Benchmark questions 1-77 for AP World History
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| 138791562 | Archaeologist | a scientist who is trained like a detective to uncover the stories of prehistoric people | 0 | |
| 138791563 | Artifacts | human made objects, such as tools or jewlery | 1 | |
| 138791564 | Anthropologist | a scientist who studies the culture of prehistoric people by looking at objects left behind | 2 | |
| 138791565 | Culture | this is a word meaning a people's unique way of life | 3 | |
| 138791566 | Paleontologist | this type of scientist studies evidence of early life preserved in rocks | 4 | |
| 138791567 | Fossils | the term used for evidence of early life preserved in rocks | 5 | |
| 138791568 | Nomads | Mobile people who moved from place to place foraging for new sources of food | 6 | |
| 138791569 | advanced cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, advanced technology | list the 5 characteristics that define a civilization | 7 | |
| 138791570 | Cuneiform | "wedge-shaped" writing developed by the Sumerians | 8 | |
| 138791571 | Ziggurat | "mountain of the God" , place of worship, city hall, and used for grain storage | 9 | |
| 138791572 | Neolithic Revolution | the beginning of systematic agriculture/farming | 10 | |
| 138802236 | Fertile Crescent | a curve shaped region that provided the best farming in the Middle East | 11 | |
| 138802237 | City-state | a city and its surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit | 12 | |
| 138802238 | Dynasty | A series of rulers from one family | 13 | |
| 138802239 | Polytheism | The belief in more than one god | 14 | |
| 138802240 | Empire | political system that brings together several peoples, nations, or independent states under one ruler | 15 | |
| 138802241 | Code of Hammurabi | This was used to unify the Babylonian Empire, it included 282 laws | 16 | |
| 138802242 | Delta | Broad, marshy, triangular area of land formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river | 17 | |
| 138802243 | Pharaoh | Egyptian God-king | 18 | |
| 138802244 | Theocracy | Type of government in which rule is based on religious authority | 19 | |
| 138802245 | Hieroglyphics | "sacred carvings", Egyptian system of writing | 20 | |
| 138802246 | Mandate of Heaven | concept where a ruler recieved his authorityto govern from the heavans | 21 | |
| 138802247 | Migration | the moving of peoplefrom one region to another | 22 | |
| 138802248 | Caste system | The social system in India | 23 | |
| 139188817 | Reincarnation | an individual soul or spirit is born again and again until moksha is achieved | 24 | |
| 139188818 | Siddhartha Gautama | Buddha's real name | 25 | |
| 139188819 | Phonecians | civilization of great shipbuilders and sailors, established trade colonies throughout the mediterranean | 26 | |
| 139188820 | Phonecian Alphabet | what was the phoenicians greatest legacy they left behind that both influenced the greeks and modern language which included 22 characters | 27 | |
| 139188821 | Torah | first 5 books of the hebrew bible....DUH! ;) | 28 | |
| 139188822 | Abraham | considered the "father" of the hebrews | 29 | |
| 139188823 | Monotheism | the belief in one god | 30 | |
| 139188824 | covenant | the mutual promise between God and the hebrew people | 31 | |
| 139188825 | Moses | This man led the hebrews out of Egypt and recieved the ten commandments | 32 | |
| 139188826 | Cyrus the great | he allowed the hebrews to return to jerusalem to rebuild their temple. considered a military genius, tolerant leader, and was ruler of persiaan empire | 33 | |
| 139188827 | New Kingdom | This is the period of time inEgypt that the empire became more powerful and wealthy. Included the rule of queen hapsheput, King Thutmose III, and king Ramses II | 34 | |
| 139188828 | Ashurbanipal | He collected ove 20,000 tablets creating the ancient world's largest library, in Ninevah | 35 | |
| 139188829 | Royal Road | This was used to create a quick and easy route for communication throughout the persian empire | 36 | |
| 139188830 | Zoroastrianism | this religion taught that the earth was in a constant struggle going on between good and evil, this religion's beliefs can still be seen in modern religions today such as judaism, christanity, and islam | 37 | |
| 139188831 | Confucius | this man had a deep desire to return order and moral living to Chinese society | 38 | |
| 139188832 | Daoism | This philosophy of thought believes that there is a universal force called the dao | 39 | |
| 139188833 | Legalism | this philosophy believes that government should be used to end civil disorder and restore harmony, meaning good deeds are rewarded and bad deeds are severely piunished | 40 | |
| 139188834 | Autocracy | a government that has unlimited power and uses it in an arbitrary manner | 41 | |
