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| 5428162475 | Muslim (Cultural Pg. 345) | A follower of the religion of Islam ex. Muslims are encouraged to read the Qur'an in the language of Arabic. |  | 0 |
| 5428162476 | Five pillars (Cultural Pg. 351) | five basic acts in Islam, considered mandatory by believers and are the foundation of Muslim life. ex. The Five Pillars are the basic tenets of Islam. |  | 1 |
| 5428162477 | Sharia (Cultural, Political Pg. 352) | Islamic canonical law based on the teachings of the Koran and the traditions of the Prophet ex. Sharia is not to be confused with the Qur'an as it is the words of Muhammad and not Allah. |  | 2 |
| 5428162478 | Hijra (Interactions Pg. 349) | A person who adopts a gender role that is neither male nor female ex. A Hijra traditionally performed as singers or dancers at religious festivals. |  | 3 |
| 5429004028 | Umayyad (Political, Cultural Pg. 355) | The first dynasty of Arab caliphs (661-750). Its capital was Damascus, and it is known for its encouragement of the arts and architecture. ex. The Umayyad dynasty began after the assassination of Ali. |  | 4 |
| 5440513624 | Ulama (Cultural, Political Pg. 357) | a body of Muslim scholars recognized as having specialist knowledge of Islamic sacred law and theology. ex. Ulama translates to "the learned ones" |  | 5 |
| 5432082431 | Harun al-Rushid (Political, Cultural Pg. 357) | was the fifth Abbasid Caliph ex. Harun al-Rushid was considered one of the greatest caliphs. |  | 6 |
| 5432089927 | Sufi (Cultural Pg. 366) | a Muslim ascetic and mystic. ex. Sufis were among the most effective missionaries of Islam. |  | 7 |
| 5432093570 | "Seal of the prophets" (Cultural Pg. 349) | a title used in the Qur'an to designate the prophet Muhammad ex. "seal" refers to the final prophet of Allah. |  | 8 |
| 5432102007 | Dar al-Islam (Political, Cultural Pg. 346) | is the area of the world under the rule of Islam ex. Means "house of Islam". |  | 9 |
| 5432108657 | Jihad (Cultural, Pg. 351) | a. (among Muslims) a war or struggle against unbelievers. b. the spiritual struggle within oneself against sin ex. Jihad can mean different things to different Muslims. |  | 10 |
| 5432118041 | Hajj (Cultural, Pg. 345) | the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca that takes place in the last month of the year, and that all Muslims are expected to make at least once during their lifetime ex. The Hajj draws hundreds of thousands from all of the world to Saudi-Arabia. |  | 11 |
| 5432122454 | Caliph (Cultural, Pg. 353) | the chief Muslim civil and religious ruler, regarded as the successor of Muhammad ex. The first caliph was Abu Bakr. |  | 12 |
| 5432127867 | Abbasid (Political, Pg. 356) | of or relating to a dynasty of caliphs who ruled in Baghdad from 750 to 1258 ex. Civil war between Haruh's sons brought the decline of the dynasty. |  | 13 |
| 5432134071 | Qadis (Political, Cultural Pg. 357) | a judge in a Muslim community, whose decisions are based on Islamic religious law. ex. Qadis had a formal education but were not regarded priests. |  | 14 |
