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AP Vocab Flashcards

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9527148023Acid DepositionThe accumulation of acid on Earth's surface Ex:0
9527148024Acid PercitpitationConversion of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides to acids that return to Earth as rain snow or fog Ex:1
9527152814Active solar energySolar radiation captured with photovoltaic cells that convert light energy to electrical energy Ex:2
9527155233Air pollutionConcentration of three substances such as carbon monoxide sulfur dioxide nitrogen oxides hydrocarbons and solid particulates at a greater level than occurs in an average air Ex:3
9527160387Animate powerPower supply by animals or by people Ex:4
9527160388Biomass fuelFuel derived from wood plant material or animal waste Ex:5
9527167885Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)The amount of oxygen required by aquatic bacteria to decompose a given load of organic waste a measure of water pollution Ex:6
9527170513Break-of-bulk pointA location where transfer as possible from one mode of transportation to another Ex:7
9527192792Bulk-gaining industryAn industry in which the final product weighs more or comprise the greater volume than the inputs Ex:8
9527197082Bulk-reducing industryAn industry in which the final product weighs less or comprises a lower volume than the inputs Ex:9
9527208638Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)A gas used as a solvent a propellant in aerosol a refrigerant and in plastic phones in fire extinguishers Ex:10
9527211998Cosumptive water usageThe use of water that evaporates rather than being returned to nature as a liquid Ex:11
9527214978Cottage industryManufacturing based in homes rather than factories most common prior to the Industrial Revolution Ex:12
9527214979FissionThe splitting of an atomic nucleus to release energy Ex:13
9527232858Fordist productionA form of mass production in which each worker is assigned one specific tasks to perform repeatedly Ex:14
9527232859Fossil fuelAn energy source formed from the residue of plants and animals buried millions of years ago Ex:15
9527243678FusionCreation of energy by joining the nuclei of two hydrogen atoms to form helium Ex:16
9527247961Geothermal energyEnergy from steam or hot water produced from hot or molten underground rocks Ex:17
9527251161Greenhouse effectThe anticipated increase in Earth's temperature caused by carbon dioxide (emitted by burning fossil fuels) trapping some of the radiation emitted by the surface Ex:18
9527254747Just-in-time deliveryShipment of parts and materials to arrive at a factory moments before they are needed Ex:19
9527268373Labor-intensive industryAn industry for which labor cost comprise a high percentage of total expenses Ex:20
9527271352MaquiladoraA factory built by a US company in Mexico near the US border to take advantage of the much lower labor cost in Mexico Ex:21
9527279134New international division of laborTransfer of some types of jobs especially those requiring low paid less skilled workers from more developed to less developed countries Ex:22
9527283217Nonconsumptive water usageThe use of water that is returned to nature as a liquid Ex:23
9527328555Nonpoint source pollutionPollution that originates from a large diffuse area Ex:24
9527334368Nonrenewable energyA source of energy that has a finite supply capable of being exhausted Ex:25
9527336416OutsourcingA decision by a corporation to turn over much of the responsibility for production to Independent suppliers Ex:26
9527336417OzoneA gas that absorbs ultraviolet solar radiation and is found in the stratosphere a-zone 15 to 50 km (9 to 30 miles) above Earth's surface Ex:27
9527340830Passive solar energy systemsSolar energy systems that collect energy without the use of mechanical devices Ex:28
9527341182Photochemical smogAn atmospheric condition formed through a combination of weather conditions and pollution especially from motor vehicle emissions Ex:29
9527356181Point source pollutionPollution that enters a body of water from a specific source Ex:30
9527356182PollutionConcentration of waste added to air water or land at a greater level that occurs in an average air water or land Ex:31
9527363384Post-Fordist productionAdoption by companies of flexible work rules such as the allocation of workers to teams that perform a variety of tasks Ex:32
9527369781Potential reserveThe amount of a resource and deposits not yet identified but thought to exist Ex:33
9527372644Proven reserveThe amount of a resource remaining in discovered deposits Ex:34
9527379909RecyclingThe separation collection processing marketing and reuse of unwanted material Ex:35
9527390447RemanufacturingThe rebuilding of a product to specifications of the original manufactured product using a combination of reused repaired and new parts Ex:36
9527396840Renewable energyEvery resource that has a theoretically unlimited supply and is not depleted when used by people37
9527403829Right-to-work lawA US law that prevents a union and a company from negotiating a contract that requires workers to join a union as a condition of employment Ex:38
9527414976Sanitary landfillA place to deposit solid waste where a layer of Earth is bulldozed over garbage each day to reduce emissions of gases and odors from the decaying trash to minimize fires and to discourage vermin Ex:39
9527425570Site factorsLocation factors related to the cost of factors of production inside a plant such as land labor and capital Ex:40
9527432887Situational factorsLocation factors related to the transportation of materials into and from a factory Ex:41
9527437212Vertical integrationAn approach typical of traditional mass production and which a company controls all phases of a highly complex production process Ex:42

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