872SyntaxThe ordering of words into meaningful verbal patterns, such as phrases, clauses, and sentences.19
6987388873Telegraphic Sentencesa concise sentence typically containing five words or less20
6987393661Deconstruction / DeconstructA concept originating in poststructuralist critical theory, which is used in many ways. It refers to the analysis of a text taking into account that its meaning is not fixed but can vary according to the way in which the writer, and reader, interpret language. Instead of looking for meanings, aims to analyze concepts and modes of thought to expose the preconceived ideas on which they are founded.21
6987393663Existentialism / ExistentialA worldview that sees human existence as ultimately meaningless - a situation which causes 'angst', or dread - but at the same time emphasizes the importance of each individual taking responsibility for his or her own choices concerning decisions and actions.22
6987393664Feminist Criticisma form of literary criticism in which the work is explored based on construction of genders and identities, the role of women in society, and the possibilities of women's creative expression.23
6987393665FormalismIn the case of literature, formalism assumes that well-wrought form (the structure of the literary piece, its constituent images, metaphors, and other 'building blocks') can carry the most important dimensions of content from the author to the reader without reference to contextual elements24
6987393666Freudian Criticismshows the importance of the unconscious in all aspects of human life, and developed techniques of psychoanalysis and dream interpretation as ways of gaining access to it.25
6987393667Marxist CriticismLiterary criticism deriving from the theories of Marx, which emphasizes the cultural and political context in which the text was produced.26
6987393668Modernism / ModernistA movement in all the arts in Europe, with its roots in the nineteenth century but flourishing in the period during and after the First World War. The period 1910 to 1930 is sometimes called the period of 'high Modernism'. The War having undermined faith in order and stability in Europe, artists and writers sought to break with tradition and find new ways of representing experience. Some of the characteristic features of modernist literature are: a drawing of inspiration from European culture as a whole; experimentation with form; the radical approach to plot, time, language, and character presentation; a decrease in emphasis on morality, and an increase in subjective, relative, and uncertain attitudes; in poetry, a move towards simplicity and directness in the use of language.27
6987393669Naturalism / NaturalistA term often used interchangeably with Realism, but which has a more specific meaning suggesting that human life is controlled by natural forces such as those explored in the natural sciences, particularly those expounded by Charles Darwin (1809-1882). Naturalist writers aimed to create accurate representations of characters and their interaction with their environment based on scientific truth.28
6987393671Postcolonial CriticismBranch of literary criticism which focuses on seeing the literature and experience of peoples of former colonies in the context of their own cultures, as opposed to seeing them from the perspective of the European literature and criticism dominant during the time of the Empire29
6987393672Postmodern / PostmodernismIn literature one of its manifestations is the attempts by some writers to examine and break down boundaries involved in such issues as race, gender, and class, and to break down divisions between different genres of literature. Other aspects of the postmodernist outlook are: a spirit of playfulness with the fragmented world, the awareness of fiction as an artifice, and the creation of works as a pastiche of forms from the past.30
6987393673PoststructuralismA postmodern approach to literary criticism, and other disciplines, growing out of structuralism. Like structuralism, it questions the relationship between language and reality, and it sees 'reality' as something socially constructed31
6987393674Psychoanalytical Criticismargues that literary texts, like dreams, express the secret unconscious desires and anxieties of the author, that a literary work is a manifestation of the author's own neuroses.32
6987393675RealismThis refers to any subject matter or techniques that create a "true-to-life" impression on the reader. Writers of realism record life "as it is" and allow stories "to tell themselves". Realism can also refer to stories which are about simple, everyday people.33
6987393676StructuralismAn approach to literary criticism which emphasizes that a text does not have one fixed meaning, but is open to any number of interpretations, depending on the meanings attributed to words by both the writer and the reader. It is founded on the idea that the meanings of words are ultimately arbitrary, and instead of looking for the meaning of a text, structural analysis aims to explore oppositions and conflicts within the text, and the underlying structures of thought which produce meanings.34
6987393677Symbolist / Symbolism Movementaimed to break away from the formal conventions of French poetry, and attempted to express the transitory perceptions and sensations of inner life, rather than rational ideas; believed in the imagination as the arbiter of reality, were interested in the idea of a correspondence between the senses, and aimed to express meaning through the sound patterns of words and suggestive, evocative images, rather than by using language as a medium for statement and argument.35
6987393678The New CriticismA movement in literary criticism which developed in the USA in the 1940s, and which aimed to approach literary texts in an 'objective' way, as self-contained objects of study, without reference to such contextual factors as the author's biography, or intentions.36

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