| 139188835 | Great Wall of China | This was built under the Qin Dynasty with the use of peasant labor | 42 | |
| 139188836 | Mountains | What distinct geographical feature to Greece had a great impact on Greek politics? | 43 | |
| 139188837 | Trojan war | war fought between the greeks and trojans over trade routes along the mediterrranean | 44 | |
| 139188838 | Homer | Blind storytelle who told epics about Greek heroes including The Odyssey and The Illiad | 45 | |
| 139188839 | Myths | what is the name given to traditional stories about the Greek gods? | 46 | |
| 139188840 | Polis | another name for greek city-state | 47 | |
| 139188841 | Acropolis | this was a fortified hilltop where citizens gathered to discuss city government in Greece | 48 | |
| 139188842 | Monarchy | in this form of government a king or queen makes all government decisions | 49 | |
| 139188843 | Oligarchy | a government in which power is the hands of a few people | 50 | |
| 139188844 | Tyrant | name given for someone who seizes power by appealing to the common people for support | 51 | |
| 139188845 | Democracy | government where rule is by the people | 52 | |
| 139188846 | Draco | this man created a system of laws that dealt harshly with those who broke the law | 53 | |
| 139188847 | Direct Democracy | form of government allows citizens to rule directly instead of through representatives | 54 | |
| 139188848 | Classical Art | Values of harmony, order, balance, & proportion became the standard for this type of art | 55 | |
| 139188849 | Pelopennesian war | war fought between Athens and Sparta | 56 | |
| 139188850 | Philosophers | lovers of wisdom | 57 | |
| 139188851 | Socrates | charged with "corrupting the youth of Athens" and sentenced to death by Hemlock | 58 | |
| 139188852 | Plato | wrote the famous work titled 'the rebuplic' | 59 | |
| 139188853 | Aristotle | Taught Alexander the Great, his work helped to establish the scientific method today | 60 | |
| 139188854 | Alexander | who was the son of King Phillip II and attacked the persian emipre later dying of a fever at the age of 32 | 61 | |
| 139188855 | Republic | Form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders | 62 | |
| 139188856 | Senate | this consisted of 300 members and was considered the aristocratic branch of Rome's government | 63 | |
| 139188857 | Legions | 5,000 roman soliders | 64 | |
| 139188858 | Punic Wars | Name of 3 wars fought between Rome and Carthage | 65 | |
| 139188859 | Civil War | conflict between groups within the same country | 66 | |
| 139188860 | Julius Ceasar | conquerd Gaul and became the absolute ruler of rome, eventually stabbed to death 23 times by senate | 67 | |
| 139188861 | Augustus | First ruler of the Roman republic, named octavian | 68 | |
| 139199575 | roads | allowed for easy trade throughout the Roman Emprie | 69 | |
| 139199576 | Jesus | Born in Bethlehem around 6-4 B.C., a carpenter | 70 | |
| 139199577 | Constantine | which Roman emperor recognized the Christian religion when he placed crosses on his soldiers' shield and created a document that declared Christianity a Roman Empire approved religion | 71 | |
| 139199578 | inflation | drastic drop in value of money & increase in prices | 72 | |
| 139199579 | mercenaries | foreign soldiers who fought for money | 73 | |
| 139199580 | Constantinople | New Capital of Rome, named for constantine | 74 | |
| 139199581 | Hellenism/Greco-Roman | Mixing of Greek, Roman, and Hellenistic culture | 75 | |
| 139199582 | Latin | Language used by the Romans, has influence upon many languages today | 76 | |
| 139199583 | Aqueducts | These provided fresh water daily to the Roman empire | 77 | |
| 149706060 | bedouins | arab nomads | 78 | |
| 149706061 | ka'ba | ancient shrine in Mecca | 79 | |
| 149706062 | Muhammad | muslim religous figure who was orphaned at age 6, became a trader at 25, a prophet at 40 whose wife was khadijah | 80 | |
| 149706063 | Allah | Arabic word for god | 81 | |
| 149706064 | Islam | submission to the will of Allah | 82 | |
| 149706065 | Muslim | one who has submitted | 83 | |
| 149706066 | mosque | islamic house of worship | 84 | |
| 149706067 | Qur'an | holy book of muslims, the collection of Muhammad's revelations | 85 | |
| 149706068 | Jihad | striving or the inner struggle against evil | 86 | |
| 149706069 | algebra | Al-Khwarizimi, a mathematician developed this form of math that was the art of bringing together unknowns to match a know quantity | 87 | |
| 149706070 | justinian code | uniform code of laws created under Justinian that was created from over 400 years of roman law | 88 | |
| 149706071 | patriarch | name for the leading bishop of the Eastern church | 89 | |
| 149706072 | excommunication | taking away the membership to the church | 90 | |
