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| 231256362 | Balkans | a large peninsula in southeastern Europe containing the Balkan Mountain Range, including Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, and Yugoslavia | 0 | |
| 231256363 | Basil II | Emperor who led the Byzantines to their last period of greatness; nicknamed "Basil the Bulgur Slayer" | 1 | |
| 231256364 | Battle of Manzikert | A battle between the Byzantine Empire and Seljuk Turks (Muslims) in 1071, where the Byzantine lost; as a result, the Byzantine asked Europe for help.The turkish victory allowed them to take over most of the anatolian peninsula | 2 | |
| 231256365 | Belisarius | One of Justinian's most important military commanders during period of reconquest of Western Europe; commended in North Africa and Italy, best general of the late Roman world, quickly destroyed Vandals in North Africa, defeated Ostrogoths in 552, , slaughted rebels in Nike Rebellion | 3 | |
| 231256366 | Boyars | Russian aristocrats; possessed less political power than did their counterparts in western Europe | 4 | |
| 231256367 | Bulgaria | Slavic kingdom established in northern portions of Balkan peninsula; constant source of pressure on Byzantine Empire; defeated by Emperor Basil II in 1014 | 5 | |
| 231256368 | Byzantine | characterized by elaborate scheming and intrigue | 6 | |
| 231256369 | Constantinople | Previously known as Byzantium, Constantine changed the name of the city and moved the capitol of the Roman Empire here from Rome. It was strategically located for trade and defense purposes. Later became the capital of the Ottoman Empire and is known as Istanbul | 7 | |
| 231256370 | Cyril | Along with Methodius, missionary sent by Byzantine government to eastern Europe and the Balkans; converted southern Russia and Balkans to Orthodox Christianity; responsible for creation of written script for Slavic known as Cyrillic. | 8 | |
| 231256371 | Dnieper River | Flows from Russia through Belarus and Ukraine to the Black Sea. Kiev is a port city here. | 9 | |
| 231256372 | Emperor Leo III | Byzantine emperor who founded Syrian dynasty and sucessfully avoided Arab invasions, , Byzantine emperor who banned the use of icons., 730 AD; banned the use of icons; had his army break into churches and smash icons | 10 | |
| 231256373 | Fourth Crusade | Initiated by Pope Innocent III six or seven years after Saladin's death; crusaders attacked Constantinople and set up their own government; Byzantine Empire restored by 1261 but never fully recovered from the fourth crusade | 11 | |
| 231256374 | Great Schism | a period of division in the Roman Catholic Church, 1378-1417, over papal succession, during which there were two, or sometimes three, claimants to the papal office | 12 | |
| 231256375 | Greek Fire | Byzantine weapon consisting of mixture of chemicals (petroleum, quicklime, sulfur) that ignited when exposed to water; utilized to drive back Arab fleets that attacked Constantinople | 13 | |
| 231256376 | Greek | of or relating to or characteristic of Greece or the Greeks, actually used more in the Eastern civilization than in Western | 14 | |
| 231256377 | Hagia Sophia | Most famous example of Byzantine architecture, it was built under Justinian I and is considered one of the most perfect buildings in the world. | 15 | |
| 231256378 | Hippodrome | Built by Justinian; A huge stadium; Held athletic events and games; Seated 60,000 people located in Constantinople. Site of Nike Revolt | 16 | |
| 231256379 | Icon | a representation or image of a sacred personage, often considered sacred itself; an image or picture; a symbol; a graphic symbol on a computer monitor display; an object of blind devotion | 17 | |
| 231256380 | Justinian | Byzantine emperor in the 6th century A.D. who reconquered much of the territory previously ruler by Rome, initiated an ambitious building program , including Hagia Sofia, as well as a new legal code, people thought he was a "moron", was married to Theodora. Wanted to recapture "Old Rome". | 18 | |
| 231256381 | Kiev | Trade city in southern Russia established by Scandinavian traders in 9th century; became focal point for kingdom of Russia that flourished to 12th century. | 19 | |
| 231256382 | Lateran Council | These were gatherings of high ranking Church officials in a council, formed to resolve issues within the Church. | 20 |
