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| 5537727979 | Silk Road | An ancient trade route between China and the Mediterranean Sea extending some 6,440 km (4,000 mi) and linking China with the Roman Empire. Marco Polo followed the route on his journey to Cathay. |  | 0 |
| 5537727980 | Tang Dynasty | (618-907 CE) The Chinese dynasty that was much like the Han, who used Confucianism. This dynasty had the equal-field system, a bureaucracy based on merit, and a Confucian education system. | 1 | |
| 5537727981 | Empress Wu | the only woman to rule China in her own name, expanded the empire and supported Buddhism during the Tang Dynasty. |  | 2 |
| 5537727982 | Buddhism | A religion founded in India by Siddhartha Gautama which teaches that the most important thing in life is to reach peace by ending suffering. |  | 3 |
| 5537727983 | Song Dynasty | During this Chinese dynasty (960 - 1279 AD) China saw many important inventions. There was a magnetic compass; had a navy; traded with india and persia (brought pepper and cotton); paper money, gun powder; landscape black and white paintings |  | 4 |
| 5537727984 | tribute system | A system in which defeated peoples were forced to pay a tax in the form of goods and labor. This forced transfer of food, cloth, and other goods subsidized the development of large cities. An important component of the Aztec and Inca economies. | 5 | |
| 5537727985 | Song economic revolution | A major economic quickening that took place in China (960-1279 CE); marked by rapid population growth, urbanization, economic specialization, the development of an immense network of internal waterways, and a great increase in industrial production and innovation | 6 | |
| 5537727986 | Hangzhou | Capital of later Song dynasty; located near East China Sea; permitted overseas trading; population exceeded 1 million. |  | 7 |
| 5537727987 | magnetic compass | Chinese invention that aided navigation by showing which direction was north | 8 | |
| 5537727988 | foot-binding | painful process of wrapping Chinese girls' feet to make them very small |  | 9 |
| 5537727989 | Allah | Arabic word for God | 10 | |
| 5537727990 | Muhammad | Arab prophet; founder of religion of Islam. | 11 | |
| 5537727991 | Mecca | City in western Arabia; birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and ritual center of the Islamic religion. |  | 12 |
| 5537727992 | Quran | The holy book of Islam |  | 13 |
| 5537727993 | Umayyad clan | great Muslim dynasty to rule the empire of the Caliphate (661-750 ce), sometimes referred to as the Arab kingdom | 14 | |
| 5537727994 | Abbasid clan | overthrew Umayyad in 750, moved capital from Damascus to Baghdad. | 15 | |
| 5537727995 | Eastern Roman Empire | aka... the Byzantine Empire | 16 | |
| 5537727996 | Justinian's Code | An organized collection and explanation of roman laws for use by the byzantine empire |  | 17 |
| 5537727997 | Eastern Orthodox Church | The eastern portion of the Catholic church after the great schism |  | 18 |
| 5537727998 | Charlemagne | King of the Franks (r. 768-814); emperor (r. 800-814). Through a series of military conquests he established the Carolingian Empire, which encompassed all of Gaul and parts of Germany and Italy. |  | 19 |
| 5537727999 | feudal system | A political and social system based on the granting of land in exchange for loyalty, military assistance, and other services |  | 20 |
| 5537728000 | manor | A large estate, often including farms and a village, ruled by a lord. |  | 21 |
| 5537728001 | serfs | A person who lived on and farmed a lords land in feudal times |  | 22 |
| 5537728002 | shogun | Supreme military commander in Japan |  | 23 |
| 5537728003 | daimyo | A Japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai |  | 24 |
| 5537728004 | Zen Buddhism | a Buddhist sect that emphasizes enlightenment through meditation and stresses simplicity and discipline |  | 25 |
| 5537728005 | Vikings | Invaders of Europe that came from Scandinavia |  | 26 |
| 5537728006 | Tale of Genji | thought of the first full-length novel in the world, one of Japan's greatest novels, written by Lady Murasake Shikibu. | 27 | |
| 5537728007 | Shinto | "Way of the Kami"; Japanese worship of nature spirits |  | 28 |
| 5537728008 | Asian steppes | sparse, dry treeless grassland |  | 29 |
| 5537728009 | Seljuk Turks | the invasion of the Byzantine Empire by these people led to the Crusades in 1000 AD |  | 30 |
| 5537728010 | Delhi Sultanate | The first Islamic government established within India from 1206-1520. Controlled a small area of northern India and was centered in Delhi. |  | 31 |
| 5537728011 | Genghis Khan | Founder of the Mongol Empire. |  | 32 |
| 5537728012 | Kublai Khan | (1215-1294) Grandson of Genghis Khan and founder of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty in China. |  | 33 |
| 5537728013 | Mamluks | Muslim slave warriors; established a dynasty in Egypt; defeated the Mongols halted their advance | 34 | |
| 5537728014 | Ghana Empire | West African state that supplied the majority of the world's gold and salt from 500 CE-1400's |  | 35 |
| 5537728015 | trans-Saharan trade | trade between peoples north and south of the Sahara |  | 36 |
| 5537728016 | Islam | A religion based on the teachings of the prophet Mohammed which stresses belief in one god (Allah), Paradise and Hell, and a body of law written in the Quran. Followers are called Muslims. |  | 37 |
| 5537728017 | Sundiata | the founder of Mali empire. He crushed his enemies and won control of the gold trade routes | 38 | |
| 5537728018 | Mansa Musa | Emperor of the kingdom of Mali in Africa. He made a famous pilgrimage to Mecca and established trade routes to the Middle East. | 39 | |
| 5537728019 | Swahili | A Bantu language with arabic words, spoken along the east african coast |  | 40 |
| 5537728020 | Pope Urban II | Leader of the Roman Catholic Church who asked European Christians to take up arms against Muslims, starting the Crusades | 41 | |
| 5537728021 | Theravada | This school of Buddhism is very strict and conservative. Followers are known as monks |  | 42 |
| 5537728022 | Mahayana | one of two great schools of Buddhist doctrine emphasizing a common search for universal salvation especially through faith alone |  | 43 |
| 5537728023 | Nestorian | Taught that Christ exists as two persons - the man Jesus and the divine Son |  | 44 |
| 5537728024 | Sufis | a mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life |  | 45 |
| 5537728025 | Ibn Battuta | Moroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan. |  | 46 |
| 5537728026 | Zheng He | Chinese admiral during the Ming Dynasty, he led great voyages that spread China's fame throughout Asia | 47 | |
| 5537728027 | Black Plague | Diseases from fleas carried by rats. Killed 25 million people in Europe alone |  | 48 |
| 5537728028 | Anti-Semitism | Prejudice against Jews | 49 | |
| 5537728029 | civil service exam | In China, it was an exam based on Confucian teachings that was used to select people for various government service jobs in the bureaucracy. | 50 | |
| 5537728030 | neo-confucianism | a philosophy that emerged in Song-dynasty China; it revived Confucian thinking while adding in Buddhist and Daoist elements |  | 51 |
| 5537728031 | Jesuits | Also known as the Society of Jesus; founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556) as a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism. |  | 52 |
| 5537728032 | Aztec | A Mesoamerican civilization of Mexico who created a strong empire that flourished between the 14th and 15th century. The arrival of Hernando Cortez and the Spanish Conquistadores ended their empire. |  | 53 |
| 5537728033 | Mayans | 1500 B.C. to 900 A.D. This is the most advanced civilization of the time in the Western Hempishere. Famous for its awe-inspiring temples, pyramids and cities. A complex social and political order. |  | 54 |