| 149706073 | roman catholic and eastern orthodox | two churches formed when the Christian church split in two | 91 | |
| 149706074 | Hagia sophia | nicknamed the holy wisdom; it was the largest catheral built of its time during justinian's rule over the byzantine empire | 92 | |
| 149706075 | slavs | IndoEuropeans who migrated into Central Europe and became poles, slovaks, slovenes, czechs, serbs | 93 | |
| 149706076 | Kublai Khan | Mongol that ruled china and rebuilt the trade along the silk road | 94 | |
| 149706077 | shintoism | religious beliefs in japan called animism in which spirits reside in nature | 95 | |
| 149706078 | middle ages | Medieval Period from 500 to 1500 | 96 | |
| 149706079 | monasteries | name given to places where monks and nuns sought refuge from the chaos of the rest of the world | 97 | |
| 149706080 | feif | land granted by a landowner to a vassal | 98 | |
| 149706081 | Charlemagne | tall man, named charles the great extended frankish rule, started the carolingian revival and was given the title Roman Emperor by the pope | 99 | |
| 149706082 | serfs | group of people not allowed to leave the land they were born | 100 | |
| 149706083 | manor | the lord's estate | 101 | |
| 149706084 | chivalry | set of ideals that a knight must might to defend their 3 masters | 102 | |
| 149706085 | sacraments | important religious ceremonies, ex. Baptism | 103 | |
| 149706086 | canon law | church law | 104 | |
| 149706087 | Holy Roman Empire | formerly know as the roman empire of the German nation created by Otto I | 105 | |
| 149766769 | Mongols | Nomadic Tukurkic people who unified much or Eurasia under Gengis Khan, conquered Russia, Islamic empoire, and China | 106 | |
| 149766770 | Crusades | a holy war to gain control of the holy land | 107 | |
| 149766771 | Jerusalem | this city was captured in1099 by crusaders | 108 | |
| 149766772 | Reconquista | the long effort by the Spanish to push Muslims out of Spain | 109 | |
| 149766773 | Spanish inquisition | King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella used this to restore order to and suppress heresy in Spain after the reconquista | 110 | |
| 149766774 | Guilds | organization of individuals inthe same business/occupation working to improve the economic/social conditions of its members | 111 | |
| 149766775 | Vernacular | Everyday language of their homeland | 112 | |
| 149766776 | Battle of hastings | this battle took place after King Edward the Confessor died without heir which changed the course of English history in 1066 when William the Conqueror defeated Harold Godwinson | 113 | |
| 149766777 | Jury | A group of 12 loyal people in england who answered a judges's questions about facts of a case | 114 | |
| 149766778 | Common Law | unified body of laws created from court rulingsof England's royal judges | 115 | |
| 149766779 | Magna Carta | Document King George was forced to sign allowing certain basic political rights in England | 116 | |
| 149766780 | Parliament | Legislative group in England, created by King Edward I, composed of 2 houses | 117 | |
| 149766781 | Great Schism | split in the church that occured in the 14th century which greatly weakened its power in Europe | 118 | |
| 149766782 | Bubonic Plague | Deadely disease that killed 1/3 of Europe's population known as the Black Death | 119 | |
| 149766783 | 100 year war | War that started with the death of the last Capetian king in France, introduced the longbow to battle, ended the age of chivalry, forced the English from France entirely | 120 | |
| 149766784 | Ghana | First great West African trading kingdom circe 300 A.D., located between gold mines and salt trade | 121 | |
| 149766785 | Mali | This was the scond great West African Muslim trading kingdom during the 1200s which taxed all goods transported through its kingdomand ruled by Mansa Musa | 122 | |
| 149766786 | Songhay | What was the third great West African Muslim trading kingdom which was larger than Mali and Ghana and defeated by armies from Morocco? | 123 | |
| 149766787 | Great Zimbabwe | which Bantu speaking culture located in the interior of Africa around 1000 A.D. built advanced stone enclosures? | 124 | |
| 149766788 | Mutapa | North Africans who traded salt for gold trade with sub-Sahara Africans | 125 | |
| 149766789 | Mayans | Which Mesoamerican empire was located on the Yucatan Penninsula, devised the use of zero, and created accurate calanders? | 126 | |
| 149766790 | Aztec | Which group built a warrior empire centered at its capital Tenochtitlan and based around human sacrifice? | 127 | |
| 149766791 | Quipu | What was the name for the knotted rope system used as method of record keeping by the Incans? | 128 | |
| 160199240 | inca | indian empire in peru built a network of roads and bridges through the andes | 129 |
