Mr. Brown AP World ECHHS
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| 374073491 | Ivan III (The Great) | Prince of the Duchy of Moscow; responsible for freeing Russia from the Mongols; took the title of tsar | |
| 374073492 | Third Rome | Russian claim to be the successor of the Roman and Byzantine Empires | |
| 374073493 | Ivan IV (The Terrible) | confirmed power of tsarist autocracy by attacking the authority of the boyars; continued policy of expansion; established contacts with Western European commerce and culture | |
| 374073494 | cossacks | peasant-adventurers with agricultural and military skills recruited to conquer and settle in newly seized lands in southern Russia and Serbia | |
| 374073495 | Time of Troubles | early 17th century period of boyar efforts to regain power and foreign invasion following the death without an heir of Ivan IV; ended with the selection of Michael Romanov as tsar in 1613 | |
| 374073496 | Romanov dynasty | ruled Russia from 1613 to 1917 | |
| 374073497 | Alexis Romanov | seond ruler of the dynasty; abolished assemblies of nobles; gained new powers over the Orthodox church | |
| 374073498 | ld Believers | conservative Russians who refused to accept the ecclesiastical reforms of Alexis Romanov; many were exiled to southern Russia or Siberia | |
| 374073499 | Peter I (The Great) | tsar from 1689 to 1725; continued growth of absolutism and conquest; sought to change selected aspects of the economy and culture through imitation of western European models | |
| 374073500 | St. Petersburg | Baltic city made the new capital of Russia by Peter I | |
| 374073501 | Catherine the Great | German-born Russian tsarina; combined receptivity to selective Enlightenment ideas with strong centralizing policies; converted the nobility to a service aristocracy by granting them new power over the peasantry | |
| 374073502 | Partition of Poland | three separate divisions of Polish territory between Russia, Prussia, and Austria in 1772, 1793, and 179; eliminated Polcand as an independent state | |
| 374073503 | obruk | labor obligations of Russian peasants owed either to their landlords or to the state; part of the increased burdens placed on the peasantry during the 18th century | |
| 374073504 | Pugachev rebellion | unsuccessful peasant rising led by cossack Emelyan Pugachev during the 1770's; typical of peasant unrest during the 18th century and thereafter |
