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| 7633900424 | ancestor veneration | The practice of praying to your ancestors. Found especially in China. | 0 | |
| 7633903454 | China | In the classical and postclassical era, people in this country invented the compass, the rudder, and gun powder, among other things. | 1 | |
| 7633911119 | Confucianism | Chinese ethical and philosophical teachings of Confucius which emphasized education, family, peace, and justice. Ideology used within the Chinese government. Officials had to pass exams on the subject to take part in government. |  | 2 |
| 7633922752 | Confucius | Chinese philosopher (circa 551-478 BC) (also spelled Kung Fu Tzu). His doctrine of duty and public service had a great influence on subsequent Chinese thought and served as a code of conduct for government officials. His real name was Kongzi (551-479 B.C.E.). |  | 3 |
| 7633942031 | Eunuchs | castrated males, originally in charge of protection of the ruler's concubines. Eventually had major roles in government, especially in China | 4 | |
| 7633948691 | Filial Piety | AKA Xiao. Concept is stressed in Confucianism. Reflected the high significance of the family in Chinese history, it is a love and respect for one's parents and ancestors. |  | 5 |
| 7633965517 | Great Wall | a vast Chinese defensive fortification begun in the 3rd century B.C. and running along the northern border of the country for 2,400 km |  | 6 |
| 7633972619 | Nomadic society | Prior to agriculture, this type of group traveled looking for food and shelter. | 7 | |
| 7633976790 | Oracle Bones | The earliest known Chinese writing is found on these from ritual activity of the Shang period. |  | 8 |
| 7633979191 | Period of Warring States | The period in Chinese history (403-221 BCE) in which many different states emerged and were fighting for control of China. |  | 9 |
| 7633990455 | loess | Fine yellowish light silt deposited by wind and water. It constitutes the fertile soil of the Yellow River Valley in northern China. Because of the tiny needle-like shape of its particles, it can be easily shaped and used for underground structures (but vulnerable to earthquake) | 10 | |
| 7633996667 | Mandate of Heaven | The Chinese belief that the emperor claimed to be the "son of heaven" and therefore has the right to rule. Developed by the Zhou, was the prerogative of Heaven, the chief deity, to grant power to the ruler of China. |  | 11 |
| 7634011012 | nomad | A person who lives a way of life, forced by a scarcity of resources, in which groups of people continually migrate to find pastures and water. | 12 | |
| 7634017658 | Shang | The dominant people in the earliest Chinese dynasty for which we have written records (ca.1750-1027 B.C.E.). Ancestor worship, divination by means of oracle bones, and the use of bronze vessels for ritual purposes were major elements of this culture. |  | 13 |
| 7634042460 | Shi Huangdi | Founder of the short-lived Qin dynasty and creator of the Chinese Empire (r. 221-210 B.C.E.). He is remembered for his ruthless conquests of rival states and standardization. Called himself the First Emperor. He united China and buried himself with hundreds of terracotta soldiers. |  | 14 |
| 7634052792 | Zhou | Succeeded the Shang dynasty. Similar to the Shang And Xia dynastic periods in that China was fragmented politically. Yet, despite the lack of true centralization, this was one of the longest Chinese dynasties, lasting about 600 years. It left substantial written records, unlike the preceding dynasties. Created the concept of the Mandate of Heaven to justify their rule. Remembered as prosperous era in Chinese History. |  | 15 |
| 7634321817 | steppes | Treeless plains, especially the high, flat expanses of northern Eurasia, which usually have little rain and are covered with coarse grass. They are good lands for nomads and their herds. Good for breeding horses: essential to Mongol military. |  | 16 |
| 7634768836 | Xia | A legendary Chinese dynasty that was not believed to exist until relatively recently. Walled towns ruled by area specific kings assembled armies, built cities, and worked bronze. Created pictograms which would evolve in to the first Chinese script. |  | 17 |
| 7634774919 | Yellow River | English name for the Huang He River in the north of China where the first Chinese civilization emerged. Chinese civilization began as small kingdoms and dynasties on this 2nd longest Chinese river, named after the color of the loess type soil. |  | 18 |
