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AP World - Chp 35 Flashcards

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5812111200Chiang Kai-ShekGeneral and leader of Nationalist China after 1925. Although he succeeded Sun Yat-sen as head of the Guomindang, he became a military dictator whose major goal was to crush the communist movement led by Mao Zedong. In 1949 the Guomingdang was defeated by the CCP and transplanted to Taiwan.0
6503994185civil disobedienceIs the active refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of a government, especially by people who believe the law or the government to not be legitimate or moral.1
6503996244Fidel CastroCuban socialist revolutionary leader who overthrew the regime of the dictator Batista in 1959 and soon after established a Communist state, making himself the new dictator2
6504014713Getulio VargasDictator of Brazil from 1930 to 1945 and from 1951 to 1954. Defeated in the presidential election of 1930, he overthrew the government and created Estado Novo ('New State'), a dictatorship that emphasized industrialization3
6504017253GuomindangNationalist political party founded on democratic principles by Sun Yat-sen in 1912 that ruled China until 1949. After 1925, the party was headed by Chiang Kai-shek, who turned it into an increasingly authoritarian movement. The GMD and the Communists were enemies4
6504270145Indian National CongressA movement and political party founded in 1885 to demand greater Indian participation in government. Its membership was middle class, and its demands were modest until World War I. Led after 1920 by Mohandas K. Gandhi, appealing to the poor.5
6504278580Long MarchThe 6,000-mile (9,600-kilometer) flight of Chinese Communists from southeastern to northwestern China. The Communists, led by Mao Zedong, were pursued by the Chinese army under orders from Chiang Kai-shek.6
6504282903Mao ZedongLeader of the Chinese Communist Party from 1927-1976. He led the Communists on the Long March (1934-1935) and rebuilt the Communist Party and Red Army during the Japanese occupation of China (1937-1945).7
6504324705Mohandas GandhiA philosopher from India, this man was a spiritual and moral leader favoring India's independence from Great Britain. After being educated as a lawyer in England, he returned to India and became leader of the Indian National Congress in 1920. He practiced passive resistance, civil disobedience and boycotts to generate social and political change.8
6504335056Muhammad Ali JinnahIndian Muslim politician who founded the state of Pakistan. A lawyer by training, he joined the All-India Muslim League in 1913. As leader of the League from the 1920s on, he negotiated with the British/INC for Muslim Political Rights9
6504337868Partition of IndiaThis led to the movement of millions of people in South Asia after India got its independence from Britain.10
6504348209Sun Yat-SenChinese physician, political leader, and nationalist revolutionary, he the founder and leader of the Guomindang until his death. He attempted to create a liberal democratic, economic, and political movement in China but was thwarted by military leaders.11
9472044721European style educationStudents are required to follow distinct educational pathways or specific types of schooling, either at the beginning or during lower secondary education12
9472044724AhimsaThe principle of nonviolence toward all living things13
9472044725SatyagrahaA policy of passive political resistance, especially that advocated by Mahatma Gandhi against British rule in India14
9472044726HarijansA member of a hereditary Hindu group of the lowest social and ritual status15
9472044727Government of India ActSaid to be the longest Act (British) of Parliament ever enacted by that time16
9472044729PakistanA country in South Asia and crossroads of Middle East and Central Asia17
9472044730Qing DynastyThe last imperial dynasty of China which was overthrown by revolutionaries18
9472044731Chinese Revolution of 1911: unstable republicThe establishment of theChinese Republic developed out of the Wuchang Uprising against the Qing government on 10 October191119
9472044732Dr. Sun Yat-senChinese politician who was elected provisional president of the republic after the fall of the Qing Dynasty20
9472044733WarlordsA military commander, especially an aggressive regional commander with individual autonomy21
9472044734May Fourth MovementAn anti-imperialist, cultural, and political movement growing out of student participants in Beijing on 4 May 191922
9472044736Three Principles of the PeopleA political philosophy developed by Sun Yat-sen as part of a philosophy to make China a free, prosperous, and powerful nation23
9472044738Jiang JieshiA political and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China between 1928 and 197524
9472044739Long MarchThe communist leader Mao Zedong led his forces on a long march to safety in the northwest part of China25
9472044740MaoismThe communist doctrines of Mao Zedong as formerly practiced in China26
9472044741Goals of post-war colonial economiesIn the United States, the Employment Act of 1946 set the goals of achieving full employment, full production, and stable price27
9472044742African nationalismA political movement for the unification of Africa and for national self-determination28
9472044743"New elite"A group of persons exercising the major share of authority or influence within a larger group29
9472044744Pan AfricanismThe principle or advocacy of the political union of all the indigenous inhabitants of Africa30
9472044745Diego RiveraA prominent Mexican painter31
9472044746US neo-colonialismThe practice of using capitalism, globalization and cultural imperialism to influence a developing country in lieu of direct military control32
9472044747"Dollar diplomacy"The use of a country's financial power to extend its international influence33
9472044748"Yankee imperialism"A policy aimed at extending the political, economic, and cultural control of the United States government over areas beyond its boundaries34
9472044749Good neighbor policyA United States foreign policy doctrine, adopted by Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1933, designed to improve relations with Latin America35

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