vocab
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| 81712360 | Cyrus | founder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. between 550 and 530 bce he conquered Media, Lydia, and Babylon. revered in the traditions of both Iran and the subject peoples, he emploed Persians and Medes in his administration and respected the institutions and beliefs of subject peoples | 0 | |
| 81712361 | Darius I | third ruler of the persia empire. he crushed the widespread initial resistance to his rule and gave all major governemnt posts to persians rather than to medes. he established a system of provinces and tribute, began construction of Persepolis, and expanded Persian control in the east (Pakistan) and west (northern Greece). | 1 | |
| 81712362 | Satrap | the governor of a province in the Achaemenid Persian Empire, often a relative of the king. he was responsible for protection of the province and for forwarding tribute to the central administration. _____s in outlying provinces enjoyed considerable autonomy. | 2 | |
| 81712363 | Persepolis | a complex of palaces, reception halls, and treasury buildings erected by the Persian kings Darius I and Xerxes in the persian homeland. it is believed that the New Year's festival was celebrated here, as well as the coronations, weddings, and funerals of the Persian kings, who were buried in cliff-tombs nearby. | 3 | |
| 81712364 | Zoroastrianism | a religion in which you have to choose between good and evil. | 4 | |
| 81712365 | polis | A Greek city-state | 5 | |
| 81712366 | hoplite | A heavily armored Greek warrior who fought in the close-packed phalanx formation. | 6 | |
| 81712367 | tyrant | Someone who seized and held power in violation of the normal procedures and traditions of the community. contributed to the evolution of democracy. | 7 | |
| 81712368 | democracy | a system of government in which all "citizens" have equal political and legal rights, privileges, and protections, as in the Greek city-state of Athens in the fifth and fourth centuries BCE. | 8 | |
| 81712369 | sacrifice | a gift given to a deity, often with the aim of creating a relationship, gaining favor, and obligating the god to provide some benefit to the sacrificer, sometimes in order to sustain the deity and thereby guarantee the continuing vitality of the natural world. | 9 | |
| 81712370 | Herodotus | Heir to the technique of historia; originated the Western tradition of historical writing | 10 | |
| 81712371 | Pericles | aristocratic leader who guided the Athenian state through the transformation to full participatory democracy for all male citizens, supervised construction of the Acropolis, and pursued a policy of imperial expansion that led to the Peloponnesian War. | 11 | |
| 81712372 | Persian Wars | conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire | 12 | |
| 81712373 | trireme | Greek and Phoenician warship of the fifth and fourth centuries BCE. it was sleek and light, powered by 170 oars arranged in three vertical tiers. manned by skilled sailors, capable of short bursts of speed and complex maneuvers. | 13 | |
| 81712374 | Socrates | Athenian philosopher who shifted the emphasis of philosophical investigation from questions of natural science to ethics and human behavior. | 14 | |
| 81712375 | Peloponnesian War | a protracted and costly conflict between the Athenian and spartan alliance systems that convulsed most of the Greek world. a consequence of athenian imperialism. sparta won. | 15 | |
| 81712376 | Alexander | King of Macedonia in northern Greece. conquered persian empire, founded many greek style cities, spread greek culture across middle east. | 16 | |
| 81712377 | Hellenistic Age | the era in which Greek culture spread across western asia an dnortheastern africa after the conquests of alexander the great. | 17 | |
| 81712378 | Ptolemies | the Macedonian dynasty that ruled Egypt for 3 centuries.took over the system created by Egyptian pharaohs to extract the wealth of the land. | 18 | |
| 81712379 | Alexandria | city on the mediterranean coast of Egypt founded by Alexander. capital of Ptolemies. contained the famous Library and the Museum. | 19 |